專升本英語翻譯與寫作p

1、 長難句分析長難句分析 1. Although perhaps only 1 percent of the life that has started somewhere will develop into highly complex and intelligent patterns，so vast is the number of planets that intelligent life is bound to be a natural part of the universe. 譯文: 雖然在某處已經(jīng)開始的生命中，可能僅有百分之一會發(fā)展成高度復雜、有智慧的形式，但是行星的數(shù)目如此之多,

2、以致于有智慧的生命,一定是宇宙的一個天然組成部分。1. Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. 現(xiàn)在美國研究者認為他們離研發(fā)出能讓人忘卻痛苦記憶的藥物僅一步之遙。2. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are eras

3、ed. 迄今為止，研究已經(jīng)顯示，能夠被減少的只是記憶的情感影響，而不是記憶被刪除。3. When the issue of smoking at the workplace is discussed, perhaps the most important problem is the health risk that smoking causes to both smokers and never-smokers. 當討論工作場所吸煙的問題時，也許最重要的問題是，吸煙對吸煙者和不吸煙者的健康造成的危害。4. Indian energy officials have been seeking w

4、ays to use less imported oil to provide energy. 印度能源官員已經(jīng)在尋找一些可以使用更少的進口石油來生產(chǎn)提供的方法。5. Clocks operate with gears. So do cars and so does the device invented by the Indian scientists to produce electricity. 鐘表是由齒輪來驅(qū)動的。汽車和印度科學家發(fā)明的發(fā)電設備也是一樣的。6.在我看來，他們很難掩蓋事實真相。 As far as I am concerned, it is difficult for

5、them to cover the truth.7. 直到會議結束那位經(jīng)理一直保持沉默不語。 Until the end of the meeting, the manager kept silent.8. 我想說的是，在奧運會上做志愿者對于年輕人是有意義的事。 What I want to say is that to be a volunteer of the Olympic games is significant to young people.9. 簡而言之，每個人都應該為自己的行為負責。 In short, everyone should be responsible for hi

6、s behavior.10. 我下決心一個月內(nèi)在功課上要趕上同學們。 I am determined to catch up with my classsmates in one month.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換詞性轉(zhuǎn)換一、轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞例如：I admire your decision to fight for the difficulties in preparing the examination.你決定戰(zhàn)勝考試復習中的困難，這一點我很羨慕。 （一）名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞1由動詞派生的名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞。a.Rockets have found application for the exploration of

7、the universe.火箭已經(jīng)用來探索宇宙。b.In China, there is a lot of emphasis on politeness.在中國，人們非常注重講禮貌。2含有動作意味的名詞往往可以轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞。A careful study of the original text will give you a better translation.仔細研究原文，你會翻譯得更好。The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.看到我們的噴氣式飛機，聽見隆隆的機聲，令我特別神往。3英語中有些加

8、后綴-er的名詞。 a. He is a good singer. 他唱歌唱得好。 b.Those small factories are also lavish consumer and waster of raw materials. 那些小工廠還在極大地消耗和浪費原材料。4有些短語中作為中心主體詞的名詞往往可轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞，如To have a rest 和To have a good look at 里的rest 和look. a.You must be tired. Why dont you take a rest? 你一定很累了，為什么不休息一會呢？ b.The car braked

9、sharply, coming to rest on the edge of the cliff. 汽車猛的剎住，停在懸崖邊上。（二）形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞a.I am anxious about his health.我擔心他的身體健康。b.Scientists are confident that all matter is indestructible.科學家們都深信，所有的物質(zhì)都是不滅的。 常見的有： 與思維和知覺相關的形容詞：aware, conscious, certain, sure, mindful, ignorant, alert等； 與情感相關的形容詞：glad, pleased

10、, cautious, careful, angry, happy, exhilarated, excited, confident, thankful, grateful, concerned, eager, afraid, doubtful, sorry等； 與欲望相關的形容詞：desirous, hopeful, anxious, keen, enthusiastic, zealous等。（三）副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞 a.She opened the window to let fresh air in. 她把窗子打開，讓新鮮空氣進來。 b.After careful investigation

11、 they found the design behind. 經(jīng)過仔細研究之后，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個設計落后了。 二、轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞 （一）英語中很多由名詞派生的動詞，以及由名詞轉(zhuǎn)用的動詞，在漢語中往往不易找到相應的動詞，這時可將其轉(zhuǎn)譯成漢語名詞。 1名詞派生的動詞 a.This kind of behavior characterizes the criminal mind. 這種舉止是罪犯的心理特征。 b.To them, he personified the absolute power. 在他們看來，他就是絕對權威的化身。 2名詞轉(zhuǎn)用的動詞 a.Our age is witnessing a pr

12、ofound political change. 我們的時代是深刻政治變革的見證。 b.Most U.S. spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earths atmosphere after completing their missions. 美國絕大多數(shù)間諜衛(wèi)星，按其設計，是在完成使命后，在大氣層中焚毀。 （二）有些英語被動式句子中的動詞，可以譯成“受（遭）到+名詞”、“予（加）以+名詞”這類結構。 He was treated very shabbily by the press during this period. 在這期間，他

13、受到了新聞界極不公正的對待。 I was encouraged by our president. 我得到了校長的鼓勵。（三）形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞1英語中有些形容詞加上定冠詞表示某一類的人，漢譯時常譯成名詞。 a.They did their best to help the sick and the wounded. 他們盡了最大的努力幫助病號和傷員。 b.Both compounds are acids, the former is strong and the latter is weak. 這兩種都是酸。前者是強酸，后者是弱酸。 2有時候根據(jù)情況，可以靈活處理，把有些形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換成名詞來翻譯

14、。 a.He was eloquent and elegantbut soft. 他有口才、有風度，但性格軟弱。 b.His whole family were religious. 他全家都是虔誠的教徒。 三、轉(zhuǎn)譯成形容詞 形容詞派生的名詞往往可以轉(zhuǎn)譯成形容詞。 a.This issue is of vital importance. 這個問題至關重要。 b.The pallor of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment. 她蒼白的臉色清楚地表明了她那時的情緒。 有些名詞加不定冠詞作表語時，往往要以轉(zhuǎn)譯成形

15、容詞。 a.Our performance was a success. 我們的演出很成功。 b.Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study. 獨立思考對學習是絕對必需的。 四、其它詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯 （一）形容詞與副詞的互相轉(zhuǎn)譯 1由于英語中的名詞在翻譯的時候可以轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語動詞，所以修飾該名詞的形容詞往往轉(zhuǎn)譯成漢語副詞。 a.We must make full use of exiting technical equipment. 我們必須充分利用現(xiàn)有的技術設備。 b.This is sheer nonsense. 這完全是胡說。 2由

16、于英語中的動詞在翻譯的時候可以轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語名詞，所以修飾該動詞的副詞往往轉(zhuǎn)譯成形容詞。 This film impressed him deeply. 這部電影給了他深刻的印象。（二）名詞與副詞的互相轉(zhuǎn)譯 1名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成副詞 a.The new mayor earned some appreciation by the courtesy of coming to visit the city poor. 新市長有禮貌地前來訪問城市貧民，獲得了他們的一些好感。 2副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞 a.It is officially announced that China has successfully laun

17、ched her fist manned spaceship. 官方宣布，中國已經(jīng)成功的實現(xiàn)了載人航天。 應用文寫作應用文寫作 Sept. 18 Dear M.Mike, I regret very much that I shall not to go to work this morning owing to a severe attack of his illness. I am enclosing here a certificate from the doctor. I hope that my absence will not give you any serious inconv

18、enience. Sincerely yours, Jack Sept.12,2:30 p.m Dear Mr.Tang, A Mr.Lin Qing(Im not sure whether I get the spelling correct) who recently arrived from Guangdong, wishes to see you. You are requested to ring him up this evening any time from 7:00 to10:00 a.m. Tel.No .88125890 . Liu范文三范文三 考試Directions:

19、 For this part you are allowed 30 minutes towrite a composition on the topic My Views onExaminations. You should write at least 120 words andbase your composition on the outline below: 1、大學都用考試來衡量學生的成績， 2、考生可能帶來的副作用， 3、我對考試的看法。 In most colleges and universities the examination is used as a chief means of deciding whether a student succeeds or fails in mastering a particular subject. Although it does the job quite efficiently, its side effects are also enormous. To begin with, examinations lower the standards of teaching. Since teachers are often judged by examinatio