英語【專題八】主從復(fù)合句(狀從、名從和定從)

1、【專題八】主從復(fù)合句（狀從、名從和定從）【考點(diǎn)分析】狀語從句1.when, while, as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的區(qū)別；2.名詞詞組the minute, the moment, the first time, each time, any time等用作連詞，引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句；3.before,和since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的用法以及常見的幾個(gè)句型；4.till和until的用法；5.although, though, as以及even if, even though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的用法；6.結(jié)果狀語從句中“sothat”與“suchthat”的區(qū)別；7.條件狀語從句unless, prov

2、iding/provided, suppose/supposing等引導(dǎo)詞的用法；8.“疑問詞+ever”和“no matter+疑問詞”引導(dǎo)從句的用法；9. in case引導(dǎo)的狀語從句；10.where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句；11.once引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。12.與祈使句、定語從句、名詞從句、倒裝句以及與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的混合考查。名詞從句1. that和what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別；2.名詞從句的語序和時(shí)態(tài)；3. it作形式主語、形式賓語的幾種情況；4.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移；5.whether和if的用法區(qū)別；6.what在名詞性從句中的使用；7.doubt后的名詞性從句的使用；8.Who / whoeve

3、r, what / whatever等的用法區(qū)別；9.連接詞that的省略；定語從句1.that與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)別；2.who、whom與whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)別；3.關(guān)系副詞where、when與why引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)別；4.對(duì)“as”引導(dǎo)定語從句的考查；5. suchas與suchthat的區(qū)別；the sameas與the samethat的區(qū)別；6.對(duì)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的考查；7.the way 作先行詞時(shí),定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞作狀語用in which ,that 或者省略；8.含有插入語的定語從句；9.與并列句、狀語從句、同位語從句以及與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的混合考查?！局R(shí)點(diǎn)

4、歸納】復(fù)習(xí)主從復(fù)合句時(shí)，我們首先要對(duì)句子的種類有所了解，才能更深入地掌握主從復(fù)合句的知識(shí)。狀語從句是每年高考必考的內(nèi)容，在高考試題中加上其它從句的干擾，以及倒裝句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句的介入，使得狀語從句更為復(fù)雜。由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：when,while,as,before,after,once,till,until,since,as soon as,now that,hardlywhen,scarcelywhen,no soonerthan,有一些表示時(shí)間的副詞（短語）或名詞短語也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。如：directly,instantly,immediately,by the time，the moment

5、,the second,the minute,the instant,every time,each time,next time,the last time等重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容如下：when,while,as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句as表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。She came up as I was cooking.(同時(shí))The runners started as the gun went off.(幾乎同時(shí))when(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，又可表示在某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)

6、，主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情可以同時(shí)發(fā)生也可以先后發(fā)生。It was raining when we arrived.(指時(shí)間點(diǎn))When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段時(shí)間內(nèi))When we arrived there,the film had already begun.(先后發(fā)生)while意思是“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”或“在某一段時(shí)間里”。主句中的動(dòng)作或事情在從句中的動(dòng)作或事情的進(jìn)展過程中發(fā)生，從句中的動(dòng)詞一般要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。在when表示a period of time時(shí)，兩者可以互換。 Please dont tal

7、k so loud while/when others are working.He fell asleep while/when reading.Strike while the iron is hot.( 不可用as或when，這里的while意思是“趁”)before狀語從句的重點(diǎn)句型之后才：It was a long time before I got to sleep .不多久就：It wasnt long before he told me about the affair.不等就：Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.剛

8、就：He hardly entered the room before he heard the telephone ring.先再：You can have a few days to think about it before you make your decision.since 引導(dǎo)的從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的過去式（包括過去完成時(shí)），則從句的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束,從句意思是否定的。如果從句的動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性的用完成時(shí)態(tài)，從句意思是肯定的。He has never been to see me since I was ill.我病愈后，他一直未來看我。（不在生病了）He has never been t

9、o see me since I have been ill.我病了，他一直未來看我。I havent heard from him since he lived here.自從他這里搬走，我就沒有收到他的信。（不住在這兒了）I know him very well since he has lived here near us.自他住在我們附近以來，我對(duì)他很了解。 Its three years since I was in the army.我退伍已三年了。（不在服役了）Its three years since I have been in the army=It's three

10、 years since he joined the army.我入伍已三年了。如果與till與until從句使用的主句是肯定的，則主句中謂語要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞如果與其使用的主句是否肯定的，則主句中謂語要用短暫性動(dòng)詞。另till從句不可以置于句首，只有until從句可以放在句首。not until 放在句首時(shí)主句要倒裝。由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：as（由于）,because(因?yàn)?, since（既然）,now (that) (既然), considering that（顧及到）,seeing that（由于）。I do it because I like it.因?yàn)槲蚁矚g我才干。(because不能與 s

11、o連用)He couldnt have seen me, because I was not there.他不可能見過我，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)我不在那兒。Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.由于好些人都沒到會(huì)，我們決定延期開會(huì)Now that/Since you are all here, lets try and reach a decision.既然大家都來了咱們就設(shè)法做一個(gè)決定吧As she was ill, she didnt come to the party.由于病了，她

12、沒來參加晚會(huì)。Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.考慮到他們才剛剛學(xué)做，他們干得算很不錯(cuò)的了。重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容如下：because語氣最強(qiáng)，用于回答why的提問，可與強(qiáng)調(diào)詞only,just 以及否定詞not 連用。但不可以與so連用。如You shouldnt get angry just because some people speak ill of you.另外注意與not連用時(shí)否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。He didnt do such a thing because he was afraid

13、of his wife.他并不是因?yàn)榕滤钠拮硬抛鲞@樣的事。 Cf:He didnt do such a thing,because he was afraid of his wife.因?yàn)榕缕拮?，他沒有做這樣的事。 because引導(dǎo)的從句可以被強(qiáng)調(diào)：It was because she wanted to study abroad that she entered for TOEFLas語氣較弱，since語氣也較弱，但比as正式一些,所說明的原因比較明顯或是已知的事實(shí)，多用于口語中，所以不應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)。常置于句首。As all the seats were full,he stood the

14、re.Since you are going,Ill go,too.for雖解釋為“因?yàn)椤钡皇且粋€(gè)并列連詞，它引導(dǎo)的是并列句，不是原因狀語從句。The day was short,for it was December.由下列連詞引導(dǎo):where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere。Anywhere he went,he got warm welcome.The girl takes the doll with her everywhere she goes.Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han River meet.武漢位于

15、長(zhǎng)江和漢水匯合處。Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。Youd better make a mark where you have any questions.哪兒有問題，你最好在哪兒做個(gè)記號(hào)。(這里where引導(dǎo)的從句不是定語從句)由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：that，sothat，so that（從句中不帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞），suchthat，with the result that等。注意以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)：so+adj/adv+thatsuch(a/an+adj)+n+thatso+adj+a/an+n+that=such a/an+adj+n+thats

16、o many/much/few/little(少)+n+that注意以上結(jié)構(gòu)與定語從句so/suchas的區(qū)別。This is such an interesting/so interesting a film that/as everyone wants to see it/(it).He didnt plan his time well so that/so he didnt finish the work in time.他沒把時(shí)間計(jì)劃好，結(jié)果沒按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.我們走得匆忙，

17、把門都忘了鎖了。The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map.這村子太小，所以這地圖上沒有。Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers like her very much= Jenny is so clever a girl that all the teachers like her very muchJenny是如此聰明的女孩，以至老師們都非常喜歡她。I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all ov

18、er.我摔了許多跤，以至于渾身青一塊紫一塊He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.他朋友很少，所以經(jīng)常感到孤獨(dú)。I had so little money then that I couldnt afford a little present.我當(dāng)時(shí)囊中羞澀連一份小小禮物都買不起由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：so that,in order that,for fear that等。目的狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, could,may, might, should連用目的狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, could, may, migh

19、t,should連用。（so that也可用來引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，但從句中不帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）Lets take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.我們坐前排吧，這樣我們看得更清楚些。School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.早點(diǎn)兒放學(xué)是為了讓孩子們?cè)诒╋L(fēng)雨到來之前回家。He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.他把名字寫下省得忘了。（該從句中

20、一般用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should+動(dòng)詞原形，或省略should）Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.最好多帶些衣服以防天氣會(huì)冷。注意：so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句只能放在主句之后，in order that 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句可以放在主句之前或之后。分為真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)條件句（用在虛擬語氣中）。表示條件的狀語從句可以由if（如果）,unless（除非）, in case（萬一）, so /as long as（只要）, as/ so far as（就而言）, on condition that（條件是）suppose（假設(shè)）

21、supposing（假設(shè)）（僅用在問句中） 等詞或詞組引導(dǎo)。一般情況下當(dāng)主句是將來時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。As/So long as we dont lose heart, well find a way to overcome the difficulty.只要我們不灰心，我們就能找到克服困難的方法。Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.萬一你有什么困難，請(qǐng)給我們一個(gè)信兒。If you leave at 6 oclock tomorrow morning, youd better get to bed now.如果你明早6點(diǎn)

22、鐘走，你最好現(xiàn)在就上床。Well let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy.只要你能保持整潔，我們可以讓你使用這個(gè)房間。As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA.據(jù)我所知，他是一個(gè)DNA專家。Hell accept the job unless the salary is too low/ if the salary is not too low.他會(huì)接受這項(xiàng)工作的，除非薪水太少/如果薪水不太少的話。Suppose/Supposing we cant get

23、enough food, what shall we do?假設(shè)我們弄不到足夠的食物，那我們?cè)趺崔k？由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：although,though,as,even if, even though,while,whetheror,whoever,whatever,however, no matter+疑問詞等。We wont be discouraged even if(=even though) we fail ten times.我們就是失敗十次也不泄氣。It was an exciting game, though / although no goals were scored.那是一場(chǎng)精

24、彩的球賽，盡管一個(gè)球都沒進(jìn)。Whether you believe it or not, its true.不管你信不信，這是真的。However (=No matter how) expensive it may be, Ill take it.無論它有多貴，我也要買下它。Dont let them in, whoever(=no matter who) they are.不管他們是誰，別讓他們進(jìn)來。No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks Im wrong.無論我說什么或怎么說，他總認(rèn)為是我錯(cuò)。 注意以下幾點(diǎn)：althou

25、gh,though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，主句前不能用but,但可以加yet,stil。He refuses help although he has many friends who want to offer all kinds of help.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，必須用前置結(jié)構(gòu)，通常是從句中的表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形放在句首，放在句首的名詞前的冠詞要去掉。 （注意在child前不要用冠詞） e it, I wont buy. as he would, he couldnt lift the heavy box.由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：as,as if,as though,the way等。Do it

26、 the way you were told.注意以下幾點(diǎn)：as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句時(shí)意義為“按照”，“如同”，前面常用加強(qiáng)語勢(shì)。I did it just as you told me.as if和as though 引導(dǎo)的從句中，謂語常用虛擬語氣，有時(shí)也用陳述語氣。連詞while 和whereas 可表示對(duì)比。Whereas he is rather lazy,she is quite energetic.由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：asas,not asas,not soas,than等(詳情請(qǐng)參見【專題三】形容詞和副詞)。連接詞+過去分詞Unless repaired, the washing mac

27、hine is no use.連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞Look out while crossing the street.連詞+形容詞/其他常見的有if necessary、if possible、when necessary、if any等。比較狀語從句中的省略句。如：He arrived home half an hour earlier than (he had been)expected.在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句 (Noun Clauses）。 名詞從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組, 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為

28、主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連詞可分為三類：that（不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分，無詞義。只起連接作用，因此往往可以省略。）whether, if（不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分，均表示“是否”表明從句內(nèi)容的不確定性。不可以省略。） as if,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, whichwhen, where, how, whyWho cleaned the blackboard is not known yet.誰擦的黑板還不知道。That hell come to see us

29、 is really great.他來看我們真是太好啦。I dont know why he is absent.我不知道為什么他不在。The question is whether he will join us next time.問題是下次他是否跟我們一起干。It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句：那個(gè)國(guó)家是否應(yīng)該建立核電站 光以直線傳播由連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句： 我們所需要的是 doesnt matter to me.無論你選哪本書 無論誰來由連接副詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句： hasnt been announced.

30、飛機(jī)什么時(shí)候起飛 他到過哪兒 水的流量是多少關(guān)于形式主語 itIt + be +形容詞+ that-從句It is necessary thatIt is important thatIt is obvious thatIt is likely that.It + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句It is believed thatIt is known to all that眾所周知（注意該句型的變式：It is known to all that the earth goes around the sun.=As is known toall,the earth goes aro

31、und the sun.=What is known to all is that the earth goes around the sun.）It has been decided that已決定It + be +名詞+ that-從句It is common knowledge that 是常識(shí)It is a surprise thatIt is a fact that可應(yīng)用于此句型的名詞還有fact / shame / honor / question/pity等。It +不及物動(dòng)詞+ that-分句It appears thatIt happens thatIt occurred t

32、o me thatIt doesnt matter whether he likes or not.可以接表語從句的連系動(dòng)詞有 be, look, remain, seem等等。 數(shù)百萬人死于由抽煙引起的疾病 .我們是否能贏得這次比賽Thats just 我想要的 我們的問題所在 kick their habit我們?nèi)绾螏椭鼰煹娜?注意：表語從句的表現(xiàn)形式除了用從屬連詞，連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)以外，還可以由as, as if，as though引導(dǎo)Things were not as they seemed. 好象要下雨了。另外還要注意以下常用的兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：The reason whyis t

33、hat (而不用 because)It ( This, That ) is because . 他為什么被開除是因?yàn)樗ぷ鞑慌Α?It is because the tobacco companies want to remain in business.同位語從句一般由 that, whether 等連詞引導(dǎo)，常放在 advice, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, question, reason, truth, word, suggestion.等名詞的后面

34、，說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。 登陸月球. 什么時(shí)候回來 Mary也許病了 是否同意賓語從句可以作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語，介詞的賓語，某些形容詞的賓語以及非謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語。 及物動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句： a warm support任何需要幫助的人 她為什么拒絕了我的邀請(qǐng)介詞后的賓語從句： 我總是在思考如何提高我的口語水平。 老師對(duì)他所說的話很滿意。某些形容詞后的賓語從句： 通過努力工作，你將取得更大的進(jìn)步 .他沒有告別就走了非謂語動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句：Realizing that it was just a difference in custom, the foreigner smiled and said no

35、thing.On being asked whether he had had a good time in Australia, he answered “Terrible ”.關(guān)于形式賓語itWe must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished. 我們必須清楚任何違犯法律的人都將受到懲罰。 我發(fā)現(xiàn)我們有必要征求他的意見。在名詞性從句中，疑問句要用陳述句的語序。例如：Can you make sure _the gold ring ？A.where Alice had put B.where had Ali

36、ce put D.where has Alice putYou can't imagine _when they received these nice Christmas presents.A.how they were excited C.how excited were they D.they were how excited動(dòng)詞 doubt 用在疑問句或否定句中，其后賓語從句常用 that 作連接詞；用在肯定句中，連接詞用 whether 或 if 皆可，而不用that。 否定轉(zhuǎn)移問題。將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, guess

37、, imagine等動(dòng)詞后面跟賓語從句時(shí)否定轉(zhuǎn)移 我想我并不認(rèn)識(shí)你。 我相信他不回來。We don't expect he will come tonight , will he ?注意：若謂語動(dòng)詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移。我想你沒有生病吧。將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移看來他們不知道往哪去?？磥砦覀兠魈觳粫?huì)碰上好天氣。 主謂一致問題。What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the worldWhat I bought were three English books語氣問題在含有 su

38、ggest , order , demand , propose , command , request , insist, desire, require, advise 等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動(dòng)詞后，that從句常用“should+ 動(dòng)詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu) 我建議我們應(yīng)該立刻出發(fā)。在It is 過去分詞that的主語從句中 decided，demanded，desired，insisted，ordered，proposed，suggested，recommended，requested， required等。It is desired that we（should）get ever

39、ything ready this evening在表語從句或同位語從句中The suggestion that the mayor (should) present the prizes was accepted by everyone在It is（was）形容詞that從句中要用虛擬語氣，即（should ）動(dòng)詞原形，表示建議或不滿、驚奇等情緒。常用于此類的形容詞有 essential，important，natural，necessary，possible，strange，等。It is necessary that a college student _at least a forei

40、gn language（上海1993）A.masters C.mastered D.will masterWhat引導(dǎo)名詞從句的特殊含義:What was once regarded as impossible has now become a realityAfter _ seemed a very long time，I opened my eye and found myself in bed（M ET'93）He is not what he was a few years ago. Who is it that has made Fred what he is now？Wha

41、t is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized worldOur income is now double what it was ten years ago不可省略的連詞：介詞后的連詞不可省略Before I came downstairs I had prepared myself very carefully for what I must say.下樓之前，我已經(jīng)把我要說的認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備好了。引導(dǎo)主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略That she was chosen made us very happy.她被選上了，我們很高興。W

42、e heard the news that our team had won. 我們聽到消息說我們隊(duì)贏了。賓語從句有多個(gè)that引導(dǎo)時(shí)，從第二個(gè)及其后面的that不能省略I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better比較：whether 與 if 均為“是否”的意思。但在下列情況下，whether 不能被if 取代：whether 引導(dǎo)主語從句在句首Whether she comes or not doesnt concern me .她是否來與我無關(guān)。引導(dǎo)表語從句His first question

43、 was whether she had arrived yet. 他問第一個(gè)問題就是她來了沒有。引導(dǎo)同位語從句Answer my question whether you are coming.回答我你是否來的問題。whether 從句作介詞賓語I worry about whether I hurt her feeling .我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。與or not連在一起I dont know whether or not he is going to Japan.我不知道他是否去日本。大部分連接詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句都可以置于句末，用it 充當(dāng)形式主語。例如：It is not importa

44、nt who will go. 誰去，這不重要。It is still unknown which team will win the match. 到底誰贏呢，形勢(shì)尚不明朗。（一）基本概念1.由一個(gè)句子作定語，修飾句中一個(gè)名詞或代詞，有時(shí)也可以修飾整個(gè)句子或句中的部分內(nèi)容，這樣的從句就是定語從句，被其修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。2.關(guān)系詞分為兩大類，即關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，其作用一是引出一個(gè)定語從句，二是代替其所修飾的先行詞，三是在句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)句子成分。關(guān)系詞的分類和基本用法（二）定語從句的注意點(diǎn)本部分的內(nèi)容比較復(fù)雜，為便于考生一目了然，我們?cè)噲D用表格的形式呈現(xiàn)給考生。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語，且該

45、介詞不是和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成固定短語時(shí)，介詞可以提前，這樣就出現(xiàn)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”。先行詞指物，用“介詞+which/whose”,指人則用“介詞+whom/whose”, 且兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞均不能省略。介詞的選擇要遵循兩個(gè)原則：定語從句一般緊接被它所修飾的先行詞；但有時(shí)候它和先行詞之間有可能插入其他成分，使它與先行詞分隔開來，這種定語從句叫作被分隔的定語從句，在閱讀文章時(shí)會(huì)經(jīng)常遇到這種情況，在閱讀是要注意識(shí)別此外還要注意下列兩點(diǎn)：定語從句與習(xí)慣句型用一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下列句子，使之完整與正確。It is the first time _ she has been in ShanghaiIt was

46、 the time _ Chinese people had a hard life解析：這里小題是一個(gè)習(xí)慣句型，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：It iswas the firstsecond time that從句。故填that，其意為：這是她第一次在上海。小題the time是先行詞，其后是表示時(shí)間的定語從句，故填 when。定語從句與簡(jiǎn)單句用一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下列句子，使之完整與正確。The mother told the lazy boy to work，_ didn't helpThe mother told the lazy boy to work_ didn't help解析：含有定語

47、從句的復(fù)合句與兩個(gè)單句的主要區(qū)別在于：前者有主句，有從句，必須有關(guān)系詞；而后者則是兩個(gè)單獨(dú)的句子，不需要任何關(guān)聯(lián)詞。小題兩個(gè)句子用逗號(hào)連接且沒有并列連詞，顯然應(yīng)是主從句關(guān)系，因此需用關(guān)系詞which，前面整個(gè)句子作先行詞；小題則填I(lǐng)t，代替前面的整個(gè)句子。解題時(shí)，注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的運(yùn)用?！靖呖碱A(yù)測(cè)】1. _ is known to us all is that Shenzhou VII has launched for the first spacewalk successfully.A. That B. What C. It D. As2. Barack Obama delivered a sp

48、eech to 500 local youths during his visit to China, many of _ were from Fudan University and Tongji University.A. them B. whom C. which D. those3.Most of us still wonder _ it is _ makes those honest peasant workers, without being paid at all, resign themselves to the bosses.A. what; that B. /; what

49、C. that; what D. /; that4. Join us in the party tonight, would you? Sorry, Im afraid I cant, _ I _ the content of some reports with my boss.A. for; have discussed B. because; will be discussingC. before; discussed D. when; will have discussed5.Im going to New York for further studies next term.Congr

50、atulations! _ youre there, can you keep me e-mailed?A. As B. While C. Because D. If6. Probably no man had more effects on the daily lives of people in the United States _ Henry Ford _.A. as; was B. than; was C. than; did D. as; didbent over their books.A.whom; fixing B.them; fixed C.whom; fixed D.th

51、em; fixing8. Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons cant be the only preparation for all of thesituations _ appear in the working world.A. where B. when C. that D. what9. Faced with challenges, you should believe your courage is _ makes a difference.A. that B. what C. which D.

52、 whatever10. Do you have any idea of rugby?Abosolutely. It is a sport _ players hold the ball and run with it.11. What was it _ caused the modem nations to change their mind _ they should help to preserve the Romas history?A. /; why B. that; that C. that; / D. what; thatover the world.13. It was the

53、 very place _ the soldiers fought over sixty years ago.A. that B. which C. where D. there14. Hardly _ when the bus suddenly pulled away.A. they had got to the bus stop B. they got to the bus stopC. did they get to the bus stop D. had they got to the bus stop15. After the new technique was introduced

54、, the factory produced_ tractors in 1998 as the year before.A. as many twice B. as twice as many C. twice as many D. twice as many as16. You can fly to UK this morning _ you dont mind changing planes in Hong Kong.A. because B. provided C. unless D. so far as17. Its the same in China-many people, _so

55、me are not overweight at all, are always going on diets or taking weight-loss pills, _ are often dangerous.A. whose; which B. of which; who C. of whom; which D. who; that18. Is _ 48 hours _ the man-made satellite _ is made in our country to orbit the planet around?A. it; that; where B. it; when; that C. it for; that it takes; that D. it; that it takes; which19.Is _ 48 hours _ the man-made satellite _ is made in our country to orbit the planetaround?A. it; that; where B. it; when; that C. it for; that it takes; that D. it