全經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)英語詞匯打?。╓ord）

1、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)英語詞匯1 / 20經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)英語詞匯 1、General terms 一般術(shù)語 economist 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家socialist economy 社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì) capitalist economy 資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì) collectiveeconomy 集體經(jīng)濟(jì) planned economy 計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì) controlled economy 管制經(jīng)濟(jì) ruraleconomics 農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì) liberal economy 自由經(jīng)濟(jì) mixed economy 混合經(jīng)濟(jì) politicaleconomy 政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) protectionism 保護(hù)主義 autarchy 閉關(guān)自守 primary s

2、ector 初級(jí)成分private sector 私營(yíng)成分,私營(yíng)部門 public sector 公共部門,公共成分 economic channels經(jīng)濟(jì)渠道 economic balance 經(jīng)濟(jì)平衡 economic fluctuation 經(jīng)濟(jì)波動(dòng) economicdepression 經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退 economic stability 經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定 economic policy 經(jīng)濟(jì)政策economic recovery 經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)原 understanding 約定 concentration 集中 holdingcompany 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特爾 rate

3、of growth 增長(zhǎng) economic trend經(jīng)濟(jì)趨勢(shì) economic situation 經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì) infrastructure 基本建設(shè) standard of living生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn),生活水平 purchasing power, buying power 購(gòu)買力 scarcity 短缺 stagnation停滯,蕭條,不景氣 underdevelopment 不發(fā)達(dá) underdeveloped 不發(fā)達(dá)的 developing 發(fā)展中的2、Capital 資本 initial capital 創(chuàng)辦資本 frozen capital 凍結(jié)資金 frozenassets 凍結(jié)資產(chǎn) f

4、ixed assets 固定資產(chǎn) real estate 不動(dòng)產(chǎn),房地產(chǎn) circulatingcapital, working capital 流動(dòng)資本 available capital 可用資產(chǎn) capital goods資本貨物 reserve 準(zhǔn)備金,儲(chǔ)備金 calling up of capital 催繳資本 allocation of funds資金分配 contribution of funds 資金捐獻(xiàn) working capital fund 周轉(zhuǎn)基金 revolvingfund 循環(huán)基金,周轉(zhuǎn)性基金 contingency fund 意外開支,準(zhǔn)備金 reserve fu

5、nd 準(zhǔn)備金 bufferfund 緩沖基金,平準(zhǔn)基金 sinking fund 償債基金 investment 投資,資產(chǎn) investor 投資人self-financing 自籌經(jīng)費(fèi),經(jīng)費(fèi)自給 bank 銀行 current account 經(jīng)常帳戶 (美作:checkingaccount) current-account holder 支票帳戶 (美作:checking-account holder)cheque 支票 (美作:check) bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer無記名支票,來人支票 crossed cheque 劃線支票 tra

6、veller's cheque 旅行支票 chequebook支票簿,支票本 (美作:checkbook) endorsement 背書 transfer 轉(zhuǎn)讓,轉(zhuǎn)帳,過戶 money 貨幣issue 發(fā)行 ready money 現(xiàn)錢 cash 現(xiàn)金 ready money business, no creditgiven 現(xiàn)金交易,概不賒欠 change 零錢 banknote, note 鈔票,紙幣 (美作:bill) to pay(in) cash 付現(xiàn)金 domestic currency, local currency 本國(guó)貨幣convertibility 可兌換性 con

7、vertible currencies 可自由兌換貨幣 exchange rate匯率,兌換率 foreign exchange 外匯 floating exchange rate 浮動(dòng)匯率 freeexchange rates 自由匯兌市場(chǎng) foreign exchange certificate 外匯兌換券 hardcurrency 硬通貨 speculation 投機(jī) saving 儲(chǔ)裝,存款 depreciation 減價(jià),貶值devaluation (貨幣)貶值 revaluation 重估價(jià) runaway inflation 無法控制的通貨膨脹deflation 通貨緊縮 cap

8、ital flight 資本外逃 securities business 證券市場(chǎng) stockexchange 股票市場(chǎng) stock exchange corporation 證券交易所 stock exchange證券交易所,股票交易所 quotation 報(bào)價(jià),牌價(jià) share 股份,股票 shareholder, stockholder股票持有人,股東 dividend 股息,紅利 cash dividend 現(xiàn)金配股 stock investment 股票投資investment trust 投資信托 stock-jobber 股票經(jīng)紀(jì)人 stock company, stockbro

9、kerage firm 證券公司 securities 有價(jià)證券 share, common stock 普通股preference stock 優(yōu)先股 income gain 股利收入 issue 發(fā)行股票 par value 股面價(jià)格,票面價(jià)格 bull 買手, 多頭 bear 賣手, 空頭 assigned 過戶 opening price 開盤 closingprice 收盤 hard times 低潮 business recession 景氣衰退 doldrums 景氣停滯 dull盤整 ease 松弛 raising limit 漲停板 break 暴跌 bond, debent

10、ure 債券 WallStreet 華爾街 3、Credit 信貸 short term loan 短期貸款 long term loan長(zhǎng)期貸款 medium term loan 中期貸款 lender 債權(quán)人 creditor 債權(quán)人 debtor 債務(wù)人,借方borrower 借方,借款人 borrowing 借款 interest 利息 rate of interest 利率discount 貼現(xiàn),折扣 rediscount 再貼現(xiàn) annuity 年金 maturity 到期日,償還日amortization 攤銷,攤還,分期償付 redemption 償還 insurance 保險(xiǎn)

11、 mortgage 抵押allotment 撥款 short term credit 短期信貸 consolidated debt 合并債務(wù) fundeddebt 固定債務(wù),長(zhǎng)期債務(wù) floating debt 流動(dòng)債務(wù) drawing 提款,提存 aid 援助 allowance,grant, subsidy 補(bǔ)貼,補(bǔ)助金,津貼 4、Pruduction 生產(chǎn) output 產(chǎn)出,產(chǎn)量producer 生產(chǎn)者,制造者 productive, producing 生產(chǎn)的 products, goods 產(chǎn)品consumer goods 消費(fèi)品 article 物品,商品 manufacture

12、d goods, finished goods制成品,產(chǎn)成品 raw product 初級(jí)產(chǎn)品 semifinished goods 半成品 by-product 副產(chǎn)品foodstuffs 食品 raw material 原料 supply 供應(yīng),補(bǔ)給 input 投入 productivity生產(chǎn)率 productiveness 贏利性 overproduction 生產(chǎn)過剩 5、Expenses 耗費(fèi)cost 成本,費(fèi)用 expenditure, outgoings 開支,支出 fixed costs 固定成本 overheadcosts 營(yíng)業(yè)間接成本 overheads 雜項(xiàng)開支,間接

13、成本 operating costs 生產(chǎn)費(fèi)用,營(yíng)業(yè)成本operating expenses 營(yíng)業(yè)費(fèi)用 running expenses 日常費(fèi)用,經(jīng)營(yíng)費(fèi)用 miscellaneouscosts 雜項(xiàng)費(fèi)用 overhead expenses 間接費(fèi)用,管理費(fèi)用 upkeep costs, maintenancecosts 維修費(fèi)用,養(yǎng)護(hù)費(fèi)用 transport costs 運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用 social charges 社會(huì)負(fù)擔(dān)費(fèi)用contingent expenses, contingencies 或有費(fèi)用 apportionment of expenses分?jǐn)傎M(fèi)用 6、Profit 利潤(rùn) inco

14、me 收入,收益 earnings 利潤(rùn),收益 gross income,gross earnings 總收入,總收益 gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,總利潤(rùn),利益毛額 netincome 純收益,凈收入,收益凈額 average income 平均收入 national income 國(guó)民收入profitability, profit earning capacity 利潤(rùn)率,贏利率 yield 產(chǎn)量收益,收益率increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值 7、taxes 稅 duty 稅taxation system 稅制 tax

15、ation 征稅,納稅 fiscal charges 財(cái)務(wù)稅收 progressivetaxation 累進(jìn)稅制 graduated tax 累進(jìn)稅 value added tax 增值稅 income tax 所得稅land tax 地租,地價(jià)稅 excise tax 特許權(quán)稅 basis of assessment 估稅標(biāo)準(zhǔn) taxableincome 須納稅的收入 fiscality 檢查 tax-free 免稅的 tax exemption 免稅 taxpayer納稅人 tax collector 收稅員 8、Internal economic and trade orgnizatio

16、n國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)與貿(mào)易組織 China Council for the Promotion of InternationalTrade, C.C.P.I.T. 中國(guó)國(guó)際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委員會(huì) National Council for US-China Trade美中貿(mào)易全國(guó)理事會(huì) Japan-China Economic Association 日中經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)會(huì) Association forthe Promotion of International Trade,Japan 日本國(guó)際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)會(huì) BritishCouncil for the Promotion of International Trade 英國(guó)

17、國(guó)際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委員會(huì)International Chamber of Commerce 國(guó)際商會(huì) International Union ofMarine Insurance 國(guó)際海洋運(yùn)輸保險(xiǎn)協(xié)會(huì) International Alumina Association國(guó)際鋁礬土協(xié)會(huì) Universal Postal Union, UPU 萬國(guó)郵政聯(lián)盟 Customs Co-operationCouncil, CCC 關(guān)稅合作理事會(huì) United Nations Trade and Development Board聯(lián)合國(guó)貿(mào)易與發(fā)展理事會(huì) Organization for Economic coope

18、ration and Development,DECD 經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與開發(fā)組織 European Economic Community, EEC, European CommonMarket 歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體 European Free Trade Association, EFTA 歐洲自由貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 歐洲自由貿(mào)易區(qū) Council for Mutual EconomicAid, CMEA 經(jīng)濟(jì)互助委員會(huì) Eurogroup 歐洲集團(tuán) Group of Ten 十國(guó)集團(tuán) Committee ofTwenty(Paris Club) 二十國(guó)委

19、員會(huì) Coordinating Committee, COCOM 巴黎統(tǒng)籌委員會(huì)Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-Trade Association,CARIFTA 加勒比共同市場(chǎng)（加勒比自由貿(mào)易同盟） Andeans Common Market, ACM, AndeansTreaty Organization, ATO 安第斯共同市場(chǎng) Latin American Free TradeAssociation, LAFTA 拉丁美洲自由貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟 Central American Common Market, CACM中美洲共同市場(chǎng) Afr

20、ican and Malagasy Common Organization, OCAM 非洲與馬爾加什共同組織East African Common Market, EACM 東非共同市場(chǎng) Central African Customs andEconomic Union, CEUCA 中非關(guān)稅經(jīng)濟(jì)同盟 West African Economic Community,WAEC 西非經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries,OPEC 石油輸出國(guó)組織 Organization of Arab Petroleum Exportin

21、g Countries,OAPEC 阿拉伯石油輸出國(guó)組織 Commonwealth Preference Area 英聯(lián)邦特惠區(qū) CentreNational du Commerce Exterieur, National Center of External Trade法國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易中心 People's Bank of China 中國(guó)人民銀行 Bank of China 中國(guó)銀行International Bank for Reconstruction and development, IBRD國(guó)際復(fù)興開發(fā)銀行 World Bank 世界銀行 International Devel

22、opment association, IDA國(guó)際開發(fā)協(xié)會(huì) International Monetary Found Agreement 國(guó)際貨幣基金協(xié)定International Monetary Found, IMF 國(guó)際貨幣基金組織 European Economic andMonetary Union 歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)與貨幣同盟 European Monetary Cooperation Fund歐洲貨幣合作基金 Bank for International Settlements, BIS 國(guó)際結(jié)算銀行 AfricanDevelopment Bank, AFDB 非洲開發(fā)銀行 Export-

23、Import Bank of Washington美國(guó)進(jìn)出口銀行 National city Bank of New York 花旗銀行 American OrientalBanking Corporation 美豐銀行 American Express Co. Inc. 美國(guó)萬國(guó)寶通銀行 TheChase Bank 大通銀行 Inter-American Development Bank, IDB 泛美開發(fā)銀行European Investment Bank, EIB 歐洲投資銀行 Midland Bank,Ltd. 米蘭銀行 UnitedBank of Switzerland 瑞士聯(lián)合銀行

24、 Dresden Bank A.G. 德累斯敦銀行 Bank ofTokyo,Ltd. 東京銀行 Hongkong and Shanghai Corporation 香港匯豐銀行International Finance Corporation, IFC 國(guó)際金融公司 La CommunauteFinancieve Africane 非洲金融共同體 Economic and Social Council, ECOSOC聯(lián)合國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)及社會(huì)理事會(huì) United Nations Development Program, NUDP 聯(lián)合國(guó)開發(fā)計(jì)劃署United Nations Capital Devel

25、opment Fund, UNCDF 聯(lián)合國(guó)資本開發(fā)基金 UnitedNations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDO 聯(lián)合國(guó)工業(yè)發(fā)展組織 UnitedNations Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD 聯(lián)合國(guó)貿(mào)易與發(fā)展會(huì)議 Foodand Agricultural Organization, FAO 糧食與農(nóng)業(yè)組織, 糧農(nóng)組織 EconomicCommission for Europe, ECE 歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì) Economic Commission for LatinAmerica, E

26、CLA 拉丁美洲經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì) Economic Commission for Asia and Far East,ECAFE 亞洲及遠(yuǎn)東經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì) Economic Commission for Western Asia, ECWA 西亞經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)Economic Commission for Africa, ECA 非洲經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì) Overseas ChineseInvestment Company 華僑投資公司 New York Stock Exchange, NYSE 紐約證券交易所London Stock Market 倫敦股票市場(chǎng) Baltic Mercantile and Shipp

27、ing Exchange波羅的海商業(yè)和航運(yùn)交易所 Aaccounting 會(huì)計(jì)accounting cost 會(huì)計(jì)成本 accounting profit 會(huì)計(jì)利潤(rùn) adverse selection 逆向選擇 allocation 配置 allocation of resources 資源配置 allocative efficiency 配置效率antitrust legislation 反托拉斯法 arc elasticity 弧彈性 Arrow's impossibility theorem 阿羅不可能定理 Assumption 假設(shè) asymetric information

28、非對(duì)稱性信息 average 平均 average cost 平均成本 average cost pricing 平均成本定價(jià)法 average fixed cost 平均固定成本 average product of capital 資本平均產(chǎn)量 average product of labour 勞動(dòng)平均產(chǎn)量 average revenue 平均收益 average total cost 平均總成本 average variable cost 平均可變成本 Bbarriers to entry 進(jìn)入壁壘base year 基年bilateral monopoly 雙邊壟斷benefit 收

29、益black market 黑市bliss point 極樂點(diǎn)boundary point 邊界點(diǎn)break even point 收支相抵點(diǎn)budget 預(yù)算budget constraint 預(yù)算約束budget line 預(yù)算線budget set 預(yù)算集Ccapital 資本capital stock 資本存量capital output ratio 資本產(chǎn)出比率capitalism 資本主義cardinal utility theory 基數(shù)效用論cartel 卡特爾ceteris puribus assumption “其他條件不變”的假設(shè)ceteris puribus deman

30、d curve 其他因素不變的需求曲線Chamberlin model 張伯倫模型change in demand 需求變化change in quantity demanded 需求量變化change in quantity supplied 供給量變化change in supply 供給變化 choice 選擇closed set 閉集Coase theorem 科斯定理CobbDouglas production function 柯布-道格拉斯生產(chǎn)函數(shù)cobweb model 蛛網(wǎng)模型collective bargaining 集體協(xié)議工資 collusion 合謀command e

31、conomy 指令經(jīng)濟(jì) commodity 商品commodity combination 商品組合 commodity market 商品市場(chǎng)commodity space 商品空間common property 公用財(cái)產(chǎn) comparative static analysis 比較靜態(tài)分析compensated budget line 補(bǔ)償預(yù)算線compensated demand function 補(bǔ)償需求函數(shù) compensation principles 補(bǔ)償原則 compensating variation in income 收入補(bǔ)償變量competition 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)competi

32、tive market 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性市場(chǎng)complement goods 互補(bǔ)品 complete information 完全信息completeness 完備性condition for efficiency in exchange 交換的最優(yōu)條件condition for efficiency in production 生產(chǎn)的最優(yōu)條件concave 凹concave function 凹函數(shù)concave preference 凹偏好consistence 一致性constant cost industry 成本不變產(chǎn)業(yè)constant returns to scale 規(guī)模報(bào)酬不變cons

33、traints 約束consumer 消費(fèi)者consumer behavior 消費(fèi)者行為consumer choice 消費(fèi)者選擇consumer equilibrium 消費(fèi)者均衡consumer optimization 消費(fèi)者優(yōu)化consumer preference 消費(fèi)者偏好consumer surplus 消費(fèi)者剩余consumer theory 消費(fèi)者理論consumption 消費(fèi)consumption bundle 消費(fèi)束consumption combination 消費(fèi)組合consumption possibility curve 消費(fèi)可能曲線consumption p

34、ossibility frontier 消費(fèi)可能性前沿consumption set 消費(fèi)集consumption space 消費(fèi)空間continuity 連續(xù)性continuous function 連續(xù)函數(shù)contract curve 契約曲線 convex 凸 convex function 凸函數(shù) convex preference 凸偏好 convex set 凸集 corporatlon 公司 cost 成本 cost benefit analysis 成本收益分 cost function 成本函數(shù) cost minimization 成本極小化 Cournot equilih

35、rium 古諾均衡 Cournot model 古諾模型Crossprice elasticity 交叉價(jià)格彈性 Ddeadweights loss 重負(fù)損失 decreasing cost industry 成本遞減產(chǎn)業(yè) decreasing returns to scale 規(guī)模報(bào)酬遞減deduction 演繹法demand 需求demand curve 需求曲線demand elasticity 需求彈性demand function 需求函數(shù)demand price 需求價(jià)格demand schedule 需求表depreciation 折舊derivative 導(dǎo)數(shù)derive de

36、mand 派生需求difference equation 差分方程differential equation 微分方程differentiated good 差異商品differentiated oligoply 差異寡頭diminishing marginal substitution 邊際替代率遞減diminishing marginal return 收益遞減diminishing marginal utility 邊際效用遞減direct approach 直接法direct taxes 直接稅discounting 貼稅、折扣diseconomies of scale 規(guī)模不經(jīng)濟(jì)di

37、sequilibrium 非均衡 distribution 分配division of labour 勞動(dòng)分工distribution theory of marginal productivity 邊際生產(chǎn)率分配論duoupoly 雙頭壟斷、雙寡duality 對(duì)偶durable goods 耐用品 dynamic analysis 動(dòng)態(tài)分析dynamic models 動(dòng)態(tài)模型EEconomic agents 經(jīng)濟(jì)行為者economic cost 經(jīng)濟(jì)成本economic efficiency 經(jīng)濟(jì)效率economic goods 經(jīng)濟(jì)物品economic man 經(jīng)濟(jì)人economic

38、mode 經(jīng)濟(jì)模型economic profit 經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤(rùn)economic region of production 生產(chǎn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)域economic regulation 經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)節(jié)economic rent 經(jīng)濟(jì)租金 exchange 交換economics 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)exchange efficiency 交換效率economy 經(jīng)濟(jì)exchange contract curve 交換契約曲線economy of scale 規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì) Edgeworth box diagram 埃奇沃思圖exclusion 排斥性、排他性Edgeworth contract curve 埃奇沃思契約線Edgew

39、orth model 埃奇沃思模型efficiency 效率，效益efficiency parameter 效率參數(shù)elasticity 彈性elasticity of substitution 替代彈性endogenous variable 內(nèi)生變量endowment 稟賦endowment of resources 資源稟賦Engel curve 恩格爾曲線entrepreneur 企業(yè)家entrepreneurship 企業(yè)家才能entry barriers 進(jìn)入壁壘entry/exit decision 進(jìn)出決策envolope curve 包絡(luò)線equilibrium 均衡equil

40、ibrium condition 均衡條件equilibrium price 均衡價(jià)格equilibrium quantity 均衡產(chǎn)量eqity 公平equivalent variation in income 收入等價(jià)變量excesscapacity theorem 過度生產(chǎn)能力定理excess supply 過度供給exchange 交換exchange contract curve 交換契約曲線exclusion 排斥性、排他性exclusion principle 排他性原則existence 存在性existence of general equilibrium 總體均衡的存在性e

41、xogenous variables 外生變量expansion paths 擴(kuò)展徑expectation 期望expected utility 期望效用expected value 期望值expenditure 支出explicit cost 顯性成本external benefit 外部收益external cost 外部成本external economy 外部經(jīng)濟(jì)external diseconomy 外部不經(jīng)濟(jì)externalities 外部性F Factor 要素factor demand 要素需求factor market 要素市場(chǎng)factors of production 生產(chǎn)

42、要素factor substitution 要素替代factor supply 要素供給fallacy of composition 合成謬誤final goods 最終產(chǎn)品firm 企業(yè)firmsdemand curve for labor 企業(yè)勞動(dòng)需求曲線firm supply curve 企業(yè)供給曲線first-degree price discrimination 第一級(jí)價(jià)格歧視 firstorder condition 一階條件fixed costs 固定成本fixed input 固定投入fixed proportions production function 固定比例的生產(chǎn)函數(shù)

43、flow 流量fluctuation 波動(dòng)for whom to produce 為誰生產(chǎn)free entry 自由進(jìn)入free goods 自由品，免費(fèi)品free mobility of resources 資源自由流動(dòng)free rider 搭便車，免費(fèi)搭車function 函數(shù) future value 未來值Ggame theory 對(duì)策論、博弈論general equilibrium 總體均衡general goods 一般商品Giffen goods 吉芬晶 收入補(bǔ)償需求曲線Giffen's Paradox 吉芬之謎 Gini coefficient 吉尼系數(shù) goldenr

44、ule 黃金規(guī)則 goods 貨物 government failure 政府失敗 government regulation 政府調(diào)控grand utility possibility curve 總效用可能曲線grand utility possibility frontier 總效用可能前沿Hheterogeneous product 異質(zhì)產(chǎn)品Hickskaldor welfare criterion 希克斯一卡爾多福利標(biāo)準(zhǔn)homogeneity 齊次性homogeneous demand function 齊次需求函數(shù)homogeneous product 同質(zhì)產(chǎn)品homogeneou

45、s production function 齊次生產(chǎn)函數(shù)horizontal summation 水平和household 家庭how to produce 如何生產(chǎn)human capital 人力資本hypothesis 假說 I identity 恒等式imperfect competion 不完全競(jìng)爭(zhēng)implicitcost 隱性成本income 收入income compensated demand curveincome constraint 收入約束income consumption curve 收入消費(fèi)曲線income distribution 收入分配income effec

46、t 收入效應(yīng)income elasticity of demand 需求收入彈性increasing cost industry 成本遞增產(chǎn)業(yè)increasing returns to scale 規(guī)模報(bào)酬遞增inefficiency 缺乏效率index number 指數(shù)indifference 無差異indifference curve 無差異曲線indifference map 無差異族indifference relation 無差異關(guān)系indifference set 無差異集indirect approach 間接法 individual analysis 個(gè)量分析individu

47、al demand curve 個(gè)人需求曲線individual demand function 個(gè)人需求函數(shù)induced variable 引致變量induction 歸納法industry 產(chǎn)業(yè)industry equilibrium 產(chǎn)業(yè)均衡industry supply curve 產(chǎn)業(yè)供給曲線inelastic 缺乏彈性的inferior goods 劣品inflection point 拐點(diǎn)information 信息information cost 信息成本initial condition 初始條件initial endowment 初始稟賦innovation 創(chuàng)新inpu

48、t 投入inputoutput 投入產(chǎn)出institution 制度institutional economics 制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)insurance 保險(xiǎn)intercept 截距interest 利息interest rate 利息率intermediate goods 中間產(chǎn)品internatization of externalities 外部性內(nèi)部化invention 發(fā)明inverse demand function 逆需求函數(shù)investment 投資invisible hand 看不見的手isocost line 等成本線，isoprofit curve 等利潤(rùn)曲線isoquant c

49、urve 等產(chǎn)量曲線isoquant map 等產(chǎn)量族Kkindeddemand curve 彎折的需求曲線Llabour 勞動(dòng)labour demand 勞動(dòng)需求labour supply 勞動(dòng)供給labour theory of value 勞動(dòng)價(jià)值論labour unions 工會(huì)laissez faire 自由放任Lagrangian function 拉格朗日函數(shù)Lagrangian multiplier 拉格朗乘數(shù)，land 土地law 法則 law of demand and supply 供需法 law of diminishing marginal utility 邊際效用遞

50、減法則law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution 邊際替代率遞減法則law of diminishing marginal rate of technical substitution 邊際技術(shù)替代率law of increasing cost 成本遞增法則law of one price 單一價(jià)格法則leaderfollower model 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者-跟隨者模型leastcost combination of inputs 最低成本的投入組合leisure 閑暇Leontief production function 列昂節(jié)夫生產(chǎn)函數(shù)lic

51、enses 許可證linear demand function 線性需求函數(shù)linear homogeneity 線性齊次性linear homogeneous production function 線性齊次生產(chǎn)函數(shù)long run長(zhǎng)期long run average cost 長(zhǎng)期平均成本long run equilibrium 長(zhǎng)期均衡long run industry supply curve 長(zhǎng)期產(chǎn)業(yè)供給曲線long run marginal cost 長(zhǎng)期邊際成本long run total cost 長(zhǎng)期總成本Lorenz curve 洛倫茲曲線loss minimization

52、 損失極小化1ump sum tax 一次性征稅luxury 奢侈品Mmacroeconomics 宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)marginal 邊際的marginal benefit 邊際收益marginal cost 邊際成本marginal cost pricing 邊際成本定價(jià)marginal cost of factor 邊際要素成本marginal period 市場(chǎng)期marginal physical productivity 實(shí)際實(shí)物生產(chǎn)率marginal product 邊際產(chǎn)量marginal product of capital 資本的邊際產(chǎn)量marginal product of 1ab

53、our 勞動(dòng)的邊際產(chǎn)量marginal productivity 邊際生產(chǎn)率marginal rate of substitution 邊替代率marginal rate of transformation 邊際轉(zhuǎn)換率marginal returns 邊際回報(bào)marginal revenue 邊際收益marginal revenue product 邊際收益產(chǎn)品marginal revolution 邊際革命marginal social benefit 社會(huì)邊際收益marginal social cost 社會(huì)邊際成本marginal utility 邊際效用marginal value p

54、roducts 邊際價(jià)值產(chǎn)品market 市場(chǎng)market clearance 市場(chǎng)結(jié)清，市場(chǎng)洗清market demand 市場(chǎng)需求market economy 市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)market equilibrium 市場(chǎng)均衡market failure 市場(chǎng)失敗market mechanism 市場(chǎng)機(jī)制market structure 市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)market separation 市場(chǎng)分割market regulation 市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)market share 市場(chǎng)份額markup pricing 加減定價(jià)法Marshallian demand function 馬歇爾需求函數(shù)maximization 極

55、大化microeconomics 微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)minimum wage 最低工資misallocation of resources 資源誤置mixed economy 混合經(jīng)濟(jì)model 模型money 貨幣monopolistic competition 壟斷競(jìng)爭(zhēng)monopolistic exploitation 壟斷剝削monopoly 壟斷，賣方壟斷monopoly equilibrium 壟斷均衡monopoly pricing 壟斷定價(jià)monopoly regulation 壟斷調(diào)控monopoly rents 壟斷租金monopsony 買方壟斷NNash equilibrium

56、納什均衡Natural monopoly 自然壟斷Natural resources 自然資源Necessary condition 必要條件necessities 必需品net demand 凈需求nonconvex preference 非凸性偏好nonconvexity 非凸性nonexclusion 非排斥性nonlinear pricing 非線性定價(jià)nonrivalry 非對(duì)抗性nonprice competition 非價(jià)格競(jìng)爭(zhēng)nonsatiation 非飽和性non-zerosum game 非零和對(duì)策normal goods 正常品normal profit 正常利潤(rùn)normative ec