初中英語過去進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)語法講解及練習(xí)題

1、1初中英語過去進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)語法講解（一）定義過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，是表示過去某個(gè)具體時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的事情或動(dòng)作。（二）結(jié)構(gòu) was/were+doing（現(xiàn)在分詞）（三）用法1、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或者事情。常用的時(shí)間狀語 thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while 例如：WewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight.昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我們在看電視。WhatwasheresearchingalldaylastSunday?上周日他

2、一整天都在研究什么？Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.我哥哥騎自行車的時(shí)候從車上摔下來，受傷了。Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation.他們離開車站的時(shí)候天正在下雨。WhenIgottothetopofthemountain,thesunwasshining.當(dāng)我到達(dá)山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候，陽光燦爛。2. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事情。時(shí)間點(diǎn)可以用介詞短語、副詞或從句來表示。如：Whatwasshedoingatnineoclockyesterday?昨天晚上九點(diǎn)她在做什么？（介詞短語表

3、示時(shí)間點(diǎn)）WhenIsawhimhewasdecoratinghisroom.當(dāng)我看見他的時(shí)候他正在裝飾房間。（when 從句表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)）3. 在復(fù)合句中，如果主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作都是延續(xù)的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動(dòng)詞都可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hewasreadinganewspaper.他邊等車邊看報(bào)。（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)的）HewascleaninghiscarwhileIwascooking.他擦車時(shí)我在做飯。（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行）典型例題：1）Mary_adresswhenshecutherfinger.A.madeB.ismakingC

4、.wasmakingD.makes2）Asshe_thenewspaper,Granny_asleep.A.read;wasfallingB.wasreading;fellC.wasreading;wasfallingD.read;fell 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)都強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的事進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過程，不一定完成過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)事件，一定完成表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生了如：HeplayedwhenIwasstudying.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)，兩者都表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,但過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過去某一特定的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)間段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,而一般過去時(shí)表示在過去時(shí)間完成的動(dòng)作?例如:Iwastypin

5、galetterlastnight.昨晚我在打一封信?（可能沒打完）Itypedsomeletterslastnight.我昨晚打了一些信?（已經(jīng)打完）21、一般過時(shí)往往表示某一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作在持續(xù)或未完成。Shewrotealettertoherfriendlastnight.她昨晚給朋友寫了封信。（信寫完了）Shewaswritingalettertoherfriendlastnight.她昨晚一直在給朋友寫信。（信不一定寫完）2、一般過去時(shí)表示只做一次動(dòng)作，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作反復(fù)地進(jìn)行。Shewavedtome.她朝我揮了揮手。3、句中有 amomentago

6、之類的短語一般用一般過去時(shí)。4、句中有 atthistimelastSunday,from8to9yesterday 之類的狀語一般用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以用來代替一般過去時(shí)，表示更為偶然而非預(yù)定的動(dòng)作：IwastalkingtoTomtheotherday那天我跟湯姆聊天來著。這里的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)給人的印象是這一動(dòng)作既不特殊，也不引人注目。它同時(shí)還傾向于解除主語對于這一動(dòng)作所負(fù)的責(zé)任。句中誰先開口說話既不清楚，也無關(guān)緊要。要注意它與一般過去時(shí)的差異：注意：進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)只用于表示顯然是連續(xù)不斷的動(dòng)作。如果把動(dòng)作分割開，或者說出其發(fā)生的次數(shù)，就必須用一般過去時(shí)：ItalkedtoTomseveral

7、times我跟湯姆談過幾次話。Tomwashedbothcars.湯姆把兩輛汽車都洗了。當(dāng)然，看來是并行的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作可以都用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)來表示：BetweenoneandtwoIwasdoingtheshoppingandwalkingthedog.一點(diǎn)到兩點(diǎn)之間我在購物、 遛狗。這樣用的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)通常和某些時(shí)間狀語如 today，lastnight，intheafternoon 連用。這些時(shí)間狀語可以看做是表示某一時(shí)刻，也可以看做是表示某一段時(shí)間。如上面例句所示，某一段時(shí)間也可以用確切的時(shí)間來表示。如想問起一段時(shí)間怎樣度過時(shí)，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)要用比一般過去時(shí)顯得有禮貌：Whatwereyoudoing

8、beforeyoucamehere？（你來這里之前做什么工作？）要比Whatdidyoudobeforeyoucamehere?聽起來有禮貌。另一方面，Whatwereyoudoinginmyroom？（你在我的房間里干什么來著？）可能表示這樣一種情感：我認(rèn)為你沒有權(quán)利在我的屋子里。但 Whatdidyoudoinmyroom?卻毫無這種含義。不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞：hear,see,notice,feel,taste 表示態(tài)度感情的動(dòng)詞：like,love,hate表心理狀態(tài)：feel,want,prefer表占有：own,have,表存在狀態(tài)和持續(xù)：look,owe,bewhen 和

9、while 的用法區(qū)別兩者的區(qū)別如下：1when 是 atorduringthetimethat,既指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可指一段時(shí)間；while 是 duringthetimethat，只指一段時(shí)間，因此 when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中的動(dòng)詞可以是終止性動(dòng)詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，而 while 從句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。2when 說明從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以是同時(shí)，也可以是先后發(fā)生；while 則強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作在從句動(dòng)作的發(fā)生的過程中或主從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。3由 when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，主句用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)；如果從句和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，兩句都用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)候，多用

10、while 引導(dǎo)，如：3a.Whentheteachercamein,weweretalking.當(dāng)此句改變主從句的位置時(shí)，則為：Whileweweretalking,theteachercamein.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)題一.用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Whilewe(wait)forthebus,agirl(run)uptous.2. I(telephone)afriendwhenBob(come)in.3. Jim(jump)onthebusasit(move)away.4. We(test)thenewmachinewhentheelectricity(go)off.5. She(notwa

11、nt)tostayinbedwhiletheothers(all,work)inthefields.6. Whilemother(put)Cathytobed,thedoorbell(ring).7. AsI(walk)inthepark,it(begin)torain.8. Evenwhenshe(be)achildshe(already,think)ofbecomingaballerina(芭蕾舞演員).9. Itwasquitelateatnight.George(read)andAmy(ply)herneedlewhenthey(hear)aknockatthedoor.10. The

12、re(be)agrouproundthefirewhenthey(reach)it.Anoldwoman(sit)onthegroundnearthekettle;twosmallchildren(lie)nearher;adonkey(bend)hisheadoveratallgirl.1.1(have)mybreakfastathalfpastsixyesterdaymorning.2. Mary(go)overherlessonsfromsixtosevenlastnight.Johnandpeter(do)thesamething.3. Whatyou(do)atthattime?We

13、(watch)TV.4. Wasyourfatherathomeyesterdayevening?Yes,hewas.He(listen)totheradio.5. They(notmake)amodelshipwhenIsawhim.6. they(have)ameetingat4yesterdayafternoon?No,they.They(clean)theclassroom.7. it(rain)whenyouleftschool?Yes,it.(No,it)8. Whatyourfather(do)whenhewasyourage?9. Oneday,Edison(wait)fora

14、traintoarrive,andsuddenlyalittleboyrantothetrack(軌道)toplay.10. HeaskedmeifI(go)fishingthatafternoon.11. Thethreeofthemwereinahurrybecausetheirplane(leave)infiveminutes.12. Inaletter,johntoldusthathe(come)tochinanextmonth.413. Whenthebellrang,jenny(wait)inherseat.14. She(make)herdressthewholeafternoo

15、n.15. Whilemyfather(look)throughtheeveningpaper,hesuddenlyacry.二、選擇題。1. Icookedamealwhenyoume.a.cooked,wereringingb.wascooking,rangc.wascooking,wereringingd.cooked,rang2.Hesaidhetodrawaplaneontheblackboardatthattime.a.triesb.triedc.wastryingd.willtry3.WhilesheTV,sheasoundoutsidetheroom.a.waswatching

16、,washearingb.watched,washearingc.watched,heardd.waswatching,heard4.Theyafootballgamefrom7to9lastnight.a.werewatchingb.watchc.watchedd.arewatching5.WhatbookyouwhenIyouatfouryesterdayafternoon?a.did,read,wasseeingb.did,read,sawc.were,reading,sawd.were,reading,wasseeing6.ItwasFridayevening.MrandMrs.Gre

17、enreadytoflytoEngland.a.aregettingb.getc.weregettingd.got7.LeiFengalwaysofotherswhenheinthearmy.a.is,thinking,wasb.was,thinking,isc.did,think,isd.was,thinking,was8.Agirlmypenfalloffthetablewhensheme.a.saw,passedb.wasseeing,passedc.wasseeing,passedd.wasseeing,waspassing9.WefortomattenlastSunday.Heoft

18、enkeptus.a.werewaiting,waitingb.werewaiting,waitc.waited,waitingd.waited,wait10.HehisfatheronthefarmthewholeafternoonlastSaturday.a.helpsb.wouldhelpc.washelpingd.ishelping511.Whilemothersomewashing,IakiteforKate.a.did,madeb.wasdoing,madec.wasdoing,wasmakingd.did,wasmaking12.“youangrythen?”“theytoomuchnoise.”a.are,weremakingb.were,weremakingc.are,maded.were,made13.Hesomecookingatthattime,somea.did,heardb.did,didnthewiasdoing