屆上海往年高考英語一模試題之時態(tài)語態(tài)專題復(fù)習(xí)

1、第 3 講時態(tài)語態(tài)專題【奉賢】 I.Many grammar schools (22)_ (establish) hundreds of years agoto teach the Latin language to children who were not from rich families.【虹口】2. There are always some people radiating negativity in the work place.For them, the temperature is never right, the boss is always a fool, the ca

2、nteenfood is awful, and they (21)_ (treat) unfairly.3.“ The real problem is that the whiners don tfeel they are being takenseriously, said Xu Jun, HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Co., Ltd.“ (30)_ (give) them advice or perspectives attentively and theproblem will usually disappear.”【黃浦】 4. Nat

3、ionally, Norway (23) _has experienced_(experience) an11% increase in tourism in the past decade.5. From just 1,000 tourists in the whole of 2010, Trolltunga, a piece of rock thatstands horizontally out of the mountain, (24) _saw_(see) 1,800visitors in one 2017 day alone.【金山】 6. With often nothing mo

4、re than a pencil in hand, the 47-year-old artistproduces elaborate drawings that could easily_ 22_(mistake) forthe work of any modern digital camera.【閔行】7. I had just started working in geriatrics(老年病科).Mr. McMahon21_ (bring) in when his body was found very swollen (浮腫的)【浦東】8. The Hollow Flashlight

5、is made from Peltier tiles (珀耳貼貼片) thatproduce energy when one side_26_ (heat) and the other sideremains cool.【青浦】9. Kevin assumed the person on the boat (22)_ (jump) outof it. “ Then I heard a warning signal with a loud sound,42.“ That s (23)_I realized somebody was in trouble.10. “I thought it was

6、 a life jacket,” “ Weisayscaught up to it, Irealized it (25)_ (attach) to a person.”【松江】11. We got up early to see the cows as they (23) _were milked (milk).I even tried my hand at milking one, and then joinedthe farmer as he released the cows into the field afterward.【徐匯】12. Conservators at the Nel

7、son-Atkins museum of art in Kansas Citysaid they discovered the dead insect in one of its star paintings, Vincent vanGogh s Olive Trees, when it (22)_(scan) as part of the research for acatalogue of its French painting collection.【楊浦】13. According to lifestyle website grapee.jp, slurping 發(fā)出哧溜聲)when

8、eating noodles (23)_(encourage) in Japanese culture.【長寧嘉定】14.21 (Create) a system that can routinely hire andprepare teacherseffectively and can support successful teaching is the arena (競技場)in which the United States 22 (fall) behind the most.15. Even if they do, there is little guarantee that the

9、quality of teaching 30(improve). Although there are good reasons to argue for stringer evaluationpractices for removing incapable teachers and for recognizing excellent ones, atheory that the major problems with teaching can be solved by carrots and sticksalone leaves the development of teaching abi

10、lities to chance.【靜安】16. To business with garbage containers polluted with more than 10recyclables, warning (27)_(issue). If they fail to take action,fines are expected.【普陀】 17. The share prices of Thor Industries, the biggest RV-manufacturer inAmerica, and Winnebago, the third-largest, (21)_ (rise)

11、 by43% and 17%, respectively so far.18. The industry hopes that its poor record with foreign sales last year lessthan 1% of RVs produced domestically (27)_(ship) to foreignmarkets may improve, too.【寶山】19. The best beliefs are the ones that (22) will be cherished/ arecherished_ ( cherish) throughout

12、a lifetime. One belief I cherish above allothers is the power and enjoyment of reading.20. Books (30) helped_(help) me through difficult periods andapplauded me in times of celebration. Books always make me smile. That thebiggest reason I believe in reading, because it will make you happy.【崇明】 21. P

13、eople in Harpursville now hope the attention that April (28)_(draw) will translate into an economic development for the area.Harpursville was once a manufacturing base, but it has struggled financially inrecent years.考情解讀動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)是兩個非常重要的語法范疇，構(gòu)成了英語語法的基 本框架，幾乎所有動詞的考查都必須借助于時態(tài)和語態(tài)來完成。高考 試題在考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)的同時，還兼顧

14、其他語法內(nèi)容的測試，比如各 種從句、強調(diào)句、倒裝句等，其交叉式和復(fù)合式的特點尤為明顯。其 考點主要包括：1 注重在語境中考查常見時態(tài)的區(qū)別，如一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時、 一般現(xiàn)在時（過去時）與現(xiàn)在（過去）進行時的區(qū)別等。要求準確判斷動作 和時間的關(guān)系，正確理解時間概念，如是現(xiàn)在、過去還是將來，是時 間段、時間點還是時間瞬間。2. 遵循“情景立意”和“能力立意”的原則，考查在狀語從句等特定 語言環(huán)境中時態(tài)的代替。要求吃透語境，摸清命題人的意圖，善于捕 捉句子中所隱含的時間信息，克服漢語式的慣性思維。3. 把語態(tài)與時態(tài)結(jié)合在一起，進行綜合考查。各種常用時態(tài)的被動語 態(tài)的構(gòu)成，仍是高考命題的熱點之一，

15、而且題干中有效信息越來越隱 蔽，試題難度呈現(xiàn)加大的趨勢。要求明確謂語動詞與主語的關(guān)系，分清是主動還是被動。4. 考查主動形式表示被動意義。對語境理解能力的要求逐步提高，且要重視有特殊用法的動詞的運用。重點知識梳理、咼考常考的幾種易混時態(tài)的辨析1. 一般現(xiàn)在時與現(xiàn)在進行時一般現(xiàn)在時主要用于習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常性動作，常伴隨使用 usually, often ,seldom 等頻度副詞；現(xiàn)在進行時主要用于表示目前或現(xiàn)階段正在進行 的動作或狀態(tài)，常跟now, at present 等時間狀語。He usually writes a lot of letters, but he isnt writing at

16、 present.他經(jīng)常寫許多信，但他現(xiàn)在沒在寫。(2) 表示客觀事實或普遍真理時，要用一般現(xiàn)在時，不能用現(xiàn)在進行時。The Earth goes around the Sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。2. 一般過去時與過去進行時(1) 一般過去時表示一個完成的動作，而過去進行時表示過去某一階段正在進行的動作。I was reading a novel last night.昨晚我在看小說(可能沒看完)。I read a novel last night.我昨晚看了一本小說(已經(jīng)看完了)。(2) 般過去時用于表示一個單純動作，過去進行時用于表示過去一段 時間反復(fù)做的動作。Did he ask ques

17、tions?他提問題了嗎？He was asking questions all the time.他始終在提問題。（3）般過去時表示過去某個時刻發(fā)生的動作（側(cè)重說明事實）,過去進行時表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間發(fā)生的動作（強調(diào)在這一過程中所進行的動作或展開的情景）。He drew a picture yesterday afternoon.他昨天下午畫了一張畫（昨天下午他做了這么一件事）。He was drawing a picture yesterday afternoon.他昨天下午在畫一張畫（昨天下午他一直在畫畫，沒干別的事）。（3）般過去時表示過去某個時刻發(fā)生的動作（側(cè)重說明事實），

18、過去進行時表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間發(fā)生的動作（強調(diào)在這一過程中所進行的動作或展開的情景）。He drew a picture yesterday afternoon.他昨天下午畫了一張畫（昨天下午他做了這么一件事）。He was drawing a picture yesterday afternoon.他昨天下午在畫一張畫（昨天下午他一直在畫畫，沒干別的事）。3. 現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時（1）兩者都表示發(fā)生在過去的動作。但現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去動作與現(xiàn)在 的關(guān)系，主要說明現(xiàn)在的情況；一般過去時強調(diào)動作發(fā)生在過去某一時間，與現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系。例如：Theyve gone to Paris.他們到

19、巴黎去了（說明他們現(xiàn)在去巴黎了，不在這里）。They went to Paris.他們?nèi)ミ^巴黎（只說明去過，不表明是否現(xiàn)在仍在那里）。（2）現(xiàn)在完成時表示從過去發(fā)生到現(xiàn)在一段時間內(nèi)的任何時間，可與far， up to now，lately，ever since 等表示包括現(xiàn)在一段時間的狀語連用，但不能和表示過去時間的狀語連用；一般過去時表示的是過去某一特 定時間或與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)的某一過去時間。I havent seen the film yet.我還沒看過這部影片（到目前為止）。I saw the film the day before yesterday.我前天看的這部電影（表明看電影的時間是在

20、前天）。4. 過去完成時與一般過去時so（1） 一般過去時通常與具體過去時間狀語連用；即使沒有時間狀語，根 據(jù)具體的語言環(huán)境，我們也可以作出明確的判斷。（2） 過去完成時是一種相對的時態(tài)，表示在過去某時刻之前發(fā)生。時間 參照點與一般過去時不同，一般過去時是對現(xiàn)在說話時刻而言，過去 完成時則是與過去某一時刻而言的，即“過去的過去”。5. 般將來時與將來進行時一般將來時表示對“現(xiàn)在時刻”來說，將要發(fā)生的動作或?qū)⒁嬖诘?狀態(tài)；而將來進行時表示將來的某一時刻或某段時間正在進行的動作。She is sixteen， who will be seventeen next year.她十六歲，明年將十七歲

21、。What will you be doing at this time next Monday? 下周一這時候你將會在做什么呢？ 5一般將來時與將來進行時 一般將來時表示對“現(xiàn)在時刻”來說，將要發(fā)生的動作或?qū)⒁嬖诘?狀態(tài)；而將來進行時表示將來的某一時刻或某段時間正在進行的動作。She is sixteen， who will be seventeen next year. 她十六歲，明年將十七歲。What will you be doing at this time next Monday? 下周一這時候你將會在做什么呢？來源 :Zxxk.Com(2)現(xiàn)在完成進行時往往表示動作在重復(fù)，現(xiàn)在

22、完成時則常常不帶重復(fù) 性。如：Have you been meeting her lately？ (經(jīng)常相見 )Have you met her lately？ (不重復(fù)發(fā)生 )(3) 現(xiàn)在完成進行時比較生動，有時含有明顯的感情色彩；而現(xiàn)在完成 時往往只說明一個事實、一種影響或結(jié)果，平鋪直敘，沒有什么感情 色彩可言。如：Recently Mary has been doing her homework regularly 顯然是在表揚瑪麗 )Recently Mary has done her homework regularly 只說明一個事實)二、固定句型中的固定時態(tài) 在某些固定句型里往往

23、有固定的時態(tài)要求，請體會下列句子中時態(tài)的 運用：1. This/lt is the first/secondtime I have done sth.That/lt was the first/second. time I had done sth.2. It is two years since he went abroad./lt was two years since he had goneabroad.3. I was about to go out when the telephone rang.4. Hardly had I got home when the telephone

24、rang.5. No sooner had I got home than the telephone rang.6. It wont be long before he comes back./It wasnt long before he came back.7. I didnt manage to understand it until he had explained it again.8 祈使句+ and(or/or else/otherwise) +并列分句(并列分句中謂語動詞多用一般將來時)三、被動語態(tài)1. 被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成英語中的及物動詞一般都有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)兩種形式。主動語

25、態(tài)是無標記的，而被動語態(tài)則是有標記的。被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動詞be 隨著主語的人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)和語氣的不同而變化。被動語態(tài)的各種時態(tài)形式見下表：*過去將來-般doiwwas/wene donewillsWII bp done硏鼻Idshould be June進行iii/ain/are&噸donewa&zwefe being doneni|/abal| be being dioneuuuld/should be being done完欣ha.re/lias bpm daiiebad been danewilt shall tiziE- beert口FIEwou1l Ebou

26、ld hai E lieeri AMC完成旌行ha-re- has been beitts：dhuehad be-etl IKHILP, JCHIE-mil dialliave been bem* doriEwould. diCnildJ Im e bent beiru：2. 主動形式表示被動意義的幾種情況(1)英語中有很多動詞，如 break，catch，clean，drive，look，open，sell，read，write，wash 等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動詞來描述主語特征時，常 用其主動形式表達被動意義，主語通常是物；在這種情況下，常常和 easily， well 等副詞連用。Thi

27、s kind of cloth washes well.這種布好洗。The sign reads as follows 這牌子告示如下。This material wont wear 這種材料不耐穿。The machine runs well 這種機器運轉(zhuǎn)良好。特別提醒：主動語態(tài)表被動強調(diào)的是主語的特征，而被動語態(tài)則強調(diào) 外界作用造成的影響。(2) 表示感受、感官的系動詞 feel，sound，taste，look 等后跟形容詞、名詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，無被動形式。Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由聽起來合理。(3) 在 need，want，require，dese

28、rve，bear 等動詞、 worth 等形容詞的后 面，動名詞用主動形式表示被動意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動詞不定式的被 動形式。The house needs repairing/to be repaired.這所房子需要修理。(4) 在某些“主語(人/物)+ be+形容詞+不定式”中不定式的主動形式 表達被動意義。 這些形容詞有 nice，easy，fit ，hard，difficult ，important ， impossible，pleasant， interesting 等。The problem is difficult to work out. 這道題很難計算出。 (可看作 to w

29、ork out 省略了 for me)(5) be to rent/blame/let 也屬于主動形式表被動意義。Who is to blame for the mistake? 誰應(yīng)為這個錯誤接受譴責(zé)？ The houses are tolet.這些房子有待出租。(6) 介詞 in， on， under 等名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語表被動意義。 表示方位的介詞與含動作意義的名詞合用，含被動之意，其意義相當(dāng) 于該名詞相應(yīng)動詞的被動形式， 名詞前一般不用冠詞。 常見的有： under control 受控制； under treatment在治療中； under repair 在修理中； under di

30、scussion 在討論中； underconstruction 在施工中； beyond belief 令人難 以置信； beyond ones reach 鞭長莫及； beyond ones control 無法控制； beyond our hope 我們始料不及； forsale 出售；for rent 出租；in print 在印刷中；in sight 在視野范圍內(nèi)；on sale 出售；on show 展出； on trial受審；out of control 控制不了； out of sight 超出視線；out of ones reach 夠不著； out of fashion

31、不流行。如：The rumor is beyond belief(= cant be believed).那個謠言令人難以置信。Today some treasures are on show4are being shown)in the museum. 今天一些珍寶正在博物館展出。C. children will allowD. will children allow咼中英語語法精選 100 題B. not being invited C. not inviting D.not to be invited()2.“_ your meeting is!congratulations.A. Ho

32、w a great success B. What a great successC. How great success D. What great success()3. We must remember that_fashion is not the most important thingin_life.A. / the B. /; /C. the; / D. the; the()4.It _ quite a few years_ the accused wasdeclared innocent and set free.A. was; sinceB. is; that C. will

33、 be; when D. was;beforeThe professor said he could talk on_interested theaudience.topic he thought itUnder no circumstance_ to tell lies to parents.A. children are allowed B. are children allowed()1. Ms Nancy didnt mind at allto the ceremony.A. being not invitedhe offered them hissincere()5.A. any t

34、opic B. which topicC. whichever topic D. the()6.()7.Modern science and technology has _communication between people far apart.A. made convenient B. made it convenientC. made it convenient for D. made it convenient to()8.I heard that you really had a wonderful time at Johnbirthday party,_?A. didn t I

35、B. didn t yoC. hadn t yoD . willyou()9.The great use of school education is not so much to teachyou things_to teach you the art of learning.A. asB. that C. than D. but()10.No matter how frequently_the works of Beethovenalways attract a large number of people.A. performingB. performed C. to be perfor

36、med D.being performed()11._ their real economic situations, they got some relieffund from the government.A. ConsideringB. ConsideredC. Having been consideredD. Being considered()12.Tina_have known the truth, or she would have toldus.A. mustn tB. shouldn Ct. can t D. needn tThere are some police cars

37、 in front. What do you suppose_ ?A. is the matterB. is happenedC. is the wrongD. the trouble is()14._of water makes Death Valley a desert, but it is byno means devoid.A. Lacki ngB. Being lackC. Because of lackD. Lack()15. In recent years much more emphasis has been put_developingthe students product

38、ive skills.A. onto B. inC. over D. on()16. A survey was carried out on the death rate of those who were infectedby SARS,_ were surprising.A. as resultsB. which resultsC. the results of itD. the results of which()17.The organization broke no rules, but_ had it actedresponsibly.A. neither B. soC. eith

39、erD. both()18. Many workers were organized to clear away remained of theWorld Trade Center.A. those B. thatC. what D. where()19. My train arrives in New York at eight o clock tonight. The planewould like to take from there_by then.A. would leaveB. will have left C. has left D. had left()20. The prof

40、essor could hardly find sufficient grounds_ his argumentsin favor of the new theory.A. to be based onB. to base onC. which to base on D. on which to base()21 ._ evidence that language acquiring ability must bestimulated.A. If beingB. It is C. There is D.There being()22. Professor Wang ,_ for his inf

41、ormative lectures, was warmlyreceived by his students.A. knowingB. known C. to be known D.having known()23. In fact Peter would rather have left for San Francisco than_ in()13.New York.A. to stayB. stayed C. stay D. having stayed)24. You_him so closely; you should have kept your distance.A. shouldnt

42、 followC. couldnt have been followingfollowing)25. There has been a great increase in retail sales ,_A. does thereB. isnt thereC. hasnt thereD. isnt it)26. It is the news_ most parents of the hope that there is a safeand socially approved road to a kind of life they themselves have not had, but thei

43、rchildren can.A. that depriveB. that it deprivesC. that deprivesD. when it deprives)27.We hadn t met for 20 years, but I recognized he_I saw her .A. the momentcheat in the exam.Everyone hopes that we can do something to make thingsthe young from getting married during their college life.D. shouldnt

44、have beenB.forC. the moment whenD. at the moment when)28.On hearing a great noise, Mike looked forward throughthe windowwhat happened outside the room.A. to seeing B. to see C. seeingD. to have seen()29.Yoube driven out of the school if you dare toA. shouldB. would C. willD. shall()30.better, so we

45、cant helpurtdesqhesA. but workingB. but to work C. work D. but work()31.We all think thatno need to make laws to preventB. there has C. it has D. there is yuan.A. including B. included C. include D. to be included()33.With his eyes_on the family album, he thought ofthe fun he had when he lived with

46、his parents.A. fixing B. fixed C. to be fixed D. being fixed()34.George applied for the position three times_ hefinally got it.A. before B. until C. when D. after()35.This robot is supposed to save a lot of labor, but itremains a problem if it_.A. isB. saves C. does D. has()36.There were many more p

47、eople who got injured in the bigfire tha n_ .A. was reportedB. it was reportedC. were reportedD. they were reported()37.He doesn t know what to say, for it is the first time thathe_with a girl.A. went out B. goes out C. has gone out D. had gone out()38._ which way to take, the little boy behaved lik

48、e areal gentleman who comforted his sister from time to time.A. Leaving to wonder B. Having left toA. it is()32.Postage,the necklace will cost you at least 650D. Left to wonderwonder C. Left wondering( ) 39. During the tourist season, there are many peoplewandering in this city to see the old castle

49、s _ in the sixteenth century.A. to be built B. being builtC. having been built D. built( ) 40.When do you think _ start the new attack?A. they will B. will they C. they can D. can they( )41. Some 25,000 people were reported _ in the ever recordedworst earthquake inIran, which occurred late this mont

50、h.A. were killedB. to be killed C. killingD. to have been killed( ) 42. _ the teacher s suggestion, Tom finally found away to settle the problem.A. Following B. To follow C. FollowD. Hefollowed( ) 43. _ that no one was ever prepared for it.A. So suddenly did the bad news comeB. So suddenly the bad n

51、ews cameC. So did the bad news come suddenlyD. Did the bad news come so suddenly( ) 44. “_ the friendship between our two people last forever! ” ,and with this sincere hope, the president concluded his speech.A. Could B. May C. Would D. Must( )45.We need a more capable leader, _ with strong willand

52、as well as good humour.A. whoB. thatC. one D. which( ) 46. Many people attend various public lectures, chiefly _themselves familiar with the latest development of different fields.A. getting B. to getC. to have got D. got( ) 47. It is no longer a problem _ the poor children inthis district can go to

53、 school.A. that B. whether C. so D. because( ) 48. Of all the applicants, _ do you think is fit for the position?A. whoB. whoever C. whomeverD . whichever( ) 49. Part of the work is to be finished today and _ bythis weekend.A. another B. the others C. the rest D. the other( ) 50.Generally speaking,

54、the hard one works, _.A. the better he gets result B. the better result he getsC. he gets better result D. does he get better result( ) 51. With the worldwide oil crisis, the price of oil has been raised 15%.A. aboutB. withC. of D. by( ) 52. The lectures, _ the current international issues, are well

55、received.A. are covered B. covered C. covering D. to cover( ) 53. Peter is very angry about _ of the changed timetable.A. not informing B. not being informed C. being not informedD. not to beinformed( ) 54. It is _ that terrorism is a great threat to worldpeace.A. widely accepted B. widely accepting

56、 C. wide acceptedD. wide accepting( ) 55.The house built of stone lasts longer than _ built ofwood.A. the one B. oneC. that D. its( ) 56.E-mail as well as telephones _ more and more popularin daily communication.A. have become B. become C. are becoming D. is becoming( ) 57. This kind of cloth _ well

57、.A. washes B. wash C. is washed D. is washing( ) 58.What do you mean _ saying that you ve neveA. if to be cookedB. if cookedof it before?A. in B. by C. as D. with ( ) 59. He s an intelligtebnoy. Hemade such afoolish mistake.A. can t have B. may not have C. might not have D. mustn t have( ) 60.Each o

58、f the engineers and professors is working hard attheir posts, _ to accomplish the goal as soon as possible.A. wish B. for wishing C. wishing D. to wish ( ) 61._ It is just ashard to persuade my wife not to dance _ to keepme from the football field.A. so it is B. as it is C. so is it D. as is it( ) 6

59、2.It was dark and cold. They had to find a houseandto make a fire withB. to stayto make a fire D. to staySome of the middle-aged people were famous professors.A. were invitedB. who invited C. inviting D.invited( ) 64Most green vegetables, _ for too long, will losesome wood _ .A. to stay inC. to stay

60、 in( ) 63 to make a fire with to make a fireto the meetingA. if to be cookedB. if cookednutrition.C. if cookingD. if being cooked( ) 65. _ you dislike ancient buildings, Warrick Castle isworth a visit.A. As B. If C. Even if D.Now that( ) 66. _ the expense, I _ a round-the-world tour.A. Were it not w