初中英語時態(tài)超好講解

1、動詞的時態(tài)動詞的時態(tài)初中英語語法（初中英語語法（1 1） 萬道凱萬道凱動詞的時態(tài)結構歌謠動詞的時態(tài)結構歌謠一般現(xiàn)在時，一般現(xiàn)在時，動詞用原型；動詞用原型；一般時一般時單數(shù)三人稱，單數(shù)三人稱，動詞加動詞加“s” s” 。一般過去時，一般過去時，動詞加動詞加“ed”ed”。I work.He works. I worked.現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時, ,進行時進行時例句：例句：I am working.過去進行時過去進行時, ,am,is,are,-ingam,is,are,-ing。was,were,-ingwas,were,-ing。例句：例句：I was working.將來時將來時一般將來時，

2、一般將來時，wouldwould加原型。加原型。過去將來時，過去將來時，willwill加原型。加原型。I will work.I would work.完成時完成時現(xiàn)在完成時，現(xiàn)在完成時，have/hashave/has加過分。加過分。I have worked.過去完成時，過去完成時，had had 加過分。加過分。I had worked.各種時態(tài)的用法各種時態(tài)的用法一、一般現(xiàn)在時一、一般現(xiàn)在時1 1. .用法：用法：A.A.現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常性經(jīng)常性的的動作動作或或狀態(tài)狀態(tài) B.B.客觀事實客觀事實和和真理真理。2 2. .標志詞標志詞: :always,usually,often, alw

3、ays,usually,often, sometimes, never,every day sometimes, never,every day /week /month/year/week /month/year/1.The boy usually_(get) to school early.gets2.Light _(travel)faster than s二、一般過去時二、一般過去時1.用法：用法：過去過去的的動作動作或或狀態(tài)狀態(tài)。2.標志詞：標志詞：yesterday,the day before yesterday, three days ago, last

4、night/week/month,in the past；just now=a moment ago點擊中考點擊中考Li Ming didnt understand what American people said,_? (2004北京市中考北京市中考)A.couldnt heB.could heC.didnt heD.did he三、現(xiàn)在進行時三、現(xiàn)在進行時1.用法：用法：A.現(xiàn)刻動作現(xiàn)刻動作：目前正在發(fā)生的動作。：目前正在發(fā)生的動作。B.現(xiàn)階段動作現(xiàn)階段動作：目前一個時期一直在進：目前一個時期一直在進行的動作，此刻不一定在進行。行的動作，此刻不一定在進行。2.標志詞：標志詞：now,Lo

5、ok! Listen!中考模擬中考模擬：-Mike, who_football in the yard? -Let me go and see. （20042004順義）順義）A.has playedB.will play C.was playingD.is playing1.Look!What_the children_ over there?2.Those workers_here these months.A.are workB.are workedC.workD.are workingA.are;do B.are;doingC.is;doD.is doing3.-How_you_alo

6、ng with your workmates? -Very well.A.do;get B.will;get C.can;get D.are;getting4.-Must I water the flowers now? -No, you neednt. Jack_them.A.is wateringB.wateringC.watersD.is watered注意注意A A. .有幾個有幾個瞬間動詞瞬間動詞可以用可以用現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時表表將將來，如：來，如：begin,start,come,go,leavebegin,start,come,go,leave。1.-Lucy! Would y

7、ou like to give me a hand? -OK. I_. A.will comeB.come C.am comingD.would come2.-When_you_for Toronto? -Tomorrow.A.do;leaveB.are;leavingC.will;leavingD.shall;leave The boy _always _ us! (夸贊夸贊)A.is;helpingB.does;helpC.can;helpD./;helpB B. .現(xiàn)在進行時和現(xiàn)在進行時和alwaysalways連用，表示說話連用，表示說話人較強烈的人較強烈的感情色彩。感情色彩。You

8、_ always _ the same mistake!(責備責備)A.do;makeB.does;makeC.is;makingD.are;making四、過去進行時四、過去進行時1.用法：用法：過去某時正在進行的動作。過去某時正在進行的動作。2.標志詞：標志詞：at that time,this time yesterday,then,when1.Father_when I _yesterday morning. A.still slept,got up B.was still sleeping,got up C.is sleeping,got up D.sleeps,get up2.Sh

9、e_apples in her garden when I_to see her yesterday.A.picked，went B.was picking， wentC.picked，was going D.was picking，was going五、一般將來時五、一般將來時1.用法：用法：將來的動作或狀態(tài)將來的動作或狀態(tài)。2.結構：結構：will shall be going to 3.標志詞：標志詞：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,in three days,in (the) future,next week/month/term, from now o

10、n+V.(原型原型)（第一人稱）（第一人稱）4.shall/will/be going to之間的區(qū)別：之間的區(qū)別： 1計劃計劃決定要做某事，一般用決定要做某事，一般用be going to do 結構結構。shall往往用于往往用于第一人稱疑問句第一人稱疑問句, will可用于任何人稱可用于任何人稱。2will常用于表常用于表邀請邀請或或命令命令時以及時以及帶有帶有意愿色彩意愿色彩。31.There_two meetings tomorrow afternoon. A.are going to be B.are going to haveC.is going to be D.will hav

11、e2.The twins_to the cinema with their parents tonight.A.will go B.would goC.are go D.went3.-When_we have the meeting? -At 8. A.areB.shallC.would D.will 4.-When_you_for London? -Next week. A.will;leavingB.are;leaving C.shall;leaveD.have;left六、過去將來時六、過去將來時1.用法：用法：從過去看將要發(fā)生的動作。從過去看將要發(fā)生的動作。2.結構：結構：would

12、was/were/going to+ +v.v.( (原型原型) )1.-What did he say yesterday? -He said he_to Sydney next week.A.goesB.will goC.would go D.are going 2.-Did your son fail his English exam once again? -Yes, but he told me he_hard next term.A.studiesB.is studyingC.will studyD.would study試題：試題：1.用法：用法： 12七、現(xiàn)在完成時七、現(xiàn)在完成

13、時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時過去過去現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在影響影響：作業(yè)都作業(yè)都做完了，我能出做完了，我能出去玩會兒嗎？去玩會兒嗎？這該死的！我都等了這該死的！我都等了一個小時了，他怎么一個小時了，他怎么還不來？還不來？過去過去的動作對的動作對現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在的影響。的影響。I have finished my homework. 過去過去的動作持續(xù)到的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在。I have stayed here for an hour！2.標志詞：標志詞： already, just, yet, ever, never, so far(till now/up to now), recently, in the past 3

14、 years, before, since+時間時間點點,for+時間段時間段3.現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時的異同點：現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時的異同點：共同點：共同點：動作都在動作都在過去過去。不同點：不同點：和和現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在有無關系。有無關系。(與現(xiàn)與現(xiàn)在有關的過去動作用現(xiàn)在完成，與現(xiàn)在在有關的過去動作用現(xiàn)在完成，與現(xiàn)在無關的過去動作用一般過去。無關的過去動作用一般過去。)4.易錯點：易錯點：121have gone to+地點地點,表示表示“去了去了某地某地”。（人已走人已走，尚未回。只用于，尚未回。只用于第三人稱第三人稱。）。）They have gone to Europe.(They are

15、not here.)have been to+地點地點,表示表示“去過去過某某地地”。（人已回人已回）I have been to Europe.(I am not in Europe now.)3have been in+地點地點+時間段時間段,表示表示“在在/來來某地多久某地多久”。I have been in Europe for three weeks.(I am now still in Europe .)25.瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動詞瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動詞 若句中出現(xiàn)若句中出現(xiàn)時間段時間段，則必須使用，則必須使用延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞。瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動。瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動詞轉換關系如下：

16、詞轉換關系如下：begin/startbe ongo therebe thereleavebe awayget homebe homediebe deadopenbe openjoinbe in / be a member ofclosebe closedget to knowknowget marriedbe marriedborrowkeepcome herebe herebuyhave1.The film began 5 minutes ago.2.They left an hour ago.3.The man died a week ago.4.He joined the club 3

17、 days ago.5.They got married 10 years ago.6.He came here an hour ago.7.Jack got home 2 hours ago.8.Mum opened the door just now.9.They got to know 10 years ago.10.I borrowed the book a week ago.11.I bought the car a year ago.The film_ _ _ for 5 minutes.They_ _ _for an hour.The man_ _ _ for a week.He

18、_ _ _the club for 3 days.They_ _ _for 10 years.He_ _ here since an hour ago.Jack_ _home for 2 hours.The door_ _open for a while.They_ _since 10 years ago. I_ _the book for a week.I_ _the car since a year ago.has been onhave been awayhas been deadhas been inhave been marriedhas beenhas beenhas beenha

19、ve knownhave kepthave had1.-What a nice bike! How long_you_it? -Just two weeks.(2004北京市中考北京市中考)A.will;buy B.did;buy C.are;having D.have;had2.-How long have you_here? -Since 1997.A.arrived B.moved C.come D.lived3.-I cant find my pen._you_it anywhere? -No.Look!Whats that under your book?A.Have;seenB.D

20、o;see C.Did;see D.Had;seen4.-Im sorry to have kept you waiting. -Oh,not at all.I_here for only a few minutes.A.will be B.wasC.amD.have been5.I wont go to see the film because I_the ticket.(2002河南)A.lostB.have lostC.will lost D.didnt lost八、過去完成時八、過去完成時1.用法：發(fā)生在用法：發(fā)生在 過去的過去過去的過去的動作。的動作。 They had got ma

21、rried when he came back. got married came back現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在過去過去過去的過去過去的過去我來晚了！我來晚了！沒希望了！沒希望了！終于結婚終于結婚了！好幸了！好幸福呀！福呀！現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時2.標志詞：標志詞： by the end of,by the time,when+一般過去時一般過去時 過去完成時是一種相對存在的時態(tài)，判定時必須根據(jù)過去完成時是一種相對存在的時態(tài)，判定時必須根據(jù)上下文找到一個可以作為參照點的過去時間，上下文找到一個可以作為參照點的過去時間，在此參照點在此參照點前發(fā)生的動作前發(fā)生的動作都可以用過去完成時。都可以用過去完成時。注意：

22、注意：1.We_learning 1000 words by the end of last term.1.We_learning 1000 words by the end of last term.A.finishedA.finished B.have finishedB.have finished C.had finishedC.had finishedD.finishD.finish2.The train_when we got to the station.2.The train_when we got to the station.A.leavesA.leavesB.have le

23、ftB.have left C.were leaving C.were leaving D.had D.had leftleft3.By the time he returned,his son_supper.3.By the time he returned,his son_supper.A.cooks BA.cooks B.had cooked C.has cooked.had cooked C.has cooked D.was D.was cookingcooking1.Sorry,I_to help you at ten.I was busy at the moment. A.wont

24、 come B.cant come C.didnt come D.shouldnt come2.He_this pen for five years.He_it in 1997. A.has bought,bought. B.bought,bought C.has kept,has bought D.has had,bought3.She_the flowers in the garden when I_to see her yesterday. A.watered，went B.was watering， went C.watered，was going D.was watering，was

25、 going4.I don t know if my friend_.If he _,Ill let you know. A.comes,comes B.comes, will come C.will come,comes D.will come,will come5.John said he_ supper.He was quite full. A.had had B.was having C.had D.has eaten 6.There_two parties next week. A.are going to be B.are going to have C.is going to b

26、e D.will have7.It_10 years since I_here. A.is,come B.is,have come C.was,came D.is,came8.-Kate likes eating chocolate. -_. Look, she is eating.(2003十堰市十堰市) A.So Lucy doesB.So does Lucy C.So they doD.So do they9.Kate_to bed until her mother_back. A.wont go,come B.hadnt gone, came C.went,came D.didnt g

27、o,came10.His brother_from home for a long time. A.has left B.has been away C.left D.will leave 11.-Lucy,_you_your ticket? -Not yet. (2003河北省河北省) A.did;find B.have;foundC.has;foundD.do;find12.-_to the United States?（2003安徽）安徽） -No,never,but I went to Canada a few years ago.A.Have you beenB.Have you g

28、one C.Did you goD.Have you went13.The man who lived on the island thought he_ never_. (2001廣州廣州)A.will;found B.would;be found C.is;foundB.had;been found14.-I dont know if his uncle_. -I think he_if it doesnt rain. (2003重慶重慶）A.will come; comes B.will come; will comeC.comes; comesD.comes; will come15.-Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning,_? -No,she got up too late.(2003河北）河北）A.had sheB.hadn