歐洲文化入門(mén)課程學(xué)習(xí)指南

1、 “歐洲文化入門(mén)”課程學(xué)習(xí)指南一、課程基礎(chǔ)：歐洲文化入門(mén)是全校外語(yǔ)類選修課程，本課程面向全校文理學(xué)生開(kāi)設(shè)，是主要以提高學(xué)生的文化素養(yǎng)為主的課程。二、適應(yīng)對(duì)象：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)完成三級(jí)課程學(xué)習(xí)的本科學(xué)生。 三、教學(xué)目的：本課程教學(xué)目標(biāo)為：了解歐洲文化的最基本知識(shí)，開(kāi)闊視野，培養(yǎng)興趣，促進(jìn)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)。本課程力圖在介紹文化知識(shí)的同時(shí)，激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣，從而提高語(yǔ)言能力，以達(dá)到充分體現(xiàn)素質(zhì)教育，全面提高學(xué)生的跨文化交際能力，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的綜合文化素質(zhì)，擴(kuò)展國(guó)際視野。四、內(nèi)容提要：本課程的主要內(nèi)容包括：希臘羅馬文化、基督教及其圣經(jīng)、中世紀(jì)、文藝復(fù)興和宗教改革、十七世紀(jì)、啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)、浪漫主義、馬克思主義與達(dá)爾文學(xué)說(shuō)

2、、現(xiàn)實(shí)主義、現(xiàn)代主義及其它。由于學(xué)時(shí)所限，本學(xué)期本門(mén)課只集中講述前五個(gè)大題的內(nèi)容。若學(xué)生對(duì)本門(mén)課感興趣，想繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)后五個(gè)大題的內(nèi)容可選修大外應(yīng)用提高階段的選修課歐洲文化入門(mén)（下）。本課程以歐洲文化為語(yǔ)境，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生人文知識(shí)的底蘊(yùn)，使學(xué)生對(duì)西方文化最基本的方面有一定的認(rèn)識(shí)和了解，從而激發(fā)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的興趣、帶動(dòng)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)。五、自主學(xué)習(xí) 授課模式：基于計(jì)算機(jī)和課堂的英語(yǔ)多媒體教學(xué)模式是為了幫助學(xué)生達(dá)到大學(xué)英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用提高階段教學(xué)要求所設(shè)計(jì)的一種新型英語(yǔ)教學(xué)模式。強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)性化教學(xué)與自主學(xué)習(xí)，以及教師可通過(guò)課堂進(jìn)行輔導(dǎo)，傳授知識(shí)和技能的特點(diǎn)，使學(xué)生可在教師的指導(dǎo)下，根據(jù)自己的特點(diǎn)、水平、時(shí)間，選擇合適的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容，借

3、助計(jì)算機(jī)的幫助，迅速提高自己的英語(yǔ)綜合實(shí)用能力，達(dá)到最佳學(xué)習(xí)效果。1、教學(xué)模式的構(gòu)成教學(xué)對(duì)象： 學(xué)生 教學(xué)內(nèi)容： 歐洲文化入門(mén)教學(xué)環(huán)境： 計(jì)算機(jī)（單機(jī)或網(wǎng)絡(luò)） 課堂教學(xué) 教學(xué)方式： 自學(xué)+輔導(dǎo) 面試 教學(xué)組織者： 教師 教學(xué)管理：教務(wù)處、教師和計(jì)算機(jī)管理軟件 圖一、基于計(jì)算機(jī)和課堂的英語(yǔ)多媒體教學(xué)模式2、基于計(jì)算機(jī)的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程大學(xué)外語(yǔ)應(yīng)用提高教學(xué)階段各門(mén)課程采用“以傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)模式為主，以網(wǎng)絡(luò)自主學(xué)習(xí)模式為輔”的教學(xué)模式。如下圖： 初始測(cè)驗(yàn) 學(xué)習(xí)課程 每課測(cè)試 合 格 進(jìn)入下一課程學(xué)習(xí) 已學(xué)到應(yīng)該接受輔導(dǎo)的課程 繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí) 接受面授輔導(dǎo) 輔導(dǎo)通過(guò) 圖二、基于計(jì)算機(jī)的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程六、自主學(xué)習(xí) 學(xué)習(xí)方

4、法：依據(jù)建構(gòu)主義學(xué)習(xí)理論，在教學(xué)中采用自主學(xué)習(xí)、討論學(xué)習(xí)等教學(xué)方法 ，采用學(xué)生為主體進(jìn)行自主學(xué)習(xí)和訓(xùn)練及教師為主導(dǎo)進(jìn)行講授相結(jié)合的教學(xué)方法。通過(guò)課前預(yù)習(xí)準(zhǔn)備、課堂情景體驗(yàn)、課堂知識(shí)歸納、課堂及課后知識(shí)和語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用等四個(gè)階段的教學(xué)活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)，倡導(dǎo)體驗(yàn)式自主學(xué)習(xí)以任務(wù)型和小組合作、案例教學(xué)方法為依托，體驗(yàn)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言和文化知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程，在實(shí)踐中學(xué)，以學(xué)習(xí)者已有的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)及文化知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)為整個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程的出發(fā)點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)者積極、主動(dòng)地參與各種真實(shí)目的語(yǔ)中語(yǔ)言、文化現(xiàn)象和實(shí)踐活動(dòng)來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。七、自主學(xué)習(xí) 評(píng)價(jià)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)自主學(xué)習(xí)強(qiáng)調(diào)集診斷性、形成性、終結(jié)性評(píng)估為一體的評(píng)價(jià)體系，突出學(xué)生的過(guò)程性評(píng)價(jià)、自評(píng)

5、與互評(píng)，通過(guò)課堂活動(dòng)和課外活動(dòng)的記錄、網(wǎng)上自學(xué)記錄、學(xué)習(xí)檔案記錄、訪談和座談等形式對(duì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程進(jìn)行觀察、評(píng)估和監(jiān)督，促進(jìn)學(xué)生有效地學(xué)習(xí)，有效地提高學(xué)生的自主學(xué)習(xí)能力。歐洲文化入門(mén)Chapter 1. Learning ObjectivesAfter learning this chapter you are able to master: l get to know the historical context of ancient Greece and ancient Romel be clear about the great achievements of ancient Greeks

6、 and Romans in various fields such as literature, philosophy, science and art. l understand the significance and impact of Greek culture and Roman culture. Procedures 1. Before studying the chapter, you should talk about the following questions: l How much do you know about Greece (ancient or modern

7、)?l Do you know when the first Modern Olympic Games was held?l Homer was famous for two epics. Do you know what they are?l There are many famous philosophers in ancient Greece. Could you name some of them?2. The points to be highlighted:l Democracy of ancient l Greece.l 3 styles of columns in ancien

8、t Greek architecture.l The greatest names in European philosophy- Socrates, Plato and Aristotle3. Study the chapter in detail:l Greek Culture The historical context of ancient Greece Social and political structure of ancient Greece - focus on politics, economy and sports Literature, philosophy, scie

9、nce in ancient Greece. Architecture and sculpture in ancient Greece - focus on the three styles of columns and one representative temple - Parthenon Impact of Greek culture l Roman Culture Roman history- Focus on the important events in roman history. Romans and Greeks - Compare and contrast the two

10、 peoples Roman Law -Focus on the roman peoples contribution in law and its influence Latin literature- Focus on the representatives and their writing styles and representative works mainly in prose and poetry Architecture, painting and sculpture Supplementation - a brief introduction on Pompeii &

11、; A video show on Pompeii A summary on Greek culture and Roman Culture - Go over this part and restate the important points4. Practical exercisesl What are the major elements in European culture?l What were the main features of ancient Greek society?l What did Homer do? Why is he important in the hi

12、story of European literature?l Who were the outstanding dramatists of ancient Greece? What important plays did each of them write?. Self-assessments: On a scale 1 to 5, where 1 means “not at all,” 2 means “not very well”, 3 means “moderately well,” 4 means “well,” and 5 means “very well,” rate how w

13、ell you have mastered the objectives set at the beginning of this Chapter:1 2 3 4 5 I could discuss the warm-up questions actively .1 2 3 4 5 I could identify the key points of the chapter.1 2 3 4 5 I could master the main characters of Greek culture and roman culture .1 2 3 4 5 I could distinguish

14、the differences between Romans and Greeks.1 2 3 4 5 I finished the exercises independently. Chapter 2. Learning ObjectivesAfter learning this chapter you are able to master: l be clear about the components and main contents of the Biblel get to know some famous stories in English Bible l understand

15、the origin and development of Christianityl understand the far-reaching influence of the bible to the western culture. Procedures 1. Before studying the chapter, you should talk about the following questions: l Does Christianity influence you in any way?l Have you ever been to a Christian church?l D

16、o you know the masterpiece of Da Vinci The Last Supper? Can you tell the story about it?2. The points to be highlighted:l the Old Testament - about God and the laws of Godl the New Testament - the doctrine of Jesus Christl The Pentateuch - about the myths of Gods creation of world and the myths of h

17、umans original ancestorsl At the heart of Christianity is the life of Jesus: How he lived and died to redeem the whole human race.l Translation of the Bible3. Study the chapter in detail:l General introduction about bible-Focus on the history of Hebrewsl The Old Testament - Focus on the components,

18、main contents of each component and some famous stories in the old testament.l Rise of Christianity - Focus on the life of Jesus and the spread of Christianityl The New Testament- Focus on the components and famous stories in the New Testament.l Translations of the bible - Focus on the several impor

19、tant versions of bible.l The impact of bible - Focus on the influence of bible on various aspects of western civilization.4. Practical exercisesl Why do we say the Bible has shaped Western culture more decisively than anything else ever written?l What writings make up the New Testament?l How did the

20、 relations between Christians and the Roman government change'?l What was the Hebrew's major contribution to world civilization? l Why do we say Judaism and Christianity are closely related?. Self-assessments: On a scale 1 to 5, where 1 means “not at all,” 2 means “not very well”, 3 means “m

21、oderately well,” 4 means “well,” and 5 means “very well,” rate how well you have mastered the objectives set at the beginning of this Chapter:1 2 3 4 5 I could discuss the warm-up questions actively .1 2 3 4 5 I could identify the key points of the chapter.1 2 3 4 5 I could master the main structure

22、 of the bible .1 2 3 4 5 I could understand the impact of the Bible in western world1 2 3 4 5 I finished the exercises independently.Chapter 3. Learning ObjectivesAfter learning this chapter you are able to master: l the origin and characters of European feudalisml the development of Christianity an

23、d church organization during this period.l the great achievements of Europe in medieval times in literature, science, art and architecture. Procedures 1. Before studying the chapter, you should talk about the following questions: l Legends or romances are two attracting stories. We have seen the the

24、 films of King Arthur and Robin Hood. Can you say something about these two famous films? l You must have ever heard of “the middle ages”. Do you know which period of history does it refer to in European history?2. The points to be highlighted:l During the Medieval times there was no central governm

25、ent to keep the order. The only organization that seemed to unite Europe was the Christian church.l Christianity took the lead in politics, law, art, and learning for hundreds of years. It shaped peoples lives. That is why the Middle Ages is also called the “Age of Faith”l Feudalism in Europe was ma

26、inly a system of land holding - a system of holding land in exchange for military service.l Code of chivalry: To protect the weak To fight for the church To be loyal to his lord To respect women of noble birth3. Study the chapter in detail:l Feudalism in Europe - Focus on the growth, states and char

27、acters of feudalism in Europe. l Knighthood and code of chivalry l The church - Focus on the organization of church and the power and influence of the Catholic Church.l The crusades - Focus on the cause, process and influence of the crusades.l Learning and science in Middle Ages.l Literature in midd

28、le ages- Focus on national epics, Dante and Geoffery Chaucerl Art and architecture - Focus on Romanesque and Gothic art4. Practical exercisesl Into what three groups were people divided under feudalism?l In what ways did Gothic art differ from Romanesque art?l What happened in western Europe after t

29、he decline of the Roman Empire?l What were the cultural characteristics of the period from 500 to 1000?. Self-assessments: On a scale 1 to 5, where 1 means “not at all,” 2 means “not very well”, 3 means “moderately well,” 4 means “well,” and 5 means “very well,” rate how well you have mastered the o

30、bjectives set at the beginning of this Chapter:1 2 3 4 5 I could discuss the warm-up questions actively .1 2 3 4 5 I could identify the key points of the chapter.1 2 3 4 5 I could master the main characters of middle ages1 2 3 4 5 I could distinguish the differences between Romanesque and Gothic art

31、1 2 3 4 5 I finished the exercises independently.Chapter 4. Learning ObjectivesAfter learning this chapter you are able to master: l the historical context of Renaissance and Reformationl the achievements of Renaissance and Reformationl some great figures and their representative works in this perio

32、dl the great impact of Renaissance and Reformationl the historical context of Reformation and counter-reformationl the contents of Reformation and counter-reformationl the great impact of Reformation and counter-reformation. Procedures 1. Before studying the chapter, you should talk about the follow

33、ing questions: l what you know about the Renaissance and Reformation.2. The points to be highlighted:l the reasons for the flourishing of Renaissance in Italy.l The essence of the Renaissancel the distinct features of the tradition of the Renaissance art l three predominant figures in the High Renai

34、ssancel the paintings and architectures 3. Study the chapter in detail:l Renaissance in Italy - the historical background, the rise of humanism, new literature, renaissance art, the decline of the Italian renaissancel Reformation - Pre-Luther religious reformers, Martin Luther and his doctrine, John

35、 Calvin and Calvinism, Reformation in England, Protestantism and the rise of capitalism.l Renaissance in other countries- Focus on renaissance in France, Spain, England and the northern Europe such as Netherlands, Flanders, Germany. l the science and technology during the renaissance - Focus on geog

36、raphical discoveries, astronomy, anatomy, printing, political science and historiography.4. Practical exercisesl What made Italy the birthplace of the Renaissance?l What are the main elements of humanism? How are these elements reflected in art and literature during the Italian Renaissance?l What ar

37、e the doctrines of Martin Luther? What was the significance of the Reformation in European civilization?l Why did England come later than other countries during the Renaissance? In what way was English Renaissance different from that of other countries? Who were the major figures and what were their

38、 contributions?. Self-assessments: On a scale 1 to 5, where 1 means “not at all,” 2 means “not very well”, 3 means “moderately well,” 4 means “well,” and 5 means “very well,” rate how well you have mastered the objectives set at the beginning of this Chapter:1 2 3 4 5 I could discuss the warm-up que

39、stions actively .1 2 3 4 5 I could identify the key points of the chapter.1 2 3 4 5 I could master the main characters of renaissance and reformation.1 2 3 4 5 I could understand the significance of renaissance and reformation.1 2 3 4 5 I finished the exercises independently.Chapter 5. Learning Obje

40、ctivesAfter learning this chapter you are able to master: l the historical context of The seventeenth Century l the achievements of science in the seventeenth Centuryl some representatives in philosophy, politics and Literature in Englandl the Descartes theoryl the French classicisml some great figu

41、res and their representative works in baroque artl the great impact of the seventeenth century. Procedures 1. Before studying the chapter, you should talk about the following questions: l You must have ever heard of the sentence, “I think, therefore I am.” Do you know who said it? How much do you kn

42、ow about him?l What is the feature for the 17th century?l Do you ever hear those names: Galileo, Newton, Francis Bacon, Rene Descartes? l When you watch TV, do you hear something about Baroque Art?2. The points to be highlighted:l The new science and philosophy gave a great push to the political struggle waged by the newly emerged class, the bourgeoisie, and other classes.l Nicolaus Copernicus -Forerunner of modern science.l Keplers three laws of planetary motionl Sir Isaac Newtons Achie