雅思閱讀分類詞匯(1)

1、雅思閱讀分類詞匯狀況征詢題mechanism機理，機制precipitation陡落，落水conservation保護，保存environmentalist=conservationistacid酸；酸的circulation流利，循環(huán)typhoon,tornado,hurricanemeteorology氣象學(xué)volcano火山alkali堿；carbon碳Cvs.charcoal炭carbondioxide,carbonmonoxidefumeexhaustfumesvs.smoke,fog,smogpetroleum石油petrol(BE)=gasoline/gas(AE)eruptio

2、n噴發(fā)volcaniceruptiongranite花崗巖imminent=impendingvs.eminentCelsius攝氏的Fahrenheit華氏的ozone臭氧(o+zone)ozonelayerooze分泌分泌物latitude緯度longitude,altitudetropical(the)tropicstropical/torridzone,radiation輻射ultraviolet(UV)radiationradioactivetemperatezone,frigidzoneglacier冰川greenhouse溫室greenhouseeffect/gasessolar

3、太陽的dump傾倒，傾銷contaminate弄臟recycle接收再使用phenomenon現(xiàn)象catastrophe=disaster,cataclysmdeterioration惡化irreversible(=irrevocable)弗成逆的reclaim開墾，變革àreclamationcontentious有爭議的opt選擇nextinction滅絕speciesendangeredspeciesdrought干旱prioritize優(yōu)先考慮recurrent反復(fù)發(fā)生的re+(oc)cur+rentvs.concurrent生物、心理inundate淹沒molecule分子

4、embankment筑堤(em+bank+ment)sediment堆積物=depositdelta三角洲thePearlRiverDeltaalluvial沖積的aminoacids氨基酸protein蛋白質(zhì)enzyme酶(proteinsthatareproducedbycellsandactascatalystsinspecificbiochemicalreactions)desertification沙漠化desertvs.dessertdust-storm沙塵暴catalyst催化劑barren貧瘠的，不育的，無效的attributable歸因于beattributabletodef

5、orestation濫砍濫伐森林log原木，日志砍木vs.logovegetation植物，植被vs.vegetable,vegetarianchlorophyll葉綠素“chloro-:photosynthesis光協(xié)感染synthesis)photosyntheticbotany植物學(xué)botanist,botanicalflora植物群(photo+fauna植物群habitat棲息地bacteriumbacteria(pl.)細菌fungusfungi(pl.)真菌ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)viabilityalgaealga(pl.)herb海藻demographic人口統(tǒng)計的inte

6、rdependencecarnation康乃馨fade開放，褪色counterbalance使平衡，彌補organism機體，結(jié)構(gòu)hormone荷爾蒙，激素arthropod節(jié)肢植物vs.anthropoidreptile爬舉植物cholesterol膽固醇efficacy功效vs.efficiency,effectivenessamphibian兩棲植物mammal哺乳植物心理primate靈長目植物theorem情理，定理v.s.theorymethodology方法論；physiology心理學(xué)；evolution退步anthropoid類人猿(“anthrophum:ankind)an

7、thropology,philanthropyv.s.ape,gorilla,chimpanzeepsychiatry精神病學(xué)correlation相互關(guān)系gene基因DNA(deoxyribonucleicacid)genetics遺傳學(xué)geneticalhelix螺旋，螺旋壯物analyzeeverysinglesensation感觸，知覺；sensationalperception感知，認知intuition直覺；intuitivegenewithinthedoublehelixofhumanitysESP第六感ExtrasensoryPerceptionDNAmotivate鼓舞mot

8、ivationincentive鼓舞因素identical一致的mutation突變mutable,immutable,mutantpredator捕食者ESP第六感ExtrasensoryPerceptionmotivate鼓舞embryo胚胎incentive鼓舞因素roe魚子caviar魚子醬tadpole蝌蚪frog,toadcaterpillar毛毛蟲(cater+pillar)grasshopper蚱蜢，蝗蟲(=locust)cricket蟋蟀；板球stimulus撫慰disorder蕪雜，失落調(diào)dysfunction功能障礙dissonance不調(diào)跟，不不合trauma創(chuàng)傷but

9、terflyvs.mothanxiety著急=anxiousnessdepression沮喪pollen花粉傳粉pollinationhive蜂房insomnia失落眠larvalarvae(pl.)幼蟲vs.lavapupa蛹phobia害怕(癥)àsuffix:-phobiaacrophobia恐高癥penguin企鵝vs.dolphin(海豚)raccoon浣熊vs.kangaroo(袋鼠)hibernate冬眠(=holeup)torpid麻木的，冬眠的vs.torpedo(魚雷)cerebral大年夜腦的xenophobia仇外者，懼外者claustrophobia幽閉害怕

10、癥allergy過敏(癥)，惡感Hpensity傾向*Mostboyshaveahemisphere半球(hemi+sphere)cortex腦皮層propensityofplayingwithmachinery.=tendency,inclinationmigraine偏頭疼paranoid偏執(zhí)的paranoia偏執(zhí)狂workaholic任務(wù)狂(alcoholic)symptom病癥somatic軀體的limb四肢upper/lowerlimbanatomy解剖，分析diagnosis診斷(n.)paralyze使癱瘓(=incapac

11、itate,immobilize)artery動脈vein靜脈gland腺體electroencephalogramelectrocardiogram(心電圖)assertive武斷的腦電圖pancreas胰therapy治療法hypnotism催眠術(shù)(hypnotize)prescribe開藥方vs.subscribe,describe,antidepressant抗沉悶藥misunderstandingbarrier障礙(物)=barricadediscrimination區(qū)不，奴視racial/sexualdiscriminationtranquilizer平復(fù)藥side-effect(

12、+s)惡感染hierarchy等級制度heir+arch(govern)+yinsularity島國性質(zhì)immune免疫的，免除的rehabilitation規(guī)復(fù)，康復(fù)*Britishindustryhasoftenbeencriticizedforitslinguisticinsularity.relapse舊病復(fù)發(fā)，故態(tài)復(fù)萌vs.elapse流逝子在川上曰：逝者如斯夫，不舍晝夜！chronic慢性的microcosm小寰宇nostalgia=homesicknessadulthood成人期patriot愛國者puberty青春發(fā)動期compatriot同胞，同胞的com+patriotve

13、rnacular外地的，本國的外地話，本國話*thevernacularlanguagesofIndiaimmigration移入immigrant,immigratev.s.emigration(emigrant,emigrate)Antipodes澳大年夜利亞跟新西蘭非正式用法permeate滲透，彌漫*Smokepermeatedthehouse.adolescence青春期(thetimeoflifebetweenpubertyandadulthood)emotional心境的affective情感的sane神智健全的insanesuperstition科學(xué)telepathy傳心術(shù)，通

14、靈術(shù)apathy無情感，無興趣，冷漠indifference)(=entrepreneur企業(yè)家entrepreneurshippractitioner開業(yè)者，從業(yè)者celebrity紳士luminary,VIPproxy代理人pathology病理學(xué)，病理，病變delusion迷惑，欺瞞vs.illusiondisorientation迷失落(dis+orientation)anecdote軼事disorientednotoriety惡名notoriouspervert使失落常/失常失落常/失常者counterpart對應(yīng)人，對等物*WhosGeorgeBushscounterpartinC

15、hina(HuJintao)peer同等的人凝視，窺視introspection內(nèi)省vs.retrospection回想，反省sublimation純化，升華subordinate下級，下級的personality=personalcharacteristicsmultiplepersonality多重品格tactics戰(zhàn)術(shù)，技藝vs.strategy(戰(zhàn)略，戰(zhàn)略)marketingstrategyv.s.sellingtacticsnuance細微差異innate天賦的in+nate(nature)=inborn,congenitalbenchmarking類比分析attribute屬性pu

16、nctual準(zhǔn)時的，守時的trait特色，品質(zhì)nationaltraits公道易近性vs.traitor叛變者absenteeism曠工flextime彈性任務(wù)時辰harass騷擾harassment*MarysaidthatGaryhadsexuallyharassedher.redundancy冗余，冗員networkredundancydownsize裁員(layoff)文化homogeneous同質(zhì)的heterosexualvs.homosexual,mainstream主流，主流的dialect方言(vs.accent)discrepancy差異ballot投票(=vote)impa

17、rtial不偏不倚的lobby大年夜堂(n.)游說(v.)misconception歪曲(mis+concept+ion)=shortlist(BE)供最后選擇或考慮的候選人名單cafeteria自助餐廳=canteencater稱心(需要)equilibrium平衡，平衡questionnaire調(diào)查表，征詢卷quantitative定量的vs.qualitativecontingency偶然性，偶然狀況incur招致incurdebts/hatred/dangervs.occur,concur,recuraerobics有氧健身操“aero:airbadminton羽毛球(運動)baseb

18、all棒球baseballbatsquash壁球(運動)fessionalethical倫理的，符合倫理的dubious不清楚的，可疑的*Peopleweredubiousabouttheresult.gathering聚會v.s.meeting,reunionexcursion遠足=outing,expeditioncommonwealth共跟國，聯(lián)邦Commonwealth英聯(lián)邦manifestation表示，證明manifestsubtitle字幕，副標(biāo)題subsidiary,submarine,subway(BE:underground,tube),subur

19、b(downtown,uptown,outskirts)dubbing配音錄制tertiary第三的post-secondarypostgraduate,postdoctoral,post-sale,postwarilliterate文盲不識字的literacydiscipline學(xué)科，法則v.s.subjectterminology術(shù)語vogue時興=chicbizarre獨特的vs.weird(共同的)mediocre偉大的faculty大年夜學(xué)的系、科，全部老師dean(大年夜學(xué))教務(wù)長dietitian飲食學(xué)家connoisseur行家，不雅觀賞家curriculum課程extracu

20、rricular課外的syllabus課程提綱教誨calendartimetableschedule,agenda,日歷，日程accommodation(膳宿)供應(yīng)=roomandboardlodging寄宿(處)compulsory逼迫的，的elective選修的examinervs.examineelease出租“forleasetenant佃農(nóng)，佃戶,v“.sto.reletntrecruit招生，招募recruitment=enrollprestige聲譽，聲威prestigiousesteem尊敬n.&v.landlord房東landlady房東太太tenant租客house

21、mate，roommate,dormmate,schoolmate,classmateaptitude智力SAT:SchoolAptitudeTestmatriculation任命入學(xué)dormitory寢室dormvocation職業(yè)=calling,occupation,careerabbreviation縮略(詞)abridge延伸，刪節(jié)aupair為互換房間、住處、及深造某家語言的機遇而為該家做家務(wù)的年輕本國人transferable(學(xué)分等)可轉(zhuǎn)換的reciprocal相互的，互惠的hostel宿舍，客棧youthhostel青年旅館realestate房地產(chǎn)scholarship獎學(xué)

22、金=fellowshiptutorial指導(dǎo)(課)tutor=lecturer,instructorpedagogue老師，學(xué)究pedagogy教誨學(xué)，教學(xué)法vicinity=neighborhoodflat平的，癟的flattire公寓=apartmentvs.condo,studiolexicography詞典編撰assignment任務(wù)，(課外)作業(yè)dissertation論文(=thesis)bond=depositlinen亞麻的亞麻織品，床單=bedlinenutensil器皿credential證明，文憑credentialsalumni校友(男)vs.alumnaeoveres

23、timate高估vs.underestimatedecipher解碼，闡明=decodestationery文具vs.stationary結(jié)實的laundry洗衣，洗衣店caliber才干Jupiter木星Mercury,Venus,Mars,Saturnexorbitant過度的，過分的，過高的科技centripetal向心(力)的centrifugalubiquitous普遍存在的=omnipresentomniscient,omnipotenthigh-rise高樓skyscrapercathedral大年夜教堂versatile(人)多才多藝的，(物)通用的alchemy煉金術(shù)dome

24、圓頂infrastructure基礎(chǔ)裝備superstructuresewage污水，下水道transmute變形，演變arduous困難的=strenuouspitfall騙局，未預(yù)見之艱辛metallurgy冶金hydraulic水力的，水壓的landfill垃圾掩埋(地)ventilation通風(fēng)alloy合金thermostat溫控器thermos,thermometer,thermonuclearaluminum=aluminium(BE)calcium,uranium,radium,copper,brass,bronzeelectrode電極prefabricate預(yù)先制造poly

25、technic各種工藝的理工黌舍HongKongPolytechnicdistill蒸餾distilledwaterquartz石英geometric幾多何(學(xué))的geometryasymmetry過錯稱symmetryphosphorus磷，磷光物質(zhì)inflammable易燃的concave凹的convexcombustion熄滅spontaneouscombustionceramic陶瓷的瓷器bilateral雙邊的，兩方面的unilateralparadoxical似非“而是的paradox悖論empirical閱歷的empiricallaw/formulaclockwise順時針的an

26、ticlockwiseinsulate隔絕，絕緣insulatorvs.conductorfiber纖維(BE:fibre)fiberoptics纖維光學(xué)optics光學(xué)retina視網(wǎng)膜火山爆發(fā)iris虹膜abundantadj.豐富的，富余的opaque不透明的v.s.transparent,translucentmicroprocessor微處理器binary二進制的accretionn.添加accumulationn.積存，堆積物activevolcano活火山AlaskaVolcanoObservatory阿拉斯加州火山不雅觀看站buffer緩沖區(qū)bufferstoragebrows

27、er閱讀器hypertext超文本AleutianIslands阿留申群島環(huán)布于阿拉envisage想象，看作斯加半島尖端的弧形島嶼momentous(極為)要緊的v.s.momentaryreticular網(wǎng)狀的alternatinglayersoflavaflows熔巖流的交互疊層Ethernet以太網(wǎng)aluminumn.化鋁domain域domainnamescyberlaw搜集法律“cyber-:InternetrelatedArcheanadj.地質(zhì)太古代的Archeologyn.考古學(xué)cyberlove,cybercafe,patent專利ascendingadj.上升的，向上的a

28、shparticle灰燼微粒chronological準(zhǔn)時辰次第的robot板滯人avalanchen.&v.雪崩awesomeadj.引起敬畏的，恐懼的basalticlava玄武巖火山石basin-shapedadj.盆狀的artificial自然的，做作的artificialsatellitecone圓錐體，錐形物beatout敲平devastatevt.毀壞belatedadj.誤期的，遲來的blacksmithn.鐵匠diametern.直徑diken.堤防blanketn.毯子，掩飾dissolvedgases稀釋的氣體domen.圓屋頂blastn.一股氣流，爆炸，襲擊波

29、blobn.一滴，水滴domicalshape圓頂型blockyadj.短而結(jié)實的，斑駁的bombsn.火山口噴出的大年夜堆球狀熔巖bowl-shapedcrater碗型的火山口bubblen.泡沫dormancyn.睡眠，冬眠dormantadj.睡眠形狀的，運動的downslopeadj.下坡的；adv.向著坡下Earth'scrust地殼bulbousadj.球根的ejectedmaterial噴射出來的物質(zhì)elongatev.拉長，使伸長embeddedadj.植入的，內(nèi)含的buoyancyn.浮性，浮力calciumn.化鈣元素標(biāo)志cacalderan.地質(zhì)噴火山口，凹陷處c

30、arbondioxide化二氧化碳carbonatedsoftdrink碳酸飲料Caribbeann.加勒比海emissionn.光、熱等的散發(fā)，發(fā)射，噴射Enceladusn.土衛(wèi)希神恩克拉多斯叛變眾神的巨人catastrophicadj.悲涼的，災(zāi)禍的chimneyn.煙囪，燈罩eonn.永世，無數(shù)的年代erosionn.墮落，墮落formationofcone火山口的形成lavaflow熔巖流cindercone火山渣形成的圓錐體circulardepression圓形的凹陷circularadj.圓形的，循環(huán)的compositevolcano復(fù)式火山conduitn.導(dǎo)管，溝渠erup

31、tionn.爆發(fā)，火山灰evacuatev.撤退evolvev.使展開，使進展exhumevt.掘出，發(fā)射fannningn.攤開，展開fertileadj.胖沃的，富饒的fissuren.裂縫，裂溝flankn.正面conduitsystem溝渠系統(tǒng)conen.錐形物，圓錐體congealv.使凍結(jié)，使凝集conicalhill圓錐型的小山Cotopaxin.科多帕?；鹕皆诙蚬隙酄柋辈縡loodingn.浩繁，水災(zāi)couleen.深谷，地質(zhì)熔巖流craggyadj.陡峭的fluidlavaflow流淌的熔巖流foldingadj.可折疊的cratern.坑forceofgravity重力，地

32、心引力forgev.鑄造crumplev.弄皺，壓皺crystaladj.結(jié)晶狀的；n.晶體crystallineadj.水晶的crystallizationn.結(jié)晶化cubickilometer破方公里debrisn.碎片，殘骸fracturen.分裂fragmentn.碎片，斷片frothn.泡沫，廢物Fujin.富士山在日本本州島上的去世火山funnel-shapedcrater漏斗型的火山口gaspressure氣壓demolishvt.毀壞，毀壞densecloudsoflavafragments稀疏的火山ga搜尋引擎優(yōu)化usadj.氣體的，氣態(tài)的巖碎片geologicadj.地質(zhì)學(xué)的，地質(zhì)學(xué)上descendon攻打的destructivepower毀壞力geologistn.地質(zhì)學(xué)者geophysicistn.地球物理學(xué)者glassyadj.像玻璃的放plainn.平原，草原planetaryprobe行星探測器graniticadj.花崗石的，由花崗巖形成的hemispheren.半球planetaryscientist行星科學(xué)家Pompeiin.龐培意大年夜利古都，公元火山爆發(fā)，