輪機(jī)英語(yǔ)關(guān)聯(lián)題題庫(kù)整理91篇(帶翻譯)

1、.Passage 1 （原題庫(kù)第1篇） Valve drive mechanism The valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing. 第3題The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (8) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (7), two tubular push rods (4) with ball

2、 joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (5) and a yoke guide pins. See Fig. 4-1. The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms. 第4題The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust va

3、lves through yokes (5). Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine's secondary oil supply manifold throughdrillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket. 第2題The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roll

4、er and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger. 第4題To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke.第1題All adjustments have to be done on a cold engine only.1. According to the Passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is _.A. before t

5、he engine is started B. when the engine is runningC. after the engine has just been stopped D. when something has gone wrong with the engine注：根據(jù)文章來(lái)看，調(diào)節(jié)閥間隙的最好時(shí)間是在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)啟動(dòng)之前。2. The roller and the tappet assembly are lubricated by means of_.A. the main lube system B. the secondary oil systemC. the special

6、 pumping system D. the turbine oil system注：滾輪和挺桿組件借助于主潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)潤(rùn)滑。3. According to the Passage, the valve drive mechanism does not include_.A. tappet rollers B. push rods C. nodular cast iron D. yokes and guide pins注：根據(jù)文章來(lái)看，閥驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)不包括球墨鑄鐵。（包括挺桿滾輪、頂桿、吊梁和導(dǎo)銷(xiāo)）4. To close valves tightly, which clearance should b

7、e inspected according to the maintenance schedule?A. The one between the cam and the tappet roller. B. The one between the push rods and the ban joints.C. The one between the rocker arms and the yoke D. The one between two tubular push rods.注：依據(jù)保養(yǎng)清單，要緊密的關(guān)閉閥件，應(yīng)檢查搖臂和吊梁之間的間隙。Passage 2 （原題庫(kù)第3篇） Charge a

8、ir coolerThe engine is equipped with a charge air cooler. The insert type charge air cooler is mounted in a welded casing (air trunk). The trunk is bolted to the engine block. 第1題Standard is a two-stage cooler mounted. The first stage, through which the charge air flows, is cooled with water from th

9、e HT cooling system and cooks the charge air till approx. 90 100oC. The second stage is supplied with water coming from the LT water system and cooks the charge air further till the required temperature of approx. 50oC. 第2題(B)By controlling the water flow through the LT cooler the charge air tempera

10、ture can be kept constant at the required temperature. The circulating coolant water should always be under positive pressure and should be as clean as possible. The operating air temperature should be maintained by controlling the coolant inlet temperature. Whilst the engine is running the air and

11、coolant temperatures and pressures at inlet and outlet should be checked and logged periodically. 第3題 Variations from normal indicate faults developing such as fouling of the film plates or obstruction of the water tubes.第4題Check daily, during operation of the engine, the working of the telltale hol

12、e at the free end of the charge air receiver. The function of this hole is to inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiver. Under normal condition only compressed air should escape from this hole.1. According to the Passage, the expression "HT" probably means_.A. HI

13、GH TANK B. HIGH TEMPERATURE C. HEAT TRANSMISSION D. HEAT TRANSFER注：根據(jù)文章來(lái)看, "HT"的意思是：high temperature，高溫。2. In order to maintain the change air temperature we should control_.A. the coolant inlet temperature coming from the first stage coolerB. the coolant flow coming from the second stage

14、coolerC. the coolant outlet temperature coming from the second stage coolerD. the coolant flow coming from the flint stage cooler注：為維持增壓空氣的溫度，我們應(yīng)控制來(lái)自第二級(jí)冷卻器的冷卻劑流量。3. The charge air temperature departing from normal may indicate that_.A. condensate can be formedB. only compressed air should escape fro

15、m the telltaleC. the film plates are becoming dirty or the water tubes are blocked by scaleD. cooling water may have been carried into the cylinders注：增壓空氣溫度偏離正常表明鍍膜變臟或水管被水垢堵塞。4. The function of the telltale hole is to_.A. detect whether compressed air has escaped from the holeB. control the coolant

16、inlet temperatureC. determine whether the coolant water is under positive pressureD. inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiver注：警報(bào)孔或監(jiān)視孔的作用是同志作業(yè)員掃氣箱中有水。 telltale hole監(jiān)視孔，指示孔，警報(bào)孔； charge air receiver. 掃氣箱Passage 3 （原題庫(kù)第6篇） 第1題 At the first start, listen carefully for possibl

17、e jarring sounds. If anything is suspected, stop the engine immediately, otherwise stop the engine after 5 minutes' idling. Check at least the temperatures of the main and big end bearings and of all other bearings which have been opened. Make visual inspection from below to the cylinder liners

18、and piston skirts which have been opened. If everything is in order, restart.第4題(A) Check that there is no leakage of gas, water, fuel or lubricating oil. Especially observe the fuel lines, HP fuel pumps and injectors. 第4題(B) Watch the quantities emerging from the leak oil pipes! Check that the star

19、ting air manifold is not hot at any cylinder (leaky starting valve may cause explosion! After overhaul, the following instructions are important: - check pressure and temperature gauges. - check the automatic alarm and stop devices. - check the pressure drop over the fuel filter and lubricating oil

20、filter.第2題(C) - check the oil level in the oil sump/oil tank. 第2題(D) Estimate the condition of the oil. - check the de-aerating of the engine circulating water system.第2題(A) - check the quantity of fuel leak. 第4題(C) - check the telltale holes for leaks.- check the circulating water quality第2題(B) - c

21、heck the cylinder pressures. - listen for jarring sounds. - check the crankcase pressure. - check the starting air manifold. Running-in is mainly intended to let piston rings "wear" to fit properly in the cylinder liner. 第3題(D) Do not continuously run at constant load during the running -i

22、n process (Fig. 4-4). It is important to vary the load several times. The ring grooves in the piston will have a different tilting angle at each load and consequently the piston ring has a different contact line to the cylinder liner wall.1. Paragraph 1 tells us that_.A. If we hear vibration sounds,

23、 we should stop the engine quickly, or allow it to operate at low speed for 5 minutes, then stop it and check everythingB. If we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, otherwise the engine will be stopped automatically after 5 minutesC. If we hear explosion sounds we should stop t

24、he engine then check everythingD. if we hear surging sounds, we should stop the engine immediately otherwise after 5 minutes the engine will be destroyed注：從第一段可知，如果聽(tīng)到震動(dòng)聲，應(yīng)快速停車(chē)，或讓它低速運(yùn)行5分鐘，然后停車(chē)并檢查所有部件。2. After overhaul, following instructions are important except_.A. release air from the engine circul

25、ating water systemB. treat the circulating water if necessaryC. make sure the pressure drop is enough besides the fuel filterD. make sure the quantity of lube oil meets the requirement注：檢修之后，確保除了燃油過(guò)濾器以外的壓降足夠大的指令不重要。besides=in addition to 除了以外，還3. After piston overhaul, the running-in process should

26、be carried out_.A. periodically at steady load B. occasionally at various loadC. continually at constant load D. continually at various load注：活塞檢修之后，磨合過(guò)程應(yīng)在各種負(fù)載狀態(tài)下連續(xù)進(jìn)行。4. When dealing with engine troubles, _.A. no leakage of lubricating oil should be checked.B. quantities of oil emerging from the lea

27、k oil pipes must be watchedC. quality of the leak oil must be watchedD. the number of the leaking fuel lines should be checked注：處理發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)故障時(shí)，一定要觀察在漏油管路中出現(xiàn)的油量。Passage 4 （原題庫(kù)第18篇） 第2題 The cooling water in the HT (high temperature) circuit cools the cylinder liners, cylinder heads and turbocharger. From th

28、e pump water is supplied to the engine manifold which is cast in the engine block. From the manifold the water is distributed to all cylinder liner sections and from each liner upwards through the cooling water channels in the liner collars. From the liner collars further into the cylinder heads. In

29、 the cylinder head the water is forced by an intermediate deck to flow along the flame plate, around the valves to the exhaust valve seats and up along the fuel injector sleeve. From the cylinder head the water is discharged via a connection piece into the discharge manifold.第3題 The return water fro

30、m the cylinder heads and turbocharger is supplied to the HT air cooler. In the first stage of this cooler, most of the heat from the charge air is extracted.第1題The LT circuit water cools the charge air in the second stage. The necessary cooling for the LT water is gained from a central cooler. By co

31、ntrolling the LT water temperature to the inter-cooler the correct charge air temperature can be obtained.For preheating purposes, a heater circuit with a pump and heater are connected in the HT circuit before the engine. 第4題 Before starting, the HT circuit is heated till about 60oC by a separate he

32、ater. The preheating of the engine is, prior of starting up and loading on HFO, of utmost importance.1. From the Passage we know that the charge air temperature was controlled by_.A. sea water from a central cooler B. fresh water from a central coolerC. fresh water from a HT circuit D. fresh water f

33、rom the LT circuit注：從文章來(lái)看，我們了解到增壓空氣溫度由來(lái)自低溫回路的淡水控制。2. The cooling water to cool the engine was forced_.A. into the cylinder block and then upwards into the cylinder headB. into the cylinder intermediate section and then upwards into the cylinder headC. into the cylinder head and then downwards into t

34、he cylinder blockD. into the cylinder ends and then further into the cylinder intermediate注：冷卻發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的冷卻水被迫進(jìn)入汽缸體然后向上進(jìn)入汽缸頭（缸蓋）3. After the charge air is discharged into the HT air cooler, _.A. the charge air temperature will become higher B. the charge air temperature will become lowerC. the HT water tem

35、perature will remain constant D. the HT water temperature will become lower注：增壓空氣排入高溫空冷器后，增壓空氣溫度變低。4. Which of the following devices may be used to warm the engine prior to starting?A. A high temperature cooling water system B. A low temperature cooling water systemC. A central cooler D. The second

36、stage cooler注：高溫冷卻水系統(tǒng)在啟動(dòng)之前用于暖機(jī)。Passage 5 （原題庫(kù)第19篇）Starting air systemThe engine is started with compressed air of max 30 bar. Minimum pressure required is 15 bar. A pressure transmitter PI301 mounted on the starting air line before the main starting valve has an indicator in the instrument panel. 第3

37、題The supply line from the starting air bottles is provided with a non return valve and a drain valve.The solenoid valve is electrical (remote control) or manual (on the engine) operated and send after activation a pilot air signal to the main starting air valve. Interruption of the control air doses

38、 the main starting air valve.第1題（ After the main starting air valve is activated the air flows through the flame attesters to the starting air valves in the cylinder heads. Part of the air flows via the starting air distributor to each of the starting air valves in the cylinder heads. The starting a

39、ir distributor controls the timing of opening and closing of the starting air valves.第2題 On the moment the main starting air valve is operated also the governor booster is energized. ）The main starting air line is provided of a safety valve.第4題 Interlock valve is a safety device to avoid an engine s

40、tart with engaged turning gear.1. As the engine is started with compressed air, the correct sequence of the following devices being activated is_.(1) solenoid valve; (2) starting air valve; (3) starting air distributor; (4) main starting air valve; (5)governor booster.A. (1), (5), (4), (2), (3) B. (

41、1), (4), (5), (3), (2) C. (1), (4), (3), (2), (5) D. (4), (3), (1), (2), (5)注：從括號(hào)部分總結(jié)出，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)由壓縮空氣啟動(dòng)時(shí)，裝置被觸發(fā)的順序是：電磁閥、主啟動(dòng)閥、調(diào)速器升壓器、啟動(dòng)空氣分配器、啟動(dòng)空氣閥。2. The sentence "the governor booster is energized" (paragraph3) probably means_.A. the governor booster is supplied with electric powerB. hydraulic oi

42、l is pumped into the governor boosterC. the governor starts to work before starting the engineD. the governor booster is supplied with pressurized air before starting the engine注：句子“ 調(diào)速器升壓器被提供能量”大概意思是：?jiǎn)?dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)之前，調(diào)速器升壓器被提供增壓空氣。3. Which of the following components are attached to the air bottles?A. a pre

43、ssure transmitter PT 301 B. a non-return valve and a drain valveC. a solenoid valve D. a starting air distributor注：答案應(yīng)為B。連到空氣瓶的部件是：止回閥和放殘閥。4. When the engine is engaged with turning gear, _ can keep the engine from startingA. the control air B. the solenoid valve C. the main starting air valve D. th

44、e interlock valve注：發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)由盤(pán)車(chē)機(jī)嚙合時(shí)，連鎖閥可防止發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)啟動(dòng)。Passage 6 （原題庫(kù)第20篇） Starting air distributor第1題The starting air distributor is of the piston type with precision machined inter changeable liners. The liners as well as the pilot pistons are of corrosion resistant materials.第3題 The pilot pistons are controll

45、ed by a cam connected to the camshaft end. When the main starting valve opens, the pilot pistons axe pressed onto the cam, whereby the pilot piston for the engine cylinder which is in starting position admits control air to the main piston of the starting valve. 第2題The starting air valve opens and a

46、dmits compressed air into the engine cylinder forcing that piston down. Shortly before the exhaust valves are opened the pilot valve interrupts the control air to the starting air valve and starting air to that cylinder is stopped. This procedure will be repeated as long as the main starting valve i

47、s activated or until the engine speed is so high that the engine fires. After the main starting air valve is closed, the main starting air system is de-aerated, the pressure drops quickly and the springs will lift the pilot plungers off the cam. This means that the pilot plungers touch the cam only

48、during the starting process and thus wear is insignificant. If a pilot liner is worn out, press it out. It may be necessary to heat the distributor up till about200oC as Loctite is used for fixing and sealing.1. According to the Passage, the liners of the starting air distributor_.A. can be replaced

49、 when worn out B. are made of heat resistant materialsC. are welded precisely D. are worn out easily during the starting process注：根據(jù)文章來(lái)看，啟動(dòng)空氣分配器的襯套磨壞時(shí)，可更換。changeable可更換的2. During the starting process, when _, the main starting air valve is closed.A. the exhaust valves in the starting cylinder are op

50、ened B. the pilot air to the starting air valve is stoppedC. the engine speed reaches fire speed D. the pilot pistons are pressed onto the cam注：?jiǎn)?dòng)過(guò)程中，當(dāng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速達(dá)到發(fā)火轉(zhuǎn)速時(shí)，主啟動(dòng)空氣閥關(guān)閉。3. When some cylinder of the engine admits compressed air into it, the pilot piston of the starting air distributor should be_A

51、. separated from the cam B. pressed onto the camC. lifted off the cam D. pressed onto the cam repeatedly注：當(dāng)部分汽缸允許壓縮空氣進(jìn)入時(shí)，啟動(dòng)空氣分配器的先導(dǎo)活塞被壓到凸輪上。4. From the Passage we know that "Loctite" is probably_A. a type of gasket B. a kind of lubricant C. a glue bond D. an anti-corrosion additive注：從文章當(dāng)中我

52、們了解到，"Loctite"可能是一種粘合劑。glue bond;粘合劑Passage 7 （原題庫(kù)第21篇） Maintenance and overhauling第1題Satisfactory and proper operation of the engine depends not only on correct manoeuvring but also on how well it is kept in order. Regular maintenance of the engine helps a lot in preventing early wear of

53、parts and in ensuring a long service as well as the working efficiency of the engine. Instruction books are to be referred to whenever necessary.The individual parts of the engine should be inspected and thoroughly cleaned at regular intervals. 第2題The periods for such overhaul work depend largely on

54、 the quality of the lubricating oil and fuel, on the load and on the efficiency of the operator in locating troubles and remedying them in time.All pipes should be pressure-relieved before the repair work is started. Read the pressure gauges and/or check the pipes by carefully loosening the screw pl

55、ugs or connections.第3題If some parts of the running gear are dismantled, before using the turning gear, make sure that no loose parts are jammed in the crankcase where it is easy for them to cause damage. During dismantling work, lubrication lines and orifices must to be sealed off. The pistons, as a

56、 rule, should be dismantled after a period of operation and cleaned with the piston rings renewed if necessary. 第4題If the piston rod stuffing box is carefully handled and thoroughly greased, it requires overhaul only when the piston is removed. In such a case, the gap clearance of the sealing rings

57、and fire rings must be reset to the original value and the worn-out parts replaced.1. To keep the engine working properly, _.A. everyday maintenance is necessary B. it must be handled with instruction books in handC. engine parts should be kept in order D. it should be manoeuvred correctly and maintained at regular intervals注：為保持發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)良好工作，他應(yīng)該正確的操縱并定期保養(yǎng)。2. The periods for overhaul mainly depe