經(jīng)貿(mào)英語(yǔ)chapter1

1、今年全國(guó)“兩會(huì)”已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了，那兩會(huì)用英語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō)呢？Air pollution, corruption and the wealth gap are the three issues of most concern to the public ahead of the annual parliamentary sessions of China, dubbed as "two sessions", according to an online survey.一項(xiàng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查顯示，在一年一度的“兩會(huì)”召開(kāi)之際，大家最關(guān)注的三大問(wèn)題分別為：大氣污染、腐敗問(wèn)題以及貧富差距。The is

2、sue of pollution has grown in importance for people since last year's survey which then showed the top three issues as being the cost of living, the environment and employment.與去年相比，污染問(wèn)題對(duì)于人們的重要程度有所提高。去年的調(diào)查顯示，人們最關(guān)注的三大問(wèn)題為：生活成本、環(huán)境和就業(yè)。The majority of respondents said air pollution is the most urgent

3、 issue which needs to be addressed and they expect the "two sessions" to put forward practical measures to tackle the problem.大多數(shù)調(diào)查對(duì)象表示，大氣污染是當(dāng)務(wù)之急，需予以解決，他們期待“兩會(huì)”能提出一些切實(shí)可行的措施來(lái)解決該問(wèn)題?！局v解】文中的two sessions就是“兩會(huì)”的意思，其中session是名詞，意為“會(huì)議”，一般指定期正式召開(kāi)的會(huì)議，如：The Congress ended its first session on January

4、 4.代表大會(huì)第一次會(huì)議在1月4日結(jié)束。而meeting是普通用詞，指一般性的會(huì)議，可用于任何場(chǎng)合，如：departmental meeting（部門會(huì)議），sports meeting（運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)）1. 養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn) pension insurance system2. 反腐倡廉 anti-corruption bid 3. 依法拆遷 lawful housing demolition and relocation4. 調(diào)控房?jī)r(jià) housing prices control5. 貧富差距 gap between the rich and the poor (wealth gap)6. 就業(yè)

5、問(wèn)題 employment 7. 醫(yī)療改革 medical reform下崗再就業(yè) Re-employment after being laid off 登記失業(yè)率 registered unemployment rate 分組討論 panel discussion 城鄉(xiāng)差距 rural-urban divide 基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn) basic medical insurance 家電下鄉(xiāng)Home appliances going to the countryside 中小型企業(yè) SMEs 教育公平 Equal Access to Education8. 司法

6、公正 judicial justice9. 民主監(jiān)督 democratic supervision10. 教育公平 equal access to educationopening speech 開(kāi)幕式致辭small- and medium-sized enterprises 中小型企業(yè)crops' minimum purchase prices糧食最低收購(gòu)價(jià)per-capita income人均收入window guidance窗口指導(dǎo)(監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)利用其在金融體系中特殊的地位和影響，引導(dǎo)金融機(jī)構(gòu)主動(dòng)采取措施防范風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)監(jiān)管目標(biāo)的監(jiān)管行為。) propel/expand

7、domestic deman擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需 proactive fiscal policy積極的財(cái)政政策 moderately easy monetary policy適度寬松的貨幣政策 rural-urban development divide 城鄉(xiāng)差距 government work report政府工作報(bào)告dairy product standards乳制品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)scattered production model分散生產(chǎn)模式(Such a scattered production model is the fundamental reason

8、 that there have been so many food safety incidents.這種分散生產(chǎn)模式是諸多食品安全問(wèn)題的根源。)administrative transparency政務(wù)透明 bridging loan過(guò)渡性貸款(Bridging, or a bridging loan, is short-term financing madeavailable pending arrangement of intermediate or long-term financing.過(guò)渡性貸款是一種在中期或長(zhǎng)期融資安排確定前的短期融資。 comfortabl

9、e Housing Project安居工程 careers guidance就業(yè)指導(dǎo)three Direct Links“大三通”(通郵、通航、通商)healthcare reform. package醫(yī)改方案 basic medicine system基本醫(yī)療體制home appliances going to the countryside家電下鄉(xiāng)equal Access to Education教育公平golden September and silver October金九銀十rural left-behind population 農(nóng)村留守人口issues of

10、agriculture, farmer and rural area三農(nóng)問(wèn)題three insurances and one fund “三險(xiǎn)一金”(養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)、失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)、醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)和住房公積金)administrative accountability行政問(wèn)責(zé)制(是指一級(jí)政府對(duì)現(xiàn)任該級(jí)政府負(fù)責(zé)人、該級(jí)政府所屬各工作部門和下級(jí)政府主要負(fù)責(zé)人在所管轄的部門和工作范圍內(nèi)由于故意或者過(guò)失，不履行或者正確履行法定職責(zé)，以致影響行政秩序和行政效率，貽誤行政工作，或者損害行政管理相對(duì)人的合法權(quán)益，給行政機(jī)關(guān)造成不良影響和后果的行為，進(jìn)行內(nèi)部監(jiān)督和責(zé)任追究的制度)。defense budget 國(guó)防預(yù)算

11、0;National People's Congress 全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference 中國(guó)人民政治協(xié)商會(huì)議11th Five-year Development Program 十一五發(fā)展規(guī)劃Innovation-oriented Society 創(chuàng)新型社會(huì)Scientific Concept of Development 科學(xué)發(fā)展觀Township Health Service 城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)療服務(wù)Rural Compulsory Education 農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育Building New Soci

12、alist Countryside 建設(shè)社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村Cross-straits peace and stability 兩岸和平與穩(wěn)定 Increase the flexibility of the RMB exchange rate 增加人民幣匯率的靈活性President of the People's Republic of China 中華人民共和國(guó)主席Central Military Commission 中央軍事委員會(huì)Supreme People's Court 最高人民法院Supreme People's Procuratorate 最高人民檢

13、察院Presidium 主席團(tuán) Standing Committee 常務(wù)委員會(huì)General Office 辦公廳Secretariat 秘書(shū)處Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs 內(nèi)務(wù)司法委員會(huì) Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee 華僑委員會(huì)Commission of Legislative Affairs 法制工作委員會(huì) Committee for Revision of the Constitution 憲法修改委員會(huì)Credentials Committee 代表資格審查

14、委員會(huì)Motions Examination Committee 提案審查委員會(huì) Ethnic Affairs Committee 民族委員會(huì)Law Committee 法律委員會(huì)Finance and Economy Committee 財(cái)政經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì) Foreign Affairs Committee 外事委員會(huì)Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions 特定問(wèn)題調(diào)查委員會(huì)Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee 教育、科學(xué)、文化衛(wèi)生委員會(huì) d

15、isaster relief賑災(zāi)defense expenditure國(guó)防開(kāi)支safeguarding our sovereignty and territory保衛(wèi)主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整top legislative body最高立法機(jī)關(guān)social welfare system 社會(huì)福利制度minimum living standard最低生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)the imbalance between urban and rural areas城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展不平衡farmer-turned-entrepreneur 農(nóng)民企業(yè)家basic medical insurance 基本醫(yī)療保 window gui

16、dance 窗口指導(dǎo)（監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)利用其在金融體系中特殊的地位和影響，引導(dǎo)金融機(jī)構(gòu)主動(dòng)采取措施防范風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)監(jiān)管目標(biāo)的監(jiān)管行為。equal Access to Education 教育公平disaster relief 賑災(zāi)defense expenditure 國(guó)防開(kāi)支 safeguarding our sovereignty and territory 保衛(wèi)主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整 top legislative body 最高立法機(jī)關(guān)social welfare system 社會(huì)福利制度minimum living standard 最低生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)the imbalance b

17、etween urban and rural areas 城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展不平衡state-run/owned company/enterprise 國(guó)有企業(yè)The character "duang" is so new that it does not even exist in the Chinese dictionary. But it has already spread like wildfire online in China, appearing more than 8 million times on China's micro-blogging site

18、Weibo, where it spawned a top-trending hashtag that drew 312,000 discussions among 15,000 users. On China's biggest online search engine Baidu, it has been looked up almost 600,000 times. It's been noticed in the West too, with Foreign Policy seeing it as a "break the internet" vir

19、al meme - like a certain Kim Kardashian image, or a certain multicoloured dress.最近大熱的“duang”是一個(gè)在漢語(yǔ)字典中并不存在的新詞，不過(guò)這個(gè)字甫一出現(xiàn)就以燎原之勢(shì)在中國(guó)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)上迅速傳播開(kāi)來(lái)。這個(gè)字在中國(guó)的社交網(wǎng)站微博中出現(xiàn)了八億多次。有15000名用戶使用了它，并引發(fā)了31.2萬(wàn)次討論。在中國(guó)最大的在線搜索網(wǎng)站百度，這個(gè)字的搜索量達(dá)60萬(wàn)余次，該現(xiàn)象同樣引發(fā)了西方媒體的關(guān)注，外交政策雜志將其稱作“引爆互聯(lián)網(wǎng)”的病毒式傳播事件，與之前金·卡戴珊的美臀照和著名的“白金黑藍(lán)之爭(zhēng)”的裙裝同等待遇。But w

20、hat does it mean?可是這個(gè)字到底是什么意思？"Everyone's duang-ing and I still don't know what it means! Looks like it's back to school for me," said Weibo user Weileiweito.“每個(gè)人都在“duang”，可我連duang什么意思都不知道，這讓我仿佛又重回了校園時(shí)代?！蔽⒉┯脩鬢eileiweito說(shuō)。Another user asked: "Have you duang-ed today? My min

21、d is full of duang duang duang."而另一位用戶發(fā)問(wèn)“今天你“duang”了嗎？”我現(xiàn)在滿腦都是“duang，duang duang?！?quot;To duang or not to duang, that is the question," wrote user BaiKut automan.“Duang還是不duang，這是一個(gè)問(wèn)題，”BaiKut如是說(shuō)。"Duang" seems to be an example of onomatopoeia, a word that phonetically imitates a

22、sound. It all seems to have started with Hong Kong action star Jackie Chan, who in 2004 was featured in a shampoo commercial where he said famously defended his sleek, black hair using the rhythmical-sounding "duang". The word resurfaced again recently after Chan posted it on his Weibo pag

23、e. Thousands of users then began to flood Chan's Weibo page with comments, coining the word in reference to his infamous shampoo appearance.Duang是一個(gè)擬聲詞，用來(lái)形容一種聲音，來(lái)源于香港影星成龍?jiān)?004年時(shí)拍的一則洗發(fā)水廣告，他用了duang來(lái)形容烏黑亮麗富有動(dòng)感的頭發(fā)，而最近成龍?jiān)谖⒉┥显俣仁褂昧薲uang這一詞匯，引得千萬(wàn)網(wǎng)友紛紛訪問(wèn)其微博頁(yè)面，在該條微博下面評(píng)論，并造了這個(gè)字來(lái)指代他拍的那個(gè)洗發(fā)水廣告。The word appears

24、 to have many different meanings, and there's no perfect translation, but you could use it as an adjective to give emphasis to the word that follows it. A kitten might be "duang cute", for example. Or you might be "very duang confused" by this blog.duang這個(gè)字好像有很多種意思，到目前為止并沒(méi)有一個(gè)

25、確切對(duì)應(yīng)的英文翻譯，不過(guò)，你可以把它當(dāng)做形容詞用，用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)跟在它后面的那個(gè)詞，比如你可以說(shuō)一只小貓是“duang萌”，看到這里，你也許是“非常duang糊涂”了。For readers of Chinese characters, the Jackie Chan theme is also apparent from the quirky way in which the word is written: a combination of Chan's Mandarin names.而duang對(duì)應(yīng)的漢字是什么呢？這個(gè)字以一種非常離奇的方式被造出來(lái)，將“成龍”這兩個(gè)字組在一起就成了du

26、ang。用法一：作為擬聲詞英文例句：The sound of Mr. Skinny fell: pia!The sound of Mr. Fat fell: duang!中文：純良大叔 “瘦子摔倒的聲音：pia！胖子摔倒的聲音：duang！”用法二：作為名詞。特效的同義詞。和外國(guó)人解釋中文的特效怎么說(shuō)，你就說(shuō)DUANG英文例句：You say "special effect", in Chinese, we say "DUANG".中文：英語(yǔ)“特效”這個(gè)單詞，在我們中文里的發(fā)音就是DUANG用法三：作為形容詞，形容的是自己受欺騙的一種心情，表達(dá)“都是騙人

27、的！”欲哭無(wú)淚。英文例句："DUANG", then the holiday is gone. I doubt seriously this is special effect; it's cheating!中文：跳蝻P “DUANG的一下，假期就沒(méi)有了。我懷疑這是特效，是騙人的。”用法四：作為數(shù)量形容詞。形容意想不到的很快，很多，蜂擁而至。英文例句："DUANG", thousands of netizens repost my Weibo in a short period of timebut no one could look this

28、word up in the dictionary, because I've found it at Bilibili.中文：蟲(chóng)治先森 我的微博duang轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的很快、很多而字典上跟沒(méi)就沒(méi)有這個(gè)字因?yàn)槲沂窃贐站查到的。最后為大家獻(xiàn)上成龍版我的洗發(fā)液全程英文歌詞直播歡迎同人二次創(chuàng)作歡迎拍磚(來(lái)源：)"When I first learned to shoot the shampoo ad, in fact, I refuse ! Ah because I think you cannot beat me to shoot right away , first , I want

29、to try, I do not want to say after you shoot an ad shoot plus a lot of special effects , the other end to launch ah very black ! very bright ! very soft ! outcome audience will scold me, there is no such hair ! this proves that the above is false I said first to give me a try. Later, after I know th

30、ey are medicine , but not the kind of chemical ingredients. After that wash this month it down this month , at least I used very comfortable. Now it still use every day still use it . I gave my class used to be married to you that I try to speak with the director : ! ! ! ! ! ! " When the f

31、ilm shoot ! after the shoot , the hair is my hair , do not increase , plus stunt up, added that there is no such child ! I want to give the audience to see , and then I run out of something like this , you run after , the same way son !"原文：“當(dāng)我第一次知道要拍洗發(fā)水廣告的時(shí)候，其實(shí)我是，是拒絕的，我跟導(dǎo)演講，我拒絕，因?yàn)?，其?shí)我，根本沒(méi)有頭發(fā)導(dǎo)演跟

32、我講，拍完加特技，頭發(fā)很黑很亮很柔加了一個(gè)月特技之后呢，頭發(fā)DUANG后來(lái)我也知道他們是假的，是化學(xué)成分的。我現(xiàn)在呢，每天還是加特技，加了很多特技，頭發(fā)，DUANGDUANGDUANG我的頭發(fā)烏黑濃密，因?yàn)槲遥犹丶肌笨赐晗旅?5個(gè)句子，你會(huì)覺(jué)得自己的英語(yǔ)學(xué)的不夠到家。這充分說(shuō)明了語(yǔ)言是文字和文化的有機(jī)結(jié)合。也一定程度上解釋了為什么看美劇抓不住人家笑點(diǎn)的原因。1. Do you have a family?【正確理解】你有孩子嗎？2. It's a good father that knows his son.【正確理解】就算是最好的父親，也未必了解自己的兒子。3. I have no

33、 opinion of that sort of man.【正確理解】我對(duì)這類人很反感。4. The picture flattered her.【正確理解】她比較上照。5. He is a walking skeleton.【正確理解】他很瘦。6. You don't know what you are talking about.【正確理解】你在胡說(shuō)八道。7. You don't begin to understand what they mean.【正確理解】你根本不知道他們?cè)诟陕铩＃╪ot begin to：毫不）8. They didn't praise hi

34、m slightly.【正確理解】他們大大地表?yè)P(yáng)了他。9. That's all I want to hear.【正確理解】我已經(jīng)聽(tīng)夠了。10. I wish I could bring you to see my point.【正確理解】你要我怎么說(shuō)你才能明白呢。11. You really flatter me.【正確理解】你讓我受寵若驚。12. He made a great difference.【正確理解】他很關(guān)鍵。13. You cannot give him too much money.【正確理解】你給他再多的錢也不算多。（nottoo/over連用表示“再也不為過(guò)”）

35、14. The long exhausting trip proved too much.【正確理解】這次旅行曠日持久，我們都累倒了。15. She held the little boy by the right hand.【正確理解】她抓著小男孩的右手。（這里"by"與"with"動(dòng)作主語(yǔ)完全相反）16. Are you there?【正確理解】你還在聽(tīng)嗎？（等于Do you follow me?)17. If you think he is a good man, think again.【正確理解】如果你認(rèn)為他是好人，那你就大錯(cuò)特錯(cuò)了。18. That took his breath away.【正確理解】他大驚失色。19. Two is company but three is none.【正確理解】?jī)扇顺砂?，三人不歡。20. Students are still arriving.【正確理解】學(xué)生還沒(méi)有到齊。21. They went away as wise as they came.【正確理解】他們一無(wú)所獲。22. I won't do it t