腦神經(jīng)解剖總論

1、學(xué)習(xí) 腦神經(jīng) 要點(diǎn)1.1.性質(zhì)性質(zhì), ,成分成分. .2.2.所連核團(tuán)所連核團(tuán). .3.3.連腦部位連腦部位. .4.4.出入顱部位出入顱部位. .5. 主干行程主干行程.6. 主要分支主要分支成分成分、分布、分布.7. 所連神經(jīng)節(jié)性質(zhì)、位置所連神經(jīng)節(jié)性質(zhì)、位置. .篩孔篩孔嗅球嗅球腦神經(jīng)各論嗅神經(jīng)嗅神經(jīng)Olfactory n.上鼻甲和相應(yīng)鼻中隔粘膜嗅絲(端腦) 視神經(jīng)視神經(jīng)視交叉視交叉視視N N管管(間腦)Optic nerve視神經(jīng)盤(節(jié)細(xì)胞軸突匯聚)trochlear n.動(dòng)眼神經(jīng)動(dòng)眼神經(jīng)滑車神經(jīng)滑車神經(jīng)上斜肌動(dòng)眼動(dòng)眼N 副核副核腳間窩(中腦)動(dòng)眼動(dòng)眼N N 核核眶眶 上上 裂裂上支 上

2、直肌 上瞼提肌內(nèi)、下直肌，下斜肌下支瞳孔括約肌睫狀肌展神經(jīng)展神經(jīng)外直肌 海 綿 竇睫狀N節(jié)前髓帆(下丘下方)滑車滑車N N核核Abducent n.展展N N核核橋延溝(內(nèi))Oculomotor n.標(biāo)本觀察標(biāo)本觀察動(dòng)眼神經(jīng)動(dòng)眼神經(jīng)上支上支下支下支滑車神經(jīng)滑車神經(jīng)睫狀神經(jīng)節(jié)睫狀神經(jīng)節(jié)、， 腦神經(jīng)的成分，所連核團(tuán)，分支分布腦神經(jīng)的成分，所連核團(tuán)，分支分布展神經(jīng)展神經(jīng)三叉神經(jīng)三叉神經(jīng)Trigeminal n.腦橋腦橋基底部基底部小腦中腳小腦中腳交界處交界處卵圓孔圓孔眶上裂眶內(nèi)結(jié)構(gòu)和眼裂以上皮膚鼻粘膜和鼻背口裂和眼裂之間皮膚及深面結(jié)構(gòu)口裂以下和顳區(qū)皮膚口底結(jié)構(gòu)側(cè)面觀側(cè)面觀標(biāo)本觀察標(biāo)本觀察冠狀切冠狀切

3、腦神經(jīng)連腦腦神經(jīng)連腦海綿竇內(nèi)容海綿竇內(nèi)容眼神經(jīng)Mandibular n.上頜神經(jīng)上頜神經(jīng)Ophthalmic n.下頜神經(jīng)Maxillary n.標(biāo)本觀察標(biāo)本觀察眼神經(jīng)眼神經(jīng)淚腺神經(jīng)淚腺神經(jīng)額神經(jīng)額神經(jīng)鼻睫神經(jīng)鼻睫神經(jīng)1面神經(jīng)面神經(jīng)腦橋延髓溝(中)內(nèi)耳門莖乳孔Facial n.上泌延核上泌延核淚腺下頜下腺舌下腺舌前舌前2/3味覺(jué)味覺(jué)翼腭翼腭N節(jié)節(jié)下頜下下頜下N節(jié)節(jié)鼓索鼓索膝神經(jīng)節(jié)膝神經(jīng)節(jié)巖大神經(jīng)巖大神經(jīng)標(biāo)本觀察標(biāo)本觀察 鼓索鼓索 膝神經(jīng)節(jié)膝神經(jīng)節(jié)內(nèi)臟神經(jīng)節(jié)內(nèi)臟神經(jīng)節(jié)三叉神經(jīng)三叉神經(jīng)面神經(jīng)的上頜神經(jīng)眶下神經(jīng)上牙槽神經(jīng)后支舌神經(jīng)下牙槽神經(jīng)(切斷)頦神經(jīng)頰神經(jīng)耳顳神經(jīng)翼腭N節(jié)下頜下N 節(jié)膝膝N節(jié)節(jié)和

4、三叉三叉N節(jié)節(jié)下頜神經(jīng)上頜神經(jīng)上頜神經(jīng)三叉三叉N節(jié)節(jié)三叉三叉N節(jié)節(jié)眶下神經(jīng)眶下神經(jīng)上牙槽神經(jīng)后支上牙槽神經(jīng)后支下頜神經(jīng)下頜神經(jīng)舌神經(jīng)舌神經(jīng)下牙槽神經(jīng)(切斷)下牙槽神經(jīng)(切斷)頦神經(jīng)頦神經(jīng)頰神經(jīng)頰神經(jīng)耳顳神經(jīng)耳顳神經(jīng)膝膝N節(jié)節(jié)膝膝N節(jié)節(jié)翼腭N節(jié)翼腭N節(jié)下頜下N 節(jié)下頜下N 節(jié)標(biāo)本觀察標(biāo)本觀察耳N節(jié)咀嚼肌支咀嚼肌支巖大神經(jīng)巖大神經(jīng)Greater petrosal n.Chorda tympani鼓索鼓索標(biāo)本標(biāo)本觀察觀察 面神經(jīng)面神經(jīng) 膝神經(jīng)節(jié)膝神經(jīng)節(jié)位聽(tīng)神經(jīng)位聽(tīng)神經(jīng)vestibulocochlear前庭神經(jīng)蝸神經(jīng)前庭神經(jīng)前庭神經(jīng)蝸神經(jīng)蝸神經(jīng)腦橋小腦三角前庭蝸神經(jīng)前庭蝸神經(jīng)內(nèi)耳門前庭前庭N核核蝸蝸N

5、核核舌咽神經(jīng)舌咽神經(jīng)Glossopharyngeal n.橄欖后溝(上)下泌涎核孤束核孤束核疑核疑核三叉神經(jīng)脊束核三叉神經(jīng)脊束核耳支耳支頸動(dòng)脈竇支頸動(dòng)脈竇支舌支舌支咽支咽支(鼓室N)(鼓室叢鼓室叢)耳神經(jīng)節(jié)耳神經(jīng)節(jié)腮腺上上N節(jié)節(jié)下下N節(jié)節(jié)頸靜脈孔迷走神經(jīng)迷走神經(jīng)上神經(jīng)節(jié)上神經(jīng)節(jié)耳部皮膚喉上喉上N喉外支喉外支喉外肌頸部胸部喉返喉返N食管前叢（左迷走食管前叢（左迷走N）前干（左）前干（左）膈肌食管裂孔腹部喉內(nèi)支喉內(nèi)支腹腔支腹腔支胃后支胃后支肝支肝支胃前支胃前支迷走迷走N 后干后干（右）（右）橄欖后溝橄欖后溝下神經(jīng)節(jié)下神經(jīng)節(jié) 黏膜感覺(jué) 腺體分泌 喉內(nèi)肌聲門裂以下聲門裂以下粘膜感覺(jué)腺體分泌 聲門裂以上聲門裂以上頸靜脈孔頸靜脈孔Vagus n.(尾端)副神經(jīng)副神經(jīng)舌下神經(jīng)舌下神經(jīng)Hypogolssal n.Accessory n.舌肌胸鎖乳突肌斜方肌(顱根顱根)舌下神經(jīng)管頸靜脈孔(脊髓根脊髓根)橄欖后溝(下)疑核橄欖前溝舌下神經(jīng)核副神經(jīng)核迷走神經(jīng)標(biāo)本觀察標(biāo)本觀察面神經(jīng)面神經(jīng)的的5條條表情肌支表情肌支副神經(jīng)副神經(jīng)標(biāo)本觀察副神經(jīng)副神經(jīng)舌咽神經(jīng)舌咽神經(jīng)迷走神經(jīng)迷走神經(jīng)頸頸部頸動(dòng)脈竇支頸動(dòng)脈竇支喉上神經(jīng)喉上神經(jīng)喉內(nèi)支喉內(nèi)支喉上神經(jīng)喉上神經(jīng)喉外支喉外支Superior laryngeal n.標(biāo)本觀察標(biāo)本觀察舌下神經(jīng)舌下神經(jīng)舌神經(jīng)和下頜下神經(jīng)節(jié)標(biāo)本標(biāo)本觀察觀察膈神經(jīng)迷走神經(jīng)胸部的分支喉返神經(jīng)喉