北師大版高中英語模塊五Unit14詞匯學(xué)習(xí)

1、Unit 14Warm-up & Lesson 1知識(shí)集釋 1. 課后詞匯講解 Warm-up 1. insurance insurance against sth保險(xiǎn)/預(yù)防措施People without insurance against theft 盜竊險(xiǎn)had to pay for their own loss.He is applying for two other jobs as an insurance against not passing the interview for this one.When her husband died, she received fi

2、ve million yuan in insurance.the insurance company2. income income 指工作，投資所得的收入 wage 按小時(shí)、天、星期發(fā)放的工資 salary 按月支付的工資 fee 服務(wù)費(fèi)；學(xué)費(fèi) pay 雇主定期付給的工資3. rewardHe received a medal in reward for his bravery.One reward of my job is meeting people.A $1000 reward has been offered for the return of the stolen painting

3、. reward sb for sth/ doing sthHe was rewarded for his persistence when the car finally got started. rewarding 值得做的，令人滿意的Gardening is a rewarding pastime.Lesson 11. summary n. Your summary will need fleshing out 充實(shí),具體化before you present it. in summary 總的來說，歸納起來In summary, the campaign has been a grea

4、t success. all in all/ to be brief / in a word / to sum up summary adj. 當(dāng)場(chǎng)給予的；簡(jiǎn)要的Such an offence will lead to a summary fine.I went through by a summary method. summarize v. 總結(jié)，概括2. aidShe is so independent that she refused all financial aid. Aid to the Third World is at present little more than a d

5、rop in the ocean. teaching aids 教具 a hearing aid 助聽器； first aid 急救 aid sb in/ with sthWe were greatly aided in our investigation by the cooperation of the police. A dictionary is an invaluable aid in learning a new language. 3. dataVery little data is available.The data is/ are still being analysed.

6、Have you recorded the data in disc? data bank=data base data-processing4. charge n. I resent厭惡 the charges of incompetence made against me.(指責(zé)，控告)All goods are delivered free of charge.(費(fèi)用)He took full charge of the firm in his fathers absence.(掌管，監(jiān)護(hù))a positive/ negative charge (充電量，電荷) in charge of

7、 sth 掌管 in the charge of sb 在某人的掌管底下 charge v.She charged me with neglecting my duty.As long as youve paid in advance, we wont charge you for delivery.They charged me ¥100 for a cup of coffee. charge a battery charge sth with sth 使充滿The atmosphere was charged with excitement.5. consultI have co

8、nsulted a number of law books in the British Museums. (查閱)I want to consult with my partner before I take a decision. (商量)I consulted a doctor about my pain. (請(qǐng)教) consultant 顧問二文中要點(diǎn)探究Lesson11. A friend is having problems writing a plot summary for a book report.要點(diǎn)探究have problems in doing sth = have

9、difficulty in doing sthI have some problems talking in English, although I have learned English for almost one year.2. Make sure they know what to do.要點(diǎn)探究what to do 為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作為know 的賓語使用。有些及物動(dòng)詞如ask, consider, decide, explain, tell等動(dòng)詞后可以用“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)做賓語?？梢越硬欢ㄊ降囊蓡栐~有how, what, when, where, which, whe

10、ther等。這種結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)，在句子中可以做主語，賓語或表語等。When and where to hold the party has not been decided.I dont quite mind whether to be elected or not. Lesson 2 一. 課后詞匯講解 1. make upFarm workers make up only a small section of the population. (組成，構(gòu)成)Society is made up of people of widely differing abilities. (由

11、組成)We made up the bed in the spare room for our guests. (鋪床)make up an excuse/ a story/ a lie (編造)Hard-working can make up (for) a lack of intelligence. (補(bǔ)償、彌補(bǔ))She is always heavily made up. (化妝)She tired to make up to the boss. (討好)Has he made it up with her yet?（和解）2. make outHow did he make out w

12、hile his wife is away? (設(shè)法應(yīng)付，活下來)I cant make out what she wants. (理解)The outline of a house can be made out. (辨認(rèn)出)Applications must be made out in triplicate. (填寫)He made out that he had been robbed. (聲稱)He makes himself out to be cleverer than he really is. (聲稱,假裝)Can you make out what the sign say

13、s? (看出，聽出)3. go intoThe car skidded打滑 and went into a tree. (撞進(jìn))When did Britain go into Europe Union? (加入)go into banking, publishing, teaching (從事)The plane went into a nosedive俯沖. (開始某動(dòng)作)He went into a long explanation of the affair. (開始某行為)The problem will need a lot of going into. (仔細(xì)檢查或調(diào)查)Year

14、s of work has gone into the preparation of this dictionary. (消耗資源或時(shí)間)4. speak upPlease speak up your ideas in front of all of us. speak up for為.辯護(hù);替.講好話Can you speak up for truth and justice? It's time to speak up for those who are suffering injustice. 5. sit upIt took him a long time to teach t

15、he dog to sit up and beg. 端坐George's sudden success made the town sit up and take notice. 大吃一驚The nurse sat up with the patient all night.熬夜We sat up late watching a film on TV. 熬夜6. instant adj. 立即的；速成的；緊急的He felt instant relief after treatment.instant coffee/ noodlesin instant need of helpatte

16、nd to ones instant needs instant n. 當(dāng)時(shí)；片刻；瞬間Come here this instant.I recognized her the instant I saw her.= I recognized her instantly I saw her.Just for an instant I thought he was going to refuse.I shall be back in an instant7. basisHis research formed the basis of his new book. I know the cell is

17、 the basis of all animals and plants. on an basis of 在的基礎(chǔ)上Payments can be evened out使均等 on a monthly basis over the year. We drew this conclusion on the basis of experiments. base sth on sth sth is based on sth8. moralHis behavior went against the moral rules of the social conduct. (道德的)A baby isnt

18、born with a moral sense. (是非觀的)We differ about moral standards. (道德)The moral of this story is “better late than never”. (寓意)You may draw your own moral from it.(教訓(xùn))二文中要點(diǎn)探究1. The instant she stopped asking question, I got up and went out of the room.要點(diǎn)探究句中的the instant 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“ 一就” 的含義The student

19、s stopped talking the instant they saw the teacher came in.類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有： the moment/ the minute/ the second .instantly/ directly/ immediately as soon as .on/ upon + doing / n.no sooner than/ hardly . when （主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)） Lesson 3 一. 課后詞匯講解 1. believe in believe in 信仰；相信某人；相信某物的存在；相信事物的價(jià)值或正確性I believe in

20、God.I believe in his good character.Do you believe in ghosts?I believe in getting plenty of exercise. believe 相信某人說的話；認(rèn)為Im told he has been in prison, and I can well believe it.Seeing is believing.Believe it or not, we were left waiting in the rain for two hours.2. turn overThe car skidded, turned o

21、ver and burst into flames突然著火.(翻轉(zhuǎn)；翻身)The company turns over $150 million a year.(營業(yè)額達(dá))Customs officials turned the man over to the police.(移交給)He turned over his business to his daughter.詞組turn from A to/ into B 轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換turn back 往回走turn down 拒絕；調(diào)低turn inside out 把里面翻作外面turn on 打開； turn off 關(guān)閉turn out

22、( to be/ as/ that) 結(jié)果是；證明是turn to 開始努力地工作；向某人尋求幫助turn up 出現(xiàn)； 開大聲音turn ones back on 背棄，拋棄turn oneself in自首3. inspectIt was strange that nobody inspected my ticket before I got on the train. (檢查）inspect a school; factory; etc. (視察) inspect sb/ sth for sthThe police inspected all the objects in the roo

23、m for fingerprints. inspection n. 檢查，視察4. pay offWe will have more money to spend after we pay off our mortgage. (付清) The company has paid off some redundant employees. (付清工資解雇)All his hard work paid off in the end. (得到好結(jié)果；取得成功)詞組pay sb for sth; pay sth to sb (for sth)pay attention to sth/ doing sth

24、pay a price for sth 為 付出代價(jià)pay sb (back) in his own coin 以其人之道還治其人之身 pay back 還錢；回報(bào)；報(bào)復(fù)5. commitcommit murder, suicide, theft, an unforgivable error, etc. (做不合法的事）One cannot commit crimes with impunity不受懲罰. I cant come on Sunday; Im committed. (因有承諾而不能做或不得不做)She committed herself to charity. (投入于) com

25、mit sb/ sth to sth 將移交給The girl was committed to the care of an mit a patient to a mental hospital. commit oneself to sth/ doing sth 保證承諾He has committed himself to supporting his brothers children. commit oneself on sth 公開表明自己的意見I asked her what she thought; but she refused to commit hersel

26、f.6. gloryThe soldier's brave deeds brought him honor and glory. No road of flowers lead to glory.光榮之路?？部馈?cover oneself with glory 滿載榮譽(yù)；取得勝利Our team didnt cover itself with glory today. glory in sth (success, freedom, etc.) 因某物而自豪 glorious adj. 光榮的7. constantlyThe car has to be constantly maint

27、ained. (經(jīng)常地；不斷地)He constantly strayed from偏離 the main point of his talk. l constantly, always 與進(jìn)行時(shí)連用表達(dá)抱怨，責(zé)備等感情色彩He is constantly asking me for money and I have got tired of it. constant adj.constant chattering嘮叨, complaints, interruptions（不斷的）a constant speed, value, temperature (恒定的)a constant frie

28、nd, companion, supporter (忠實(shí)的；堅(jiān)定的)8. beneathBeneath that apparently calm surface is a man of fierce temper. Her careful make-up hid the signs of age beneath. They thought she married beneath her.(地位低的，不值得的）As writers of tragedy, most of the other Elizabethan dramatists are far beneath Shakespeare. (

29、次于)9. bendTouch your toes without bending your knees.The road bends to the right after a few yards.She bent down and picked it up.He bent forward to listen to the child.詞組bend the rules 放寬規(guī)定，變通bend (sb) to sth 使屈服于bend to ones will 順從某人的意志be bent on sth/ doing sth.下定決心做某事He is bent on winning at all

30、 costs.10. hesitate hesitate about/ at/ over sthI hesitated about taking his side until I knew the whole story. hesitate to do sthShe hesitated to hurt the child's feelings. without hesitation 毫不猶豫，立即二文中要點(diǎn)探究1. I asked her how she had achieved success and she told me that being curious, working h

31、ard, and believing in what was true made her the success she is today.要點(diǎn)探究(1) 本句中and 連接兩個(gè)并列分句。在第一個(gè)分句中，how引導(dǎo)ask后的賓語從句。在第二個(gè)分句中that引導(dǎo)told后的賓語從句，從句中being curious, working hard and believing in what was true 為從句的主語(2) the success 特指一個(gè)成功的人The meeting was such a success that all the problems was finally so

32、lved afterwards.Being shy and awkward at communicating made her quite uneasy in front of the crowd.2. It was my mother who taught me to be curious.要點(diǎn)探究強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is/ was that/ who 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用來強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語，賓語和狀語等成分。that 只起連接作用，不做成分，不能省略，當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人做主語時(shí)，也可用who連接。It is I that/ who am going for a holiday with Mary. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的

33、一般疑問句形式Is/ Was it + 強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that + 句子其他成分Was it in the building that you were born and brought up? 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句形式疑問詞+ is/was that + 句子其他成分Where was it that you went just now? It is/ was not until that It was not until I got home that I found my wallet had been stolen.3. I asked Junyan what she liked most

34、about her job and she said that although there wasnt much glory in reporters existence, she found it interesting and challenging.要點(diǎn)探究(1) 這是一個(gè)復(fù)雜句，and 連接兩個(gè)并列句，第一個(gè)分句中，what引導(dǎo)asked 后的賓語從句(2) find + 賓語+ 賓補(bǔ)When he came to himself, he found himself lost in the forest.He was found lying on the road, unconsci

35、ous. Lesson 4 一. 課后詞匯講解 1. keep up withI cant keep up with all the changes in computer technology.跟上Workers incomes are not keeping up with inflation通貨膨脹.How many of your old school friends do you keep up with?保持聯(lián)系She likes to keep up with the latest fashions.Peter tried very hard to catch up with t

36、he others in the relay race, and he kept up with them to the finishing line. keep back 阻止，隱瞞，保持距離keep in touch with 與保持聯(lián)系keep off 不接近，避開keep on 繼續(xù)keep out 擋住，不進(jìn)入，留在外面keep away 使不靠近keep sb from doing sth 使不能做某事keep sb doing sth 使一直做某事2. decrease v.Interest in the sport is decreasing.Student numbers h

37、ave decreased by 500.Student numbers have decreased to 500. decrease n.a decrease of 3% in the rate of inflation. There has been a steady decrease in population in this city. on the decrease 在減少Is crime on the decrease? increase 增加3. multiply2 multiplied by 4 makes 8. (乘)One can make 12 by multiplyi

38、ng 2 and 6.Our problems have multiplied since last year. (增加)We must multiply our efforts to clear up the mystery. (增加)It is possible to multiply bacteria and other living organisms in the lab. (繁殖)divide 除 / plus 加 / minus 減4. respondShe asked where hed been, but he didnt respond. (回答)I kicked the

39、dog which responded by growling咆哮. (回應(yīng)，反應(yīng))The patient did not respond to treatment. response n. 回答，反應(yīng)make no response to in response to 5. envy v.I have always envied him his good luck.I dont envy him his money problems. envy n. the envy of sb/ at sb/sthHe couldnt conceal隱藏 his envy of me/ at my suc

40、cess.They only say such unkind things are out of envy.Her many talents were the envy of all her friends.6. botherDont bother your father about/ with it; he is very tired.Hes always bothering me to lend him money.It bothers me that he can be so insensitive遲鈍的.He didnt even bother to say thank you.費(fèi)心，

41、麻煩 cant be bothered to do sth 偷懶，嫌麻煩The grass needs cutting but I cant be bothered to do it today. bother n. have bother (in) doing sth.7. in caseWrite the telephone number down in case you forget. In case you need something, please don't hesitate to let me know. In case of fire, ring the alarm

42、bell. in any case 無論如何 in no case 無論如何都不 in that case 既然那樣8. comfort n.The dress is carefully styled for maximum comfort. They are now living in relative comfort.He spoke a few words of comfort to me before leaving. comfort v.I tried to comfort him after he was defeated by his opponent. 2 文中要點(diǎn)探究1. B

43、etween now and the 21st century, citizens of the worlds richest and most advanced nations will find it more and more difficult to keep up with the demand for change.要點(diǎn)探究find it + adj. + to do sth/ that 從句 其中it作形式賓語，不定式或從句為真正賓語。He found it hard to control himself.We found it strange that he left the

44、meeting so early.2. It is sometimes difficult to work out the patterns of change.要點(diǎn)探究本句中使用了It is + adj. ( of/ for sb ) to do sth句型。It is quite difficult for them to find out who broke the window.I think it is wrong of you tell lies.Communication Workshop & Cultural Corner一. 課后詞匯講解 1. encloseWith

45、 respect to關(guān)于，至于 your enquiry, I enclose an explanatory leaflet傳單. 有關(guān)說明資料I enclose a stamped addressed envelope for your reply. I enclose two copies of the contract. He enclosed the land with a hedge樹籬. (圍繞, 圈起)2. due Have they paid the money due to them? (應(yīng)給予）She is due for promotion soon. (應(yīng)得的)My rent isnt due till Wednesday. (到期的)His book is due to be published in October. (預(yù)定)The teams success