八下英語Unit53a

1、UNIT 5UNIT 5Grammar Focus, Section A (4a-4c) Section B (1a-1d)Write each phrase in English.大風(fēng)大風(fēng)大暴風(fēng)雨大暴風(fēng)雨睡著睡著醒來醒來亂七八糟亂七八糟打掃打掃接電話接電話洗淋浴洗淋浴在那時(shí)在那時(shí)確保確保相互幫助相互幫助感覺像感覺像strong winda heavy rainstormfall asleepwake upin a messclean uppick uptake a showerat that timemake surehelp each otherfeel like1. 昨晚八點(diǎn)你正在做什么

2、？昨晚八點(diǎn)你正在做什么？ What _ you _ at eight last night?2. 我正在洗澡。我正在洗澡。 _ _ a shower.3. 在下暴風(fēng)雨的時(shí)候她正在做什么？在下暴風(fēng)雨的時(shí)候她正在做什么？ _ was she doing _ _ _ of the rainstorm?was takingwere doing根據(jù)課本內(nèi)容，完成下列句子。根據(jù)課本內(nèi)容，完成下列句子。 What at the time4. 她正在做家庭作業(yè)。她正在做家庭作業(yè)。 She _ _ her _. 5. 在暴風(fēng)雨來臨的時(shí)候他正在做什么？在暴風(fēng)雨來臨的時(shí)候他正在做什么？ What _ he _ wh

3、en the _ _?6. 當(dāng)暴風(fēng)雨來臨的時(shí)候她正在圖書館讀書。當(dāng)暴風(fēng)雨來臨的時(shí)候她正在圖書館讀書。 She _ _ in the library when the rainstorm _.was doing homeworkwas doing rainstormwas readingcamecame7. 當(dāng)開始下大暴風(fēng)雨的時(shí)候當(dāng)開始下大暴風(fēng)雨的時(shí)候Ben正在做什么？正在做什么？ What _ Ben _ _ it began to _ _?8. 當(dāng)開始下雨時(shí)，當(dāng)開始下雨時(shí)，Ben正在幫他媽媽做晚飯。正在幫他媽媽做晚飯。 When it began to rain, Ben _ _ his m

4、om _ _. was doing when rain heavilywas helpingmake dinner9. 當(dāng)當(dāng)Linda在睡覺的時(shí)候在睡覺的時(shí)候Jenny正在做什么？正在做什么？ What _ Jenny _ _ Linda _ _?10.當(dāng)當(dāng)Linda在睡覺的時(shí)候在睡覺的時(shí)候Jenny正在幫助正在幫助Mary做家庭作業(yè)。做家庭作業(yè)。 _ Linda was sleeping, Jenny _ _ Mary _ her _. was doing while was sleepingwaswith homeworkWhilehelping含義含義： 表示表示過去過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻某個(gè)時(shí)刻

5、正在進(jìn)行正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。的動(dòng)作。結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)： be (was/were) + doing例句例句：你昨晚六點(diǎn)在干什么？你昨晚六點(diǎn)在干什么？What were you doing at six last night?我昨晚六點(diǎn)正在做家庭作業(yè)。我昨晚六點(diǎn)正在做家庭作業(yè)。I was doing homework at six last night. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法的用法: a: 表示過去表示過去某一時(shí)刻某一時(shí)刻正進(jìn)行的行為正進(jìn)行的行為, 與特定的過與特定的過去時(shí)間狀語連用去時(shí)間狀語連用,常見的時(shí)間有常見的時(shí)間有: at 8 last night, at this time, at that

6、 time, at that moment 等。等。e.g. 昨天早上十點(diǎn)你正在做什么？昨天早上十點(diǎn)你正在做什么？What were you doing at 10 yesterday morning? 我那時(shí)候正在給我爸爸寫信。我那時(shí)候正在給我爸爸寫信。I was writing a letter to my father at that moment.b: 表示過去表示過去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。e.g. 我們?nèi)ツ甓煸诮ǚ孔印Ｎ覀內(nèi)ツ甓煸诮ǚ孔?。We were building a house last winter.否定句和疑問句：否定句和疑問句：e.g. 我

7、們（那會(huì)）沒有在家睡覺。我們（那會(huì)）沒有在家睡覺。We were not sleeping at home. 他感覺還好嗎？他感覺還好嗎？Was he feeling well? 現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成1)一般動(dòng)詞在詞尾加一般動(dòng)詞在詞尾加-ing, 如如go-going。2) 以不發(fā)音字母以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞, 先去掉先去掉e, 再加再加-ing。 come-coming make-making writewriting3) 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞, 如果末尾以一個(gè)如果末尾以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾輔音字母結(jié)尾, 應(yīng)先雙寫這個(gè)字母應(yīng)先雙寫這個(gè)字母, 再加再加i

8、ng，x和和w結(jié)尾的除外。結(jié)尾的除外。如如: get-getting swim-swimming show-showing 4) 以字母以字母y結(jié)尾的單詞結(jié)尾的單詞, 直接加直接加ing。 如如carrying、playing、studying。5) 以字母以字母ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞, 變變ie為為y, 再加再加ing。 diedying lielying6) 以元音字母加以元音字母加e結(jié)尾結(jié)尾, 或以或以e結(jié)尾結(jié)尾, 且且e發(fā)音的發(fā)音的 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞, 直接加直接加- ing。 see-seeing be-being使用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)使用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)1)一些動(dòng)詞一些動(dòng)詞, 如如se

9、e、hear、love、like、know、 remember、 understand、have等表示感情、等表示感情、 知覺和狀態(tài)的詞知覺和狀態(tài)的詞, 一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。2) 在在there和和here引起的句子中引起的句子中, 常用一般現(xiàn)在常用一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。e.g. 公交車來了。公交車來了。 鈴聲響了。鈴聲響了。Here comes the bus.There goes the bell.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別過去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別1) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作, 而一般過去時(shí)則表示一

10、個(gè)完整的動(dòng)作。而一般過去時(shí)則表示一個(gè)完整的動(dòng)作。如：如：They were writing letters to their friends last night. 昨晚他們?cè)趯懶沤o他們的朋友。昨晚他們?cè)趯懶沤o他們的朋友。(沒有說明信是否寫完沒有說明信是否寫完)They wrote letters to their friends last night . 他們昨晚寫了信給他們的朋友。他們昨晚寫了信給他們的朋友。(表達(dá)了他們已寫好的意思表達(dá)了他們已寫好的意思, 整個(gè)寫的過程已完成整個(gè)寫的過程已完成)2) 當(dāng)動(dòng)作延續(xù)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間時(shí)或表示厭煩、贊美等當(dāng)動(dòng)作延續(xù)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間時(shí)或表示厭煩、贊美等感情色彩時(shí)感情

11、色彩時(shí), 常用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示。如：常用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示。如：He was thinking more of others than of himself.他考慮別人的比考慮自己的多。他考慮別人的比考慮自己的多。(表示說話者贊揚(yáng)的口氣表示說話者贊揚(yáng)的口氣)The boy was always making trouble then .那時(shí)那時(shí), 他總是惹麻煩。他總是惹麻煩。(表示說話者厭煩的口氣表示說話者厭煩的口氣)過去過去進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)含義含義: : 表示表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻 正在進(jìn)行正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。的動(dòng)作。結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： was/were + doing例句：例句：I was having

12、 an English class at this time yesterday. 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)含義含義: 表示表示現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 正在進(jìn)行正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。的動(dòng)作。結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)： is/am/are + doing例句例句：I am having an English class. Fill in the blanks.1. What _ (be) you _ (do) when he arrived?2. Jim_ (sleep) when I came in.3. They _ (watch) TV at 8:00 yesterday evening.4. Now he _ (read) a

13、nd _ (write). were doingwas sleepingwere watchingis reading writing 1. Paul and I _tennis yesterday. He did much better than I. playB. will playC. played D. are playing2. -Why didnt you answer my telephone yesterday?-Sorry. I _ a bath.A. took B. take C. am taking D. was taking3. Mr. Black is going t

14、o marry a girl he _ in Japan last year. meets B. metC. has metD. would meet4. I met a good friend of mine while I _ on the street.A. walksB. walkC. was walking D. am walkingwhen和和while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句1) 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞指動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)一段時(shí)間指動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)一段時(shí)間, 而不而不是瞬間結(jié)束。是瞬間結(jié)束。 如如: work、study、drin

15、k、eat等。等。 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞指動(dòng)作極為短暫，瞬間結(jié)束。指動(dòng)作極為短暫，瞬間結(jié)束。 如如: start、begin、hit、jump、knock等。等。2) 在本單元中在本單元中, 出現(xiàn)了以出現(xiàn)了以when和和while引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的 時(shí)間狀語從句。時(shí)間狀語從句。when表示表示“當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候的時(shí)候”。從句中既可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞從句中既可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞, 又可用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞又可用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞, 這些動(dòng)詞既可以表示動(dòng)作這些動(dòng)詞既可以表示動(dòng)作, 又可表示狀態(tài)。又可表示狀態(tài)。從句中的動(dòng)作既可和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生從句中的動(dòng)作既可和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生, 又可在主句的動(dòng)作之前或之后發(fā)生。又可在主句的動(dòng)

16、作之前或之后發(fā)生。Mary was having dinner when I saw her.The boy was still sleeping when his mother got home yesterday morning.當(dāng)我看到當(dāng)我看到Mary的時(shí)候她正在吃飯。的時(shí)候她正在吃飯。當(dāng)他媽媽昨天早上到家的時(shí)候，這個(gè)男孩仍當(dāng)他媽媽昨天早上到家的時(shí)候，這個(gè)男孩仍然在睡覺。然在睡覺。whilewhile表示表示“在在的時(shí)候的時(shí)候”、“在在期間期間”。它強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或它強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作過程中。主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作過程中

17、。WhileWhile從句中必須是表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。從句中必須是表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：當(dāng)我們?cè)诒本┑臅r(shí)候天氣很好。如：當(dāng)我們?cè)诒本┑臅r(shí)候天氣很好。 在我出去的那段時(shí)間里她打電話來了。在我出去的那段時(shí)間里她打電話來了。The weather was fine while we were in Beijing.She called while I was out.如果主句的動(dòng)作在從句的動(dòng)作過程中發(fā)生，如果主句的動(dòng)作在從句的動(dòng)作過程中發(fā)生，從句常用進(jìn)行時(shí)。從句常用進(jìn)行時(shí)。如如:當(dāng)我們?cè)谟斡镜臅r(shí)候，一個(gè)人偷走了我們的衣服。當(dāng)我們?cè)谟斡镜臅r(shí)候，一個(gè)人偷走了我們的衣服。當(dāng)其他人在工作的

18、時(shí)候不要這么大聲說話。當(dāng)其他人在工作的時(shí)候不要這么大聲說話。While we were swimming someone stole our clothes .Dont talk so loud while others are working. 總結(jié)總結(jié) 1) when可指時(shí)間點(diǎn)可指時(shí)間點(diǎn), 又可指時(shí)間段又可指時(shí)間段, 從句中從句中 可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞, 也可用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。也可用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 2) while總是指一個(gè)時(shí)間段總是指一個(gè)時(shí)間段, 從句中必須用延從句中必須用延 續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。1. _ Jennifer was reading a magazine, his s

19、ister was listening to the pop music.A. WhileB. WhenC. What time2. I was trying to draw a cat on the board _ the teacher came in.A. whileB. whenC. what time3. My best friend visited my house while I _ dinner in the kitchen.A. cookedB. cookingC. was cooking練一練練一練A B C Look at the table and write sent

20、ences with both while and when.4aJohnMarytake photosbuy a drinkplay the pianoleave the houseclean his roomturn on the radioshoptake the car to the car washWhile John was taking photos, Mary bought a drink._John was taking photos when Mary bought a drink.Fill in the blanks with was, were, when or whi

21、le.4bAt 7:00 a.m., I woke up. _ I _ making my breakfast, my brother _ listening to the radio. _ I was eating, the radio news talked about a car accident near our home. My brother and I went out right away to have a look. _ we got to the place of the accident, the car _ in bad shape from hitting a tr

22、ee. But luckily, the driver _ fine. The roads _ icy because of the heavy snow from the night before.wasWhenwaswaswerewasWhileWhileWhat were you doing at these times last Sunday? Fill in the chart. Then ask your partner.4cYouYour partner9:00 a.m.11:30 a.m.4:00 p.m.9:00 p.m.What were you doing at last

23、 Sunday?9:00 a.m.11:30 a.m.4:00 p.m.9:00 p.m.A: What were you doing at nine oclock last Sunday morning?B: I was sleeping. How about you?A: I was doing my homework.B: Youre kidding! v. 欺騙欺騙; 戲弄戲弄; 開玩笑開玩笑What was the event? What was the reason why you were late or couldnt go? 1aThink of a time when yo

24、u were late for or couldnt go to an event. Answer the questions below and tell your partner the story.1bListen and write short answers to the questions. What event happened at the school yesterday? Who missed the event? Which team won at the event?The school basketball competition.Kate.Johns team.1c

25、Listen again. Number the events 1-6 in the order they happened.23456John: Hey, Kate, why werent you at the school basketball competition yesterday? I called you so many times, but you didnt answer.Kate: Sorry, John. I left my phone at home.John: What were you doing at the time of the competition?Kat

26、e: Well, I left my house late and when the competition started, I was still making my way to school.John: Then what happened? Kate: When I got to the bus stop, I realized that my bag was still at home!John: But why didnt you just go home to get your bag?Kate: I did, but while I was running back home, I saw a dog by the side of the road and it was hurt.John: Oh, Im sure you helped the dog. I know how much you love animals.Kate: Yes, I wanted to call the Animal Helpline, but I didnt have my phone so I had to wait for someone to walk by. Then I used his phone to call the h