現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別（課堂PPT）

1、 ThePresentTense 英語課件2一一. .表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或事情或事情, ,但動作或事情現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束。但動作或事情現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束。eg：1. Someone has just turned off the light.有人剛把燈關(guān)了。有人剛把燈關(guān)了。 2. I have already finished my homework.我已經(jīng)完成了家作。我已經(jīng)完成了家作。二二. .表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或事情或事情, ,但動作或事情可能仍在繼續(xù)。但動作或事

2、情可能仍在繼續(xù)。3eg：1. I want to see how much the place changed since I saw it last.我想看看從上次見到那地方以來它發(fā)生了多大變化。我想看看從上次見到那地方以來它發(fā)生了多大變化。 2. I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已經(jīng)學(xué)了我已經(jīng)學(xué)了1010多年的英語。多年的英語。三三. .表示人曾有過或到目前為止從未有過的經(jīng)歷表示人曾有過或到目前為止從未有過的經(jīng)歷. .eg：1. Have you ever been to the Summar Palace?你曾去過頤和園嗎你曾

3、去過頤和園嗎? 2. I have never had a car.我從未有過汽車。我從未有過汽車。4四四. .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還常與句型現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還常與句型 This is the first time，Its the first time 連用。連用。eg：1.This is the first time he has driven a car .這是他第一次開車。這是他第一次開車。五五. .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和最高級連用表示到現(xiàn)在為止是最現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和最高級連用表示到現(xiàn)在為止是最的。的。What a boring film！Its the most boring film Ive ever seen.現(xiàn)

4、在完成時(shí)除了上述主要用法之外，還有一些其它用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)除了上述主要用法之外，還有一些其它用法，在此不一一講解，請學(xué)生自已學(xué)習(xí)、掌握。法，在此不一一講解，請學(xué)生自已學(xué)習(xí)、掌握。一部多么令人厭煩的電影??！一部多么令人厭煩的電影??！這是我看過的最令人厭煩的電影。這是我看過的最令人厭煩的電影。5現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別6第一單元已講解了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，第一單元已講解了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，在第一冊中也已講解了一般過在第一冊中也已講解了一般過去時(shí)的主要用法。現(xiàn)將這兩種去時(shí)的主要用法?，F(xiàn)將這兩種時(shí)態(tài)的用法加以區(qū)別，以便使時(shí)態(tài)的用法加以區(qū)別，以便使學(xué)生更好地掌握，區(qū)別兩者的學(xué)生更好地掌握，區(qū)別兩者的不同用法。不同用法

5、。7一一. .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)都是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)都是說過去的事情，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)注意說過去的事情，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)注意的不是事情本身，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)事情與的不是事情本身，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)事情與現(xiàn)在保持的某種密切聯(lián)系（如現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在保持的某種密切聯(lián)系（如現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果，影響的結(jié)果，影響, ,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在等）等）; ;而一般過去時(shí)，則只表示發(fā)而一般過去時(shí)，則只表示發(fā)生在過去的動作和事情與現(xiàn)在沒有生在過去的動作和事情與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系關(guān)系。 8eg：1. He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已經(jīng)他已經(jīng)買了一本英漢字典。買了一本英漢字典。eg：2.

6、 He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾他曾買過一本英漢字典。買過一本英漢字典。 第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)，意為：第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)，意為：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it” “過去他買過去他買了一本英漢字典，現(xiàn)在他還有這本字典了一本英漢字典，現(xiàn)在他還有這本字典” 。 第二句用過去時(shí)只敘述過去他買過一本英漢字典這一第二句用過去時(shí)只敘述過去他買過一本英漢字典這一事實(shí)，至于現(xiàn)在他是否有這本字典并未強(qiáng)調(diào)說明。事實(shí)，至于現(xiàn)在他是否有這本字典并未強(qiáng)調(diào)說明。9二當(dāng)有一

7、個(gè)表示過去某一特定時(shí)間的狀語時(shí)，不二當(dāng)有一個(gè)表示過去某一特定時(shí)間的狀語時(shí)，不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而用一般過去時(shí)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而用一般過去時(shí): : eg：1. I saw the film on television yesterday . 但但since(since(自自以來以來)+)+某一過去時(shí)間或敘述過去事情的某一過去時(shí)間或敘述過去事情的從句總是與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。從句總是與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。eg：1. They have known each other since 1950 . 2. Since he was a child,he has lived in England.10三常與一般過去時(shí)連

8、用的典型的表示過去時(shí)間的狀語三常與一般過去時(shí)連用的典型的表示過去時(shí)間的狀語yesterday(昨天昨天),the other day (前兩天前兩天),just now(剛才剛才)，時(shí)間時(shí)間+ ago,last +時(shí)間時(shí)間 ; etc; eg: 1. The plane took off ten minutes ago 飛機(jī)十分鐘前起飛了。飛機(jī)十分鐘前起飛了。 eg: 2. We finished our task last week .我們上周完成了我們的任務(wù)。我們上周完成了我們的任務(wù)。11四常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的表示到現(xiàn)在為止這段四常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的表示到現(xiàn)在為止這段時(shí)間的詞短語或從句時(shí)間

9、的詞短語或從句: : so far (到現(xiàn)在為止到現(xiàn)在為止)，up to (till,until)now直到現(xiàn)直到現(xiàn)在，在，lately（最近）（最近）yet ,since+過去時(shí)間或敘述過過去時(shí)間或敘述過去事情的從句。去事情的從句。eg：1. The weather has been hot so far this summer 到目前為止，今夏天氣一直很熱。到目前為止，今夏天氣一直很熱。2.I havent seen her yet .我還未見到過她。我還未見到過她。 12五可與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，也可與一般過去時(shí)連用五可與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，也可與一般過去時(shí)連用 的時(shí)間狀語：的時(shí)間狀語： for

10、 +時(shí)間時(shí)間 ，this +時(shí)間時(shí)間表示不確定時(shí)間：表示不確定時(shí)間：ever,never,before,just,recently,already13eg: 1.I have learnt English for three years. 我學(xué)英語（到現(xiàn)在）三年了（仍在學(xué)）。我學(xué)英語（到現(xiàn)在）三年了（仍在學(xué)）。2.I learnt English for three years.我學(xué)了三年英語（現(xiàn)在不學(xué)了）。我學(xué)了三年英語（現(xiàn)在不學(xué)了）。3.I have written two letters this morning 今天上午我寫了兩封信，今天上午我寫了兩封信，( (說話時(shí)仍是上午說話時(shí)仍是

11、上午) )。4.I wrote two letters this morning .今天上午我寫了兩封信，（下午或晚上說的）。今天上午我寫了兩封信，（下午或晚上說的）。 注：表示不確定時(shí)間的狀語，在句中無其它特定的注：表示不確定時(shí)間的狀語，在句中無其它特定的過去時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，或無表示過去動作的從句時(shí)常與過去時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，或無表示過去動作的從句時(shí)常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。eg:1. I have not written to my parents recently. 我最近一直未給父母寫信。我最近一直未給父母寫信。2. I have met him many times before.我以

12、前見過他多次。我以前見過他多次。14現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的主要用法15表示一個(gè)持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間，剛剛結(jié)束或仍在繼續(xù)進(jìn)行的表示一個(gè)持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間，剛剛結(jié)束或仍在繼續(xù)進(jìn)行的動作。與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有所有同的是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作。與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有所有同的是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作本身或動作的持續(xù)性、持久性動作本身或動作的持續(xù)性、持久性。eg：1. Weve been looking for you everywhere.where have you been?我們一直在到處找你，你上哪兒去了？我們一直在到處找你，你上哪兒去了？ 2. What have you been doing?你一直在做什么？你一直在做什么

13、？ 3. Ive been writing a laboratory report. 我一直在寫實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告。我一直在寫實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告。 PART B:EXERCISESPART B:EXERCISES17 一.Find the choice :1.When I was at school,I_to the library every day.A.go B.was going C.have goneD.went2.The new books_yet. A.havent arrived B.hast arrived C.didnt arrive D.dont arrive3._you ever_to sh

14、anghai. A.Havent arrived B.Hasnt arrived C.Didnt arrived D.Havebeen184.He_his lunch. A.had B.have had C.has had D.ate5.For years,doctors_millions of patients lives with the help of microscopes. A.saved B.have saved C.has saved D.were saving196.I was so happy to see John again last Sunday ,We _each o

15、ther for more than two years. A.havent seen B.hadnt seen C.didnt see D.hasnt seen7.We _three lessons this month. A.have learned B.learned C.has learned D.were having208.I_to Paris several times. A.went B.have gone C.have been D.was going9.Alice _ in china for ten years. A. has lived B.have lived C.l

16、ived D.has live 2110.My uncle _in this city since 1980. A.lives B.have lived C.has lived D.lived11.By now old Wang _in that factory for twenty years. A.have worked B.worked C.works D.has worked2212.Christianity(基督教基督教) has become a worldwide religion(宗教宗教) since it _almost two years ago. A. begin B.

17、begins C.began D. has begin13.Shakespeare _many plays such as Hamlet,and Romeo And Juliet. A.writes B.have written C.wrote D.has written2314.When we lived in phoenix we _at Arizona State university.A.studied B.have studied C.study D.were studying15.I wrote to my parents three month ago but I_to my p

18、arents lately. A.havent written B.dont write C.didnt write D.will not write2416.Li Ming _to Shanghai.He will be back next month. A.went B.have gone C.has gone D.will go 17.She _an actress for some time . A.was B.being C.is D.has been2518.Professor Chen _our exams yet. A.didnt mark B.hasntmarked C.wi

19、ll not mark D.havent marked19.He left last year and_away ever since. A.is B.have been C.was D.has been20. I_my task the other day.A.finished B.have finished C.finish D.will finish 26二. choose the one that is wrong:1.I lived in this city since I was a child .2.I lost my pen, I have to write with a pe

20、ncil .3.Hangzhou is the most beautiful city I saw . 4.She has read the book last week . C275.My classmates and I have visited the memorial hall of chairman Mao yesterday .6.My grandmother has lived with us since my grandfather has died six years ago . 287.After breakfast she takes a walk to buy the

21、morning paper she does this every morning for ten years .8.It was very hot lately ,but its beginning to get a bit cooler .9.Have you gone to the great wall?Yes,I have ,I went there last Sunday .29三.Fill in the blanks For the last three days I 1_(work ) hard.When we moved in three days ago ,everythin

22、g was in a mess ,but now I 2 almost ( finish) the job. Today I 3 (work)since breakfast and 4 (not have )anything to eat . Anne 5 (bring )me a sandwich an hour ago but I 6 (tell) her not to come into the kitchen.30I 7 (never,forget) what 8 (happen) several years ago when she tried to help me ,I 9 (hot have )many accidents since then