核心詞匯必備

1、1 operate v. 運轉(zhuǎn)，動手術(shù)，經(jīng)營真題例句1)But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves - goals that pose a real challenge. (2002年text2)但是，如果想讓機(jī)器人更進(jìn)一步地節(jié)約勞力，就得讓它們能夠在更少的人類監(jiān)控下運行， 并至少能

2、獨立作出一些決策這是一個真正的挑戰(zhàn)。詞形變化：operates / operating / operated近義詞conduct2 crucial adj. 關(guān)鍵的, 決定性的真題原句1)The panel has not yet reached agreement on a crucial question, however, whether to recommend legislation that would make it a crime for private funding to be used for human cloning. (1999年text4)然而，該小組尚未在一個關(guān)

3、鍵問題上達(dá)成一致，即是否建議立法機(jī)關(guān)把將私人資金用于 克隆人的行為視為犯罪。近義詞urgent / important / decisive反義詞secondary / subordinate1 extend v. 延伸，擴(kuò)展，盡可能地伸開（身體某部），給予， 提供， 發(fā)出真題例句1)NBAC will ask that Clinton's 90-day ban on federal funds for human cloning be extended indefinitely, and possibly that it be made law. (1999年text4)NBAC將要

4、求克林頓總統(tǒng)禁止使用聯(lián)邦資金克隆人的90天禁令無限期地延長，并且還可能要求將之立法。詞形變化：extends / extending / extended近義詞reach / expand / stretch反義詞shrink2 capacity n. C 才能，能力，功能，容量，U 地位身份真題原句1)At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity. (2009年text1) 當(dāng)我們到了青春期的時候，大腦喪失了一半的能力。詞形變化：capacities近義詞power1 commit

5、 vt. 犯罪，犯錯，承諾，使自己受約束，把托付給，委托真題例句1)All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, although a direct causal relationship has not yet been established. (2004年完形)盡管導(dǎo)致青少年犯罪的直接原因還未確定，但以上所有這些因素都可能會增加青少年犯罪的幾率。詞形變化：commits / committing / committed近義詞promise / entr

6、ust2 figure v. 估計，料想 n. 數(shù)字 C n. 人物，人士 C n. 人或動物的像，畫像，肖像真題原句1)Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. (2005年text4)不管是在演講，還是在寫作中，美國人已不再期待公眾人物能運用技巧和文采來駕馭英語。詞形變化：figures / figuring / figured1 relate v. 使互相關(guān)聯(lián)，有關(guān)，涉及真題

7、例句1)This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market, whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own. (2005年part C)盡管導(dǎo)致青少年犯罪的直接原因還未確定，但以上所有這些因素都可能會增加青少年犯罪的幾率。詞形變化：relates / relating / related近義詞associate / concern反義詞dissociate2 statemen

8、t n. 聲明，陳述，說法 C真題例句1)Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medica

9、l treatment. (2003年text2)最后，因為最終決定因素是病人，醫(yī)療研究機(jī)構(gòu)不僅應(yīng)該積極爭取斯Stephen Cooper這樣的名人的支持 他對動物實驗的價值勇敢地進(jìn)行了肯定 而且應(yīng)該爭取所有接受治療的病人的支持。詞形變化：statements1 complex adj. 復(fù)雜的，復(fù)合的，合成的 n. 綜合體，集合體 C真題例句1) This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political

10、 systems required by advanced economic performance. (2009年text3)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的提高需要相應(yīng)的復(fù)雜的政治體制，而這種日益提高的教育水平是建立政治體制的必要而非充分條件。詞形變化：complexes近義詞complicated反義詞simple2 demonstrate vt. 顯示，表露，（用實驗，實例等）說明，教，論證，證明真題例句1) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact unde

11、rlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. (2005年partC)僅此就足以表明，在電視行業(yè)里生存并不容易，統(tǒng)計數(shù)字更印證了這個事實：1989年，在80家歐洲電視網(wǎng)中，一半以上出現(xiàn)虧損。1 significant adj. 重要的，重大的，有意義的，有用意的，意味深長的真題例句1) It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in th

12、is overwhelmingly significant phase in European history. (2005年partC)現(xiàn)今階段，在歐洲歷史上至關(guān)重要。當(dāng)此之際，談?wù)摯蟊妭髅降淖饔?，誠非易事。詞形變化：complexes反義詞 insignificant2 status n. 情形，狀況 C n. 地位，身份 U真題例句1) Children commit crimes in response to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status(2004年完形)兒童犯罪，是因為他們未能如愿的提高自己的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)地位

13、。詞形變化：statuses近義詞position1 cover v. 報道，足夠支付，覆蓋，遮蓋 n. 封面 C真題例句1) The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortunes, still, does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. (2003年text3)整體來說，雖然鐵路行業(yè)有耀眼的資產(chǎn)，但它的收入仍然不足以支付為滿足不斷增長的運輸需要而

14、進(jìn)行的固定資產(chǎn)投資。詞形變化：covers / covering / covered近義詞include / contain 反義詞 expose / uncover2 conduct n. 指導(dǎo)，安排，行為，舉動，品行 U v. 引導(dǎo)，指揮，管理真題原句1) Ericsson grew up in Sweden, and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology.(20

15、07年text1)在瑞典長大的埃里克森，一直研究核工程，直到他認(rèn)識到，如果他轉(zhuǎn)向心理學(xué)領(lǐng)域，他將會有更多機(jī)會從事自己的研究。1 consequence n. 結(jié)果，后果，影響 C n. 重要（性），重大 C 真題例句1) British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. (2001年text1)盡管職業(yè)化和專業(yè)化在19世紀(jì)的英國地質(zhì)學(xué)界已進(jìn)行得相當(dāng)深入，然而其全部效應(yīng)直至20世紀(jì)才體現(xiàn)出來。詞形變化：consequ

16、ences 近義詞conclusion / significance 反義詞 cause2 essential adj. 必要的，重要的 adj. 本質(zhì)的，實質(zhì)的，基本的真題例句1) We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. (2000年passage3)我們必須大量使用基本詞匯，擺脫句號、修飾性形容詞及限定性動詞的牽制。近義詞important 反義詞unimportant1 management n.

17、管理，經(jīng)營，處理 C n. 管理部門，管理人員 C真題例句 1) "Setting the proper investment level for security, redundancy, and recovery is a management issue, not a technical one," he says. (2007年text4)他表示“為安全、備份以及恢復(fù)確定適當(dāng)?shù)耐顿Y標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是一個管理問題，不是技術(shù)問題?！痹~形變化：managements近義詞government2 approach v. 靠近，接近，面對 n. 入口，途徑 C真題例句1) Histori

18、cal particularism became a dominant approach to the study of culture in American anthropology, largely through the influence of many students of Boas. (2009年partB) 主要在博厄斯許多學(xué)生的影響下，歷史特殊理論成為美國文化人類學(xué)研究的主導(dǎo)理論。詞形變化：approaches / approaching / approached近義詞access反義詞leave1 inevitable adj. 不可避免的，必然（發(fā)生）的真題例句 ) W

19、e now take our English "on paper plates instead of china. " A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one. (2005年text4)我們現(xiàn)在用“紙盤子”而非“瓷盤子”裝著我們的英語大餐。真是慚愧啊，但很可能是無法避免的。近義詞inescapable / unavoidable反義詞avoidable / evitable2 justify vt. 替. 辯護(hù)，證明. 正當(dāng)真題例句1) Railroads justify rate discrimination ag

20、ainst captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone's cost. (2003年text3)鐵路公司對“被控”客戶進(jìn)行區(qū)別對待的依據(jù)是，從長遠(yuǎn)來看，這樣做會降低所有人的成本。詞形變化：justifies / justifying / justified近義詞 defend1 immune adj. 不受影響的真題例句 1) Some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain someh

21、ow immune to the nation's assimilative power. (2006年text1)一些美國人卻害怕住在美國的移民不知為何能不受這個國家的同化力量的影響。近義詞resistant 反義詞susceptible2 impose vt. 強(qiáng)加于真題例句1) Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withs

22、tand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs. (2008年text3)而且，就算人類已經(jīng)直立行走已經(jīng)幾百萬年了，我們的腳和背部繼續(xù)對抗著巨大的壓力，這些壓力來源于雙足直立的姿勢和巨大的肢體。詞形變化：imposes / imposing / imposed近義詞 burden1 initiative n. 主動的行動，倡議 C n. 主動性，首創(chuàng)精神 C真題例句 1) If the Administration won't take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to

23、begin fashioning conservation measures(2005年text2)如果政府不爭取立法上的主動權(quán)，國會就應(yīng)該幫助政府開始采取保護(hù)措施。詞形變化：initiatives2 lately adv. 最近，不久前真題例句1) Researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries. (2002年text2)最近科學(xué)家們開始將這項預(yù)測退后了即便不是幾百年，也至少是幾十年近義詞recently1 manifest vt. 證實，證明 adj. 明顯的 vt. 表明，

24、顯示，表露真題例句 1) The loss of U.S. predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that the American auto industry had lost part of its domestic market. (2000年passage1)美國電子工業(yè)子啊國內(nèi)市場上失去了優(yōu)勢，這個事實表明美國在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的主體地位在20世紀(jì)80年代一去不復(fù)返。詞形變化：manifests / manifesting / manifested近義詞apparent / evident / obvious2 merely adv. 僅僅，只不過真題例句1) They would try to decide what intelligence