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1、 Consonant clusters A consonant cluster is a group of two, three, or even four consonant pronounced together. Consonants clusters can be very difficult for many speakers. There are no vowel sounds to separate the consonants in the cluster. When pronouncing cluster sounds, be careful not to insert a

2、vowel between cluster sounds. Otherwise, you would create a completely different word than intended. Now, lets look at few of the most difficult consonant clusters.l兩個相同或相近的音位,在發(fā)音過程中因受某種影響,而變得不同或不相近,這種現(xiàn)象叫做異化。l異化也稱輔音的濁化現(xiàn)象,s后面的清輔音當連接一個元音時(一般出現(xiàn)在重讀音階上),s后面的清輔音受后面的元音影響,在實際法音中要讀成與其相對應(yīng)的濁輔音,在語音分析中稱為濁化。(1)sp

3、+元音l口語中讀音為 sb+元音 spend v. 花費lHow do you spend you leisure? 你是怎樣消磨空閑時間的。lHe spends a lot of time with his girlfriend. 他花了很多時間與他女朋友泡在一起。lSpeak v.說話;談話l Actions speak louder than words. 事實勝于雄辯lI must speak with my son about his cigarette smoking. 我必須同我的兒子談一談他的吸煙問題。(2)sk+元音l口語中讀音為 sg+元音lscare v.驚嚇;受驚lIm

4、 so scared. 我很怕。lYou scared me. 你嚇了我一跳。lSchool n.學(xué)校lHe has studied English in school for two years. 他在學(xué)校學(xué)過兩年英語。lIf I were a millionaire, I would start a school. 如果我是一個百萬富翁,我將辦一所學(xué)校 (3)st+元音l口語中讀音為 sd+元音lIf you are ready, you may start you work. 如果你準備好了,你可以開始工作了。lHe was so excited that he started to c

5、ry. 他激動的熱淚盈眶。lDid you stay up late last night? 作業(yè)你熬的很晚嗎?lA: What steps are you taking in the matterlIf you are ready, you may start you work. lHe was so excited that he started to cry. 他激動的熱淚盈眶。lHe came yesterday and he is still here. 他昨天來的,現(xiàn)仍在此。lHe is dull; still, he tries hard. 雖然笨,可是他很刻苦。lDid you

6、 stay up late last night? 作業(yè)你熬的很晚嗎?lA: What steps are you taking in the matter? 這件事你打算怎么辦?lB: Were dealing with it step by step. 一步一步來。(4)str+元音l口語中讀音為sdr+元音lstrike v.敲;打He struck me with a stick. 他用棍子打我。lA: How does the idea strike you?你感覺那注意怎樣?B: The plan strikes me as ridiculous. 我覺得這項計劃笑。lStrang

7、e v.奇怪;陌生The work is still strange to him. 他對這項工作仍很陌生。Who is that strange man over there? 那邊的陌生人誰?lAre you embarrassed about talking to strangers? 你和陌生人說話會感到不好意思嗎?QUlK-w音的拼寫通常是q-u,開始時,雙唇呈圓形,就像小號一樣。再抬起舌頭的后部并頂住軟腭,截住氣流,然后讓氣流把舌頭往下壓,并從舌床上經(jīng)過。lQualm,quiet, quit, quest, quilt, quiz,lQuail, queen, quirk, qui

8、ck, quite, quality, quarrel, quarry, quartlAlice was queen for a day.lIts not quite enough yet.lDont quake in your books.lGo in there and quit.lLets have a quick lunch on the quad.p+j輔音連綴l發(fā)音時,爆破音p必須十分輕而短促,爆破音p在發(fā)音時,第二個輔音j的發(fā)音已經(jīng)做好了準備,爆破音p的爆破音與第二個輔音j的發(fā)音同時進行,這是掌握好這一類輔音連綴的關(guān)鍵。l比較常見的錯誤是在第一和第二輔音之間添加元音E,主要原因是

9、爆破音先發(fā)生了爆破。l糾正方法是:爆破音p的爆破必須與第二個輔音j的發(fā)音同時進行。l Pure pjJr 純正,清純的,不摻雜的l This is the pure truth. 這完全是事實。l Li yang speaks pure American English. 李陽講一口純正的美式英語。l It was a pure accident. 這完全是一次意外事故。l The air is pure around here. 這一帶的空氣清新潔凈。+l輔音連綴發(fā)音時,爆破音必須十分輕而短促,爆破音在發(fā)音時,第二個輔音l的發(fā)音已經(jīng)做好了準備,爆破音的爆破音與第二個輔音l的發(fā)音同時進行,這是

10、掌握好這一類輔音連綴的關(guān)鍵。比較常見的錯誤是在第一和第二輔音之間添加元音E,主要原因是爆破音先發(fā)生了爆破。糾正方法是:爆破音的爆破必須與第二個輔音l的發(fā)音同時進行。Blame blem 責備l A: Who is to blame? 該怪誰?lB: You cant blame anyone. 你不能怪任何人。lC: I am very much to blame. 都怪我不好。lD: Dont blame it on him, but on me. 別怪他,都怪我。l Blame me, its my fault. 怪我,都是我的錯 +r輔音連綴l發(fā)音時,爆破音必須十分輕而短促,爆破音在發(fā)音

11、時,第二個輔音r的發(fā)音已經(jīng)做好了準備,爆破音的爆破音與第二個輔音 r的發(fā)音同時進行,這是掌握好這一類輔音連綴的關(guān)鍵。l 比較常見的錯誤是在第一和第二輔音之間添加元音E,主要原因是爆破音先發(fā)生了爆破。l 糾正方法是:爆破音的爆破必須與第二個輔音r的發(fā)音同時進行。l Bring brIN 拿來,帶來,帶給l What has brought you here? 哪陣風把你吹來了?l What brings you here today? 今天是什么風把你吹來了?l May I bring you home. 我可以陪你回家嗎?l I brought home a duck for dinner.

12、我為晚餐帶回一只鴨子。lBright brBIt 輝煌的l You have a bright future.lBreak brek 休息,暫停l Lets break for 10 minutes. 讓我們休息10分鐘。k+l輔音連綴l發(fā)音時,爆破音k必須十分輕而短促,爆破音k在發(fā)音時,第二個輔音l的發(fā)音已經(jīng)做好了準備,爆破音k的爆破音與第二個輔音l的發(fā)音同時進行,這是掌握好這一類輔音連綴的關(guān)鍵。l 比較常見的錯誤是在第一和第二輔音之間添加元音E,主要原因是爆破音先發(fā)生了爆破。l 糾正方法是:爆破音k的爆破必須與第二個輔音l的發(fā)音同時進行。l Clear klIr 明白的,清楚的l Youl

13、l do as youre told, is that clear? 讓你怎么做就怎么做,明白嗎?l I hope your troubles clear up soon. 我希望你的困難盡快了結(jié)。l She seems quite clear about her plans. k+r輔音連綴l發(fā)音時,爆破音k必須十分輕而短促,爆破音k在發(fā)音時,第二個輔音r的發(fā)音已經(jīng)做好了準備,爆破音k的爆破音與第二個輔音r的發(fā)音同時進行,這是掌握好這一類輔音連綴的關(guān)鍵。l 比較常見的錯誤是在第一和第二輔音之間添加元音E,主要原因是爆破音先發(fā)生了爆破。l 糾正方法是:爆破音k的爆破必須與第二個輔音r的發(fā)音同時

14、進行。 Cry krBI 哭泣l Cry on my shoulder. 把委屈告訴我吧。l A: Why are you crying? 你為什么哭?lB: My boyfriend and I broke up. 我和我的男朋友分手了。lCrazy krezI 瘋狂的l Im crazy about you. 我為你瘋狂。l It drives me crazy. 它使我瘋了。l The girls all went crazy over him. 姑娘們都為他神魂顛倒。k+j輔音連綴l發(fā)音時,爆破音k必須十分輕而短促,爆破音k在發(fā)音時,第二個輔音j的發(fā)音已經(jīng)做好了準備,爆破音k的爆破音與

15、第二個輔音j的發(fā)音同時進行,這是掌握好這一類輔音連綴的關(guān)鍵。l 比較常見的錯誤是在第一和第二輔音之間添加元音E,主要原因是爆破音先發(fā)生了爆破。l 糾正方法是:爆破音k的爆破必須與第二個輔音j的發(fā)音同時進行。l Cure kjJr 治療l The wound cures easily. 這種傷很容易痊愈。l I hope the doctor can cure the pain in my shoulder. 我希望醫(yī)生能治好我肩上的疼痛。lThis medicine will cure you of your stomachache. l詞首三個輔音連綴在口語中的讀音技巧(1)lsp+l在發(fā)音

16、時,第一個摩擦音s讀得短而輕,第二個爆破音p在發(fā)音時必須少送氣并與第三個輔音l同時進行完成發(fā)音。三個輔音之間不能加元音E。l Split splIt 分離lMy head is splitting. 我頭疼欲裂。lMy trousers split I sat down.l當我坐下時,褲子被撕開了。l Splash splAF 濺,斑點lDont splash me: I dont want to get wet. l不要往我身上濺水,我不想弄濕。lThe paper splashed the story on page one. 報紙在頭版報道了這件事。lIt was a splendid

17、day to splash in the pool.lLets splurge on a good movie.lMy son wore a splint to school.lTheres a splotch of ink on your dress.lSplat went the boy with his feet all sprayed out.lLets splurge on a double ice cream cone.lCan you help me take out this splinter?l詞首三個輔音連綴在口語中的讀音技巧(2)l sp+r在發(fā)音時,第一個摩擦音s讀得短

18、而輕,第二個爆破音p在發(fā)音時必須少送氣并與第三個輔音r同時進行完成發(fā)音。三個輔音之間不能加元音E。lSpring sprIN 躍起,彈性lHer walk has a lot of spring in it. l她的步伐輕快有活力。lWhen people say unkind thing about her husband, she springs to his defense.當人們說她丈夫的壞話時,他立刻站出來替他辯護。l Spread sprZd 船舶,散布 The rumor quickly spread through the village. 謠言很快在村子里 lSpring h

19、as sprung today.lSpread the toast with fresh butter.lDont sprint across my yard.lWhat a spry old man!lSpray off after your sprint.lSpruce up for a night on the town.lHow did you sprain your ankle.lThe bike chain needs some new sprockets.lWere ready for that shopping spree.lTry putting a few sprigs o

20、f fern in the bouquetl詞首三個輔音連綴在口語中的讀音技巧(3)l st+r在發(fā)音時,第一個摩擦音s讀得短而輕,第二個爆破音t在發(fā)音時必須少送氣并與第三個輔音r同時進行完成發(fā)音。三個輔音之間不能加元音E。l Strict strIkt 嚴厲的,嚴格的lHe was a strict father. 他曾是一位嚴厲的父親。lHe told the strict truth. 他講的是千真萬確的實情。lOur teacher is strict; we have to do what she says.l我們的老師很嚴格,我們不得不按她說的去做。lStream strim 流l

21、Tears streamed down her cheeks. l熱淚從她臉上流下。lThe students streamed into the auditorium. l學(xué)生們絡(luò)繹不絕地進入禮堂。lHer long hair was streaming in the wind. l她的長發(fā)在風中飄動。l詞首三個輔音連綴在口語中的讀音技巧(4)l st+j在發(fā)音時,第一個摩擦音s讀得短而輕,第二個爆破音t在發(fā)音時必須少送氣并與第三個輔音j同時進行完成發(fā)音。三個輔音之間不能加元音E。lStupor stjupL 昏迷lThe drunken man fell to the floor in a

22、 stupor. 這個醉鬼昏迷不醒,倒在地上。l Stupid stjupId 愚蠢的lHow stupid of him to ask such a question! 他問這樣的問題,多蠢!lThis book is so stupid, I dont want to finish it. 這本書太無聊了,我不想看下去了。lHe makes the same mistakes over and over, he is so stupid! 他這個錯誤重復(fù)犯過多次。l詞首三個輔音連綴在口語中的讀音技巧(5)l sk+w在發(fā)音時,第一個摩擦音s讀得短而輕,第二個爆破音k在發(fā)音時必須少送氣并與第

23、三個輔音w同時進行完成發(fā)音。三個輔音之間不能加元音E。l Square skwZr 公平的;結(jié)清的lThe fighters squared off against each other. 斗士彼此之間公平競爭。 They gave us a square deal. 他們和我們公平交易 He tried to square himself with his parents. 他盡量使他與父母關(guān)系融洽。lHere is the $5 I owe you, so now we are square. l我把我欠你的5美元還給你,現(xiàn)在我們兩清了。lHis practice does not squ

24、are with his principles. l他的行為與主張不符。lIf you ask her for the truth, shell be square with you.l你如果問他事情真相,她會誠實地告訴你。lHow can you live in such squalor?lBilly squirted Bob with a squirt gun.lSquirrels never squander acorns.lStop your squirming!lWhen Sam squashed the bug it squished beneath his shoe.l詞首三個輔

25、音連綴在口語中的讀音技巧(6)l sk+r在發(fā)音時,第一個摩擦音s讀得短而輕,第二個爆破音k在發(fā)音時必須少送氣并與第三個輔音r同時進行完成發(fā)音。三個輔音之間不能加元音E。l Scream skrim 喊叫聲;可笑的l Screech skritF 尖叫聲l Scrub skrQb 洗擦,擦凈l Screw skru 歪曲;欺騙lHe was a perfect scream. 他是極其可笑的。 “Leave me alone!” he screeched. “別理我!”他扯著嗓子喊。l Dont forget to scrub behind your ears. l不要忘了把你的耳朵后面洗干凈

26、。lIm afraid you got screwed, friend. l朋友,恐怕你上當了。lHe screwed the facts to suit his own purposes. l他為達到他自己的目的而歪曲事實。l詞尾三個輔音連綴在口語中的發(fā)音技巧l 有些單詞的詞尾已有輔音連綴ft、st、ld、nd、nz、ks、ps、sk等,如再加上 s、z、t、d,則形成三個輔音的連綴。l rest +s=rests rZsts 寄托;仍然l bend +s=bends bZndz 順從;屈服l ask +ed=asked Askt 請l bronze +d=bronzed brBnzd 褐色

27、lOur hope rests on you. 我們的希望寄托在你的身上。lThe affair rests with the judge. 這件事仍然是個謎。lShe bends to her husbands will. 她順從她丈夫的意志。 I asked Stone to help me. 我請石頭幫助我。lHis face was bronzed by the sun. l 他的臉被太陽曬成褐色。s+m輔音連綴lsmart 聰明 s發(fā)音時輕而短促;m發(fā)音時長而響亮。lHes a smart businessman.他是一個精明的商人。lThe dentists drill left

28、his tooth smarting. 牙醫(yī)把他的牙修理得很漂亮。lThey were all hungry and the food smelled good. 他們都餓啦,因而感到飯菜噴香。 Its a small world. 這世界真小。l:發(fā)音時:第一個輔音s發(fā)音必須輕而短促,第二個輔音m發(fā)音長而響亮,聲音由弱到強;由輕到響;由短到長。中國學(xué)生很容易把輔音s拉得過長,這是因為沒有掌握好這類輔音連綴的特點。s+n輔音連綴lsnow 雪 s發(fā)音時輕而短促;n發(fā)音時長而響亮。 His shirt is a white as snow.他的襯衫潔白如雪。It snowed all last

29、night 昨天下了整整一夜的雪。There is no snap left in him. 他一點精力都沒有了。Her eyes snapped with anger. 她的眼睛閃露著憤怒。His behavior showed him to be a snake. 他的行為說明他是一個狡詐的人。SLl我們先以緩慢的【s】音開始,然后,再將舌頭往上提升到上齒齦的位置,發(fā)【sl】音。lSlid, sling, slip, slum, slime, slew, sleeve, slot, slow, slick, slack, sleep, slade, slide, slatelHow can you sleep in such sloppy room?lBe car

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