新視野大學(xué)英語3第一課單詞講解

1、Lesson OneLove Without LimitationThe Interpretation of the Important CET-4 Words justice 英英dsts 美美dsts n. 司法，正義；法官 公平 ( Fairness) 正義正義 (Justice) 平等 (Equality) Justice is done 正義得到伸張正義得到伸張 法官法官 A MATTER OF JUSTICE A matter of Justice是由米歇爾斯維茲爾導(dǎo)演，帕蒂杜克、馬丁辛、亞歷桑德拉鮑爾斯主演的一部美國劇情電影。中文名：中文名：公正裁決公正裁決 JusticeJus

2、tice 正義正義 法官法官 法院法院 court of justicecourt of justice 司法部司法部 department of justice department of justice What is the “justice”? 正義則是公正的義理，包括正義則是公正的義理，包括社會(huì)正義、政社會(huì)正義、政治正義和法律正義等。治正義和法律正義等。 Social justice Political justice Legal justice We must We must holdhold to to the principles of the principles of ju

3、stice.justice. 我們必須我們必須信守信守正義的原則。正義的原則。 We tangledWe tangled（糾纏）（糾纏） heatedly over heatedly over the the justice of the war.justice of the war. 我們就我們就這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的正義這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的正義性激烈地爭(zhēng)了起來。性激烈地爭(zhēng)了起來。inseparableinseparable 英英 nsep(nsep()r)rb(b()l )l 美美 nsnsprprblbl adj. 數(shù) 不可分割的；不能分離的 n. 不可分離的事物；形影不離的朋友 He firmly beli

4、eves liberty He firmly believes liberty is is inseparable frominseparable from social justice. social justice. 他堅(jiān)信自由與社會(huì)正義是不可分開的。 separate from 分離；把分離；把和和分開分開 分不開的分不開的;不可分離的不可分離的(+from) The two girls are inseparable friends. 這兩個(gè)女孩是這兩個(gè)女孩是形影不離形影不離的朋友。的朋友。 beneath beneath 英英bbnini 美美bbnini prep. 在之下 adv

5、. 在下方 WHAT LIES BENEATHWHAT LIES BENEATH 是由羅伯特贊米基斯導(dǎo)演拍攝的恐怖、懸念片。主演有哈里森福特，米歇爾菲佛，米蘭達(dá)奧托等。 2000年7月21日在美國上映謊言背后謊言背后 1 1在下方在下方 The sun is now beneath the horizon. The sun is now beneath the horizon. 太陽此刻落到地平線下了。太陽此刻落到地平線下了。 2. (2. (地位等地位等) )低于低于; ;劣于劣于 He is beneath his brother He is beneath his brother int

6、ellectually. intellectually. 他在智力方面不如他兄弟。他在智力方面不如他兄弟。 3. 3. 對(duì)對(duì).不適合不適合( (或不值得或不值得) ) He considered that job beneath him. He considered that job beneath him. 他認(rèn)為做那個(gè)工作有失他的身份。他認(rèn)為做那個(gè)工作有失他的身份。disguise disguise 英英ddsgasgaz z 美美ddsasazz vt. 掩飾；假裝；隱瞞 n. 偽裝；假裝；用作偽裝的東西 in disguise 偽裝；喬裝 塞翁失馬焉知非福塞翁失馬焉知非福 Misfor

7、tune might be a blessing Misfortune might be a blessing in disguisein disguise in the disguise of in the disguise of 偽裝，假扮成；托辭；以為借口 TheThe thief greed entry to thethe building in in the disguise ofthe disguise of an inspector from thethe gas company. 小偷假扮成煤氣公司的巡視員而得以進(jìn)入大樓。 He soon, under thethe name

8、ofof Doricles and in in the disguise ofthe disguise of a private gentleman, became a constant visitor at thethe old shepherds house. 不久他就化名道里克爾斯扮成一個(gè)平民，經(jīng)常到老牧人家來拜訪。vacant vacant 英英vevek(k()nt )nt 美美vekvekntnt 空四級(jí)爆炸性四級(jí)爆炸性詞匯詞匯 1.空的空的;空白的空白的 By the end of the game, the stadium was almost vacant. 到比賽結(jié)束的時(shí)候

9、到比賽結(jié)束的時(shí)候,體育館幾乎空了。體育館幾乎空了。 2. 空著的空著的,未被占用的未被占用的 A vacant apartment in New York City is very difficult to find. 在紐約市內(nèi)很難找到一所空的公寓住處。在紐約市內(nèi)很難找到一所空的公寓住處。 3. (職位職位)空缺的空缺的 That position remains vacant. 那個(gè)職位仍舊空著。那個(gè)職位仍舊空著。 4. 空閑的空閑的,清閑的清閑的 That will leave plenty of hours vacant. 那樣的話就有許多空閑時(shí)間了。那樣的話就有許多空閑時(shí)間了。 5.

10、 (心靈心靈)空虛的空虛的;(神情神情)茫然的茫然的;心不在焉的心不在焉的;愚蠢的愚蠢的 She has a vacant look. 她臉上沒有表情。她臉上沒有表情。 vacant space 空艙位；未用空間空艙位；未用空間 vacant room 空房空房 vacant position 職位空缺；空座職位空缺；空座 vacant land 空地；閑置地空地；閑置地 vacant lot 空地空地 graspgrasp 英grsp 抓 1. 1. 抓牢抓牢; ;握緊握緊; ;抱住抱住The little girl grasped her mothers The little girl g

11、rasped her mothers arm. arm. 小女孩抓住了她母親的手臂。小女孩抓住了她母親的手臂。 2. 2. 領(lǐng)會(huì)領(lǐng)會(huì), ,理解理解I dont grasp your meaning. I dont grasp your meaning. 我不懂你的意思。我不懂你的意思。 3. 3. 急切地抓住急切地抓住( (機(jī)會(huì)等機(jī)會(huì)等) ) grasp the overall situation grasp the overall situation 把握大局把握大局 long 英l 美l 1hope作“希望”解，主要用來表示主觀上的愿望并對(duì)其實(shí)現(xiàn)抱有信心。 可接不定式（短語）或that引導(dǎo)

12、的從句，但不可接“賓語+不定式”，即賓語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu)，也稱不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)， 例如： We are hoping to see the president who will come to China. I hope that you can tell us the truth. We hope you to meet us at the station. (錯(cuò)誤) long 英英l 美美l 2wish作“但愿、希望”解，表示某種未完成或不能完成的愿望。 可接不定式（短語）、雙賓語、賓語+不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)以及that從句，例如： I wish you to go to Beijing with

13、 me next year. Everyone wish (that) he could pass the English exam. We wish you success/ (to be) happy. I wish (that) I were a millionaire. 注意：表示實(shí)現(xiàn)愿望的可能性不大或根本不可能時(shí)，從句用虛擬語氣。 3 3expectexpect作作“期待、期望期待、期望”解，側(cè)重于相信或認(rèn)解，側(cè)重于相信或認(rèn)為有實(shí)現(xiàn)可能的愿望。為有實(shí)現(xiàn)可能的愿望。 可接名詞、不定式（短語）、不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，可接名詞、不定式（短語）、不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)， 例如：例如： I never

14、expected his coming/help. I never expected his coming/help. We expect to hear from Jane.We expect to hear from Jane. I expect you to give me a hand. He I expect you to give me a hand. He expected that he could get there on time.expected that he could get there on time. 4desire作“渴望、愿望”解，可以為名詞或動(dòng)詞，表示強(qiáng)烈

15、的希望、渴望或要求，是比want更加正式的用語可以接名詞、不定式、不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)以及賓語從句，一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、祈使句，例如：He desired information on this matter. We all desire peace and happiness. What do you desire me to do for you. He desired to win the game. My uncle desired that I (should) go to see him next month. desire可以作名詞，表示“愿望、欲望、要求、請(qǐng)求、”時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞；表

16、示“所想要的東西”時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞，但常用單數(shù)，作“情欲、性欲”時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞，例如： He had a strong desire to/for success. At last he got his desire - a pair of new trousers. long long :long long : 語氣強(qiáng)，指極殷切地盼望著，這種盼望側(cè)重于很難或不可能得到的東西。有時(shí)也指一般愿望，但含一定感情色彩。 接動(dòng)詞不定式 She longed to be back in China. 她渴望回到中國。 渴望渴望+to-v(+for/after)+to-v(+for/after)He long

17、s for/after fame. He longs for/after fame. 他渴望成名。他渴望成名。 She longed to return home. She longed to return home. 她極想回家。她極想回家。 She longed for her husband to return She longed for her husband to return home. home. 她渴望丈夫早日歸來。她渴望丈夫早日歸來。 pledge pledge 英英pledpled 美美plpld d n. 保證，誓言誓言；抵押；抵押品，典當(dāng)物 vt. 保證，發(fā)誓；用抵押

18、；舉杯祝健康 pledge oneself 宣誓；保證 pledge of allegiance 效忠誓言 cash pledge 押金 promise 告訴某人你絕對(duì)會(huì)給他某樣?xùn)|西或某事一定會(huì)發(fā)生 pledge 面向公眾正式的承諾你會(huì)做某樣事 I have left the watch as pledgepledge for borrowed money. 我留下這塊手表作為借款的抵押物。 He would keep his pledge keep his pledge toto the utmost of his power. 他將極力信守他的誓言。 faithful 英英fefl; -f

19、()l 美美fefl adj. 忠實(shí)的，忠誠的；如實(shí)的；準(zhǔn)確可靠的 old faithful 追隨者；忠實(shí)的支持者 Someone who is faithful to a person, organization, idea, or activity remains firm in their belief in them or support for them. She had been faithful tobeen faithful to her promise to guard this secret. 她一直信守承諾，保守著這個(gè)秘密 ( (對(duì)丈夫、妻子或戀人對(duì)丈夫、妻子或戀人) )

20、忠誠的，忠貞的忠誠的，忠貞的 Someone who is faithful tofaithful to their husband, wife, or lover does not have a sexual relationship with anyone else. She insisted that she had remained faithfulfaithful to her husband. 她堅(jiān)持說自己對(duì)丈夫一直是忠誠的。 Im very faithfulfaithful when I love someone. 我愛一個(gè)人是會(huì)非常忠貞的。drain drain 英英dredr

21、en n 美美drendren vi. 排水；流干 vt. 喝光，耗盡；使流出；排掉水 n. 排水；下水道，排水管；消耗 根本意像 水流走啦！ brain drain 人才外流；智囊流失人才外流；智囊流失 floor drain 地漏；地面排水管；樓面排水地漏；地面排水管；樓面排水 drain off 漸漸枯竭；把漸漸枯竭；把排出去；排除排出去；排除 drain well 排泄井，排水井；污水井排泄井，排水井；污水井 Harry felt the color drain from his face. 亨利感到臉上沒有了血色。 I began to suffer from headaches,

22、which left me feeling completely drained. 我開始感到頭痛，它使我感到精疲力竭。exhaust exhaust 英英 gzgzst; eg- st; eg- 美美 zzstst vt. vt. 排出；耗盡；使精疲力盡；徹底探討排出；耗盡；使精疲力盡；徹底探討 vi. vi. 排氣排氣 n. n. 排氣；廢氣；排氣裝置排氣；廢氣；排氣裝置 exhaust gas exhaust gas 廢氣廢氣 exhaust system exhaust system 排氣系統(tǒng)排氣系統(tǒng) exhaust emission exhaust emission 廢氣排放廢氣排放

23、 exhaust pipe exhaust pipe 排氣管排氣管 1. something exhausts you, it makes you so tired, either physically or mentally, that you have no energy left. 使精疲力竭使精疲力竭 例：Dont exhaust him. 別讓他精疲力竭了。 exhausted 精疲力竭的 例：She was too exhausted and distressed to talk about the tragedy. 她太疲憊和憂傷了，不想談?wù)撃菆?chǎng)悲劇。 exhausting 使人

24、精疲力竭的 例：It was an exhausting schedule she had set herself. 這是她自己制訂的一個(gè)讓自己精疲力竭的行事計(jì)劃。restrain restrain 英英rrstrestren n 美美rrstrenstren vt. 抑制，控制；約束；制止 restrain oneself 自制，約束自己 restrain from v. 抑制；制止；阻止去 They couldnt restrain their excitement. 他們無法抑制自己的激動(dòng)。 She was so angry that she could hardly restrain

25、herself. 她氣得幾乎控制不了自己。 prevent from prevent from 阻止，制止；妨礙阻止，制止；妨礙 prevent and control pollution prevent and control pollution 防治污染；預(yù)防和控制污染防治污染；預(yù)防和控制污染 prohibit prohibit 英英prpr( ()h)hb bt t 美美prprhhb btt vt. vt. 阻止，禁止阻止，禁止 嚴(yán)禁嚴(yán)禁 strictly prohibitstrictly prohibit We We are prohibited fromare prohibited

26、 from drinking alcohol during drinking alcohol during working hours.working hours. 工作時(shí)間內(nèi)我們不得喝酒。工作時(shí)間內(nèi)我們不得喝酒。forbid 英英fbd 美美fbd vt. 禁止；妨礙，阻止 V-T If you forbid someone to do something, or if you forbid an activity, you order that it must not be done. 禁止 例：Theyll forbid you to marry. 他們會(huì)不許你結(jié)婚。 例：She was

27、 shut away and forbidden to read. 她被關(guān)起來不許讀書。erect 英英rekt 美美rkt vt. 使豎立；建造；安裝 adj. 豎立的；筆直的 蓋(樓房)，建造(建筑物等)；建立；建設(shè)；架設(shè)： to erect a house 蓋房 to erect a bridge 架橋 to erect a tent 支起帳篷 track down PHRASAL VERB If you track down someone or something, you find them, or find information about them, after a diff

28、icult or long search. (經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)時(shí)間艱難搜索后) 找到 例：She had spent years trying to track down her parents. 她已經(jīng)花了多年試圖找到她的父母。 1. 跟蹤追捕： They have tracked down the spy. 他們已經(jīng)追捕到那個(gè)間諜。 2. 對(duì)追查到底；(根據(jù)留下的線索)查線到；探索到 work out 解決；算出；實(shí)現(xiàn)；制定出；消耗完；弄懂 If you work out a solution to a problem or mystery, you manage to find the solut

29、ion by thinking or talking about it. 找到找到 (解決辦法等解決辦法等) 例：Negotiators are due to meet later today to work out a compromise. 談判者們預(yù)定在今天晚些時(shí)候會(huì)面以找到找到一個(gè)折中的辦法。 例：It took me some time to work out what was causing this. 它花了我一些時(shí)間，找到找到導(dǎo)致這種狀況的原因。 實(shí)行；實(shí)現(xiàn)；產(chǎn)生預(yù)期的結(jié)果： 例： I really think that this interesting scheme will work out. 我確實(shí)認(rèn)為這個(gè)有趣的方案可能成功成功。 解決；找到的答案： 例： to work out a problem解決解決問題Call onCall on 1. PHRASAL