構(gòu)詞法二 派生詞,轉(zhuǎn)化詞

1、構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法：合成(Compounding) 派生法（Derivation） 【前綴/后綴】轉(zhuǎn)化法（Conversion） 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】Classify: pathway freedom darkest place unfair lock everyday riverside nurse disagree 合成詞合成詞(有兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞有兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞):轉(zhuǎn)化詞轉(zhuǎn)化詞(將一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化成另一種詞性將一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化成另一種詞性):派生詞派生詞(在詞根上加上前、后綴構(gòu)成另外一個詞在詞根上加上前、后綴構(gòu)成另外一個詞):everyday pathway riversideunfair

2、darkest disagree freedomlock place nurse 合成詞合成詞 pain-killercolor- blindsleep-walksleep-walker1. 合成名詞合成名詞 (1) n+n air conditioner blood pressure income tax credit card (2) adj + n central bank fast food空調(diào)空調(diào) 血壓血壓所得稅所得稅 信用卡信用卡中央銀行中央銀行 快餐快餐 solar system remote control (3) v-ing +另一詞另一詞 washing machine d

3、riving license (4) 其他方式其他方式 by-product editor-in-chief太陽系太陽系 遙控遙控洗衣機洗衣機駕駛執(zhí)照駕駛執(zhí)照副產(chǎn)品副產(chǎn)品主編主編2. 合成形容詞合成形容詞 (1) 過去分詞或帶過去分詞或帶ed詞尾的詞構(gòu)成。詞尾的詞構(gòu)成。 absent-minded grey-haired (2) 動詞的動詞的ing 或另一詞構(gòu)成或另一詞構(gòu)成 long-suffering far-reaching心不在焉的心不在焉的頭發(fā)灰白的頭發(fā)灰白的長期受苦的長期受苦的深遠(yuǎn)的深遠(yuǎn)的(影響影響)3. 合成動詞及合成副詞合成動詞及合成副詞 overeat baby-sit emp

4、ty-handed 吃得太多吃得太多看孩子看孩子 一無所獲的一無所獲的. . 合成合成 : : 有兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞。有兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞。復(fù)合名詞復(fù)合名詞class + room = classroom (名詞名詞+名詞名詞)black+ board= blackboard (形容詞形容詞+名詞名詞)復(fù)合形容詞復(fù)合形容詞warm + heart + ed = warmhearted 熱心腸的熱心腸的good + looking = good-looking 相貌好看的相貌好看的world +wide= worldwide世界性的世界性的hard+ working=hard-wor

5、king 努力工作的努力工作的 復(fù)合動詞復(fù)合動詞 over + come = overcome克服克服 (副詞副詞+動詞動詞)復(fù)合數(shù)詞復(fù)合數(shù)詞 fifty+ four= fifty-four復(fù)合代詞復(fù)合代詞 everyone, somebody, anything, nobody ( 不定代詞不定代詞+名詞名詞)復(fù)合副詞復(fù)合副詞down+ stairs = downstairs在樓下在樓下( 形容詞形容詞+名詞名詞) whole+ heartedly =wholeheartedly 全神貫注地全神貫注地(副詞副詞+副詞副詞)加前綴：加前綴： happy -happy - _happyhappy

6、 加后綴：加后綴： develop -develop - developdevelop_既加前綴又加后綴：既加前綴又加后綴： employ -employ -_employemploy_unmentunment派生法（派生法（DerivationDerivation）-詞綴詞綴法法1. 1. 前綴前綴: :Pre- （前）（前）Pre-reading, preview, prepayRe- (重新)Rewrite, reconsider, reusedis- （不）（不）disagree , dislike , disappear派生法（派生法（DerivationDerivation）-詞綴

7、詞綴法法1. 1. 前綴前綴: :in/im- （不）（不） incorrect , impossiblemis （錯誤或失當(dāng)）（錯誤或失當(dāng)）super- （超級）（超級）mini-（微小）（微?。﹎isunderstand, misleadsupermarket, supermanminiskirt, minibus-er-or-tion-ment-ity-ist-hood-ionteacher, workervisitor, sailor education, satisfactiondevelopment, movementability, possibility pianist, ar

8、tist childhood, brotherhood action, solution, conclusion1).名詞后綴名詞后綴 ：-er -or -tion -ment -ity -ist -hood -ion2. 常見的后綴常見的后綴-er -or -tion -ment -ity -ist -hood -ionwork educate develop visit teach sail movepiano art child act brother soluteconclude er/ormentor / resserorment/ ististhood/ion/ionorhood-

9、ous-ful-y dangerous, humoroushelpful, careful thankful Healthy snowy windy2）.形容詞后綴：形容詞后綴：3）. 副詞性的詞綴：副詞性的詞綴：-lyRealShyWide CarefuldirectRecentHappyEasywonderfullylylylylylyly/ily/ily轉(zhuǎn)化法轉(zhuǎn)化法（Conversion）bookn. 書本v.預(yù)定I have a book.Do you book a seat?walk n.散步散步v. 散步散步Lets go out for a walk .I often walk

10、a dog after dinner.1. He was one of the best _ in yesterdays football match. (play)2. Look! How _ Kate is laughing! (happy)players happily 構(gòu)詞法精練構(gòu)詞法精練3. It snowed _ last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy)4. Edison was a great _. During his life he had many _. (invent)heavily inventor inventions 5. More and more _ have come to visit China over these years. （foreign）6. She hoped that h