Unit5三峽旅游英語

1、Unit FiveThe World Famous Three Gorges ProjectThe World Famous Three Gorges ProjectThe Grand Three Gorges ProjectThe First Dam Across the YangtzeThe Peak Crock-The Gezhouba Dam Even in 1919, Dr. Sun Zhongshan advocated the development of the Three Gorges : “By damming up the river , so that boats co

2、uld go upstream and rich hydroelectric power could be developed as well ”. On April 3 , 1992 , the 7th session of the Chinese National Peoples Congress approved “the proposal to build the Yangtze River Three Gorges Project ” that has brought about the construction of the Three Gorges Dam . The whole

3、 construction of the project is done according to the plan of “the first class development , complete construction reserving by steps and continuous emigrants” (移民). The total time limits for the project cost 17 years including three phases. The total investment is estimated to be 203.9 billion RMB

4、yuan . At last , the reservoir will submerge about 28.753 hectares arable lands and force 1.1318 million people to migrate. With it overall completion , the front water line will be 2,345 meters long , general reservoir level will be 175m high and it has integrate benefits such as flood control , ge

5、nerating , transporting , touring ,etc. We are developing tourism while the project is in progress . The huge site , various advanced facilities ,and beautiful and nice surroundings have absorbed a large number of visitors from home and abroad who are concerned about the building of the project .The

6、 Three Gorges Project was once a dream of Chinese for 100 years . But now , when the dream realized , the old beautiful homeland where we ever lived became a bygone dream . The things in the world cannot satisfy both sides . But facing the smooth lake rising in the high mountains , we have a joyful

7、and gratified sense in our complex emotions . With less peculiar and elegant beauty . The Three Gorges is now more immense . It is more important that the construction of the Three Gorges Project brought these new towns spreading all over the reservoir areas and modernized the life of the people in

8、the Three Gorges at least half a century ahead of time . 世界聞名的長江三峽工程 早在1919年，孫中山先生就提出開發(fā)長江三峽的設(shè)想：“以閘堰其水， 使舟得以溯流以行，而又可資其水力”。1992年4月3日，第七屆全國人民代表大會第五次會議通過關(guān)于興建長江三峽工程的決議，舉世矚目的長江三峽工程建設(shè)從此拉開了序幕。 三峽工程采用“一級開發(fā)，一次建成，分期蓄水，連續(xù)移民”的方案，工程總工期17年，分三個階段施工，總投資預計為2039億元人民幣，水庫最終將淹沒耕地43.13萬畝，最終將移民113.18萬人。Translation:工程竣工后，擋水

9、前沿總長為2345米，水庫正常蓄水位175米，具有防洪、發(fā)電、航運、旅游等多種綜合效益。工程邊施工，邊開發(fā)旅游，浩大的施工現(xiàn)場和現(xiàn)代化的施工手段、優(yōu)美整潔、綠草如茵的施工生活環(huán)境吸引了無數(shù)關(guān)心支持三峽工程建設(shè)的中外賓客。 三峽工程曾經(jīng)是中國人的一個世紀之夢，然而， 當今天這個夢想成真之時，我們曾經(jīng)居住過的古老而美麗的生活家園卻又變成了一個逝去的舊夢，世事之事，嘆難兩全。面對今天的高峽平湖，在我們復雜的情感中，也有足夠的暢快和欣慰之感。三峽雖然少了奇險幽深之美，畢竟也新添了浩淼闊遠之壯。最重要的是，正因為有了三峽工程的興建，才有了今天三峽庫區(qū)這些星羅棋布的現(xiàn)代化新城鎮(zhèn)，才使得三峽人能夠提前至少半

10、個世紀融入了現(xiàn)代人的生活。backPassage 1The Grand Three Gorges Project The Three Gorges Project , with its full name the Three Gorges Water Control Project on the Yangtze River , lying at the Sandouping Town of Yichang City situated at the medium part of Xilingxia Gorge ( one of the Three Gorges ) is the most eno

11、rmous one under development around the world . It is 38.6 kilomters far away from the Yichang City proper and established Gezhouba Dam and 644 km voyage to the upstream city Chongqing . The whole project includes a gravity type dam , water release gates , a hindsided power plant , permanent ship loc

12、ks and a ship lift . A dam of 2,035 meters long , 185 meters high and 175 meters general reservation , power plants and shipping facilities constitute this project . The plant of 1.82 million KW total installed capacity is made up 26 generators 14 on the left ,12 on the right of 700,000 KW single-ma

13、chine capacity , which altogether can produce electric energy of 84.7 billion kwh a year . The shipping facilities situated on the left bank are constructed of double 5-step ship locks , by which a 10,000-vessel can transit . And single 1-step upright ship lift can quickly transport a 1,000-ton pass

14、enger liner and its unilateral annual transport ability is 50 million tons . The dynamic total investment is 203.9 billion RMB yuan and time limit for the project is 17 years . In 1993 it was officially started and by 2009 it will be completely ended . There are three periods in plan . First a 5-yea

15、r ( 1992-1997 ) was contributed to preparation and was well done till the closure day of Nov. 8 , 1997 . During that time the views were well protected . And second a 6-year ( 1998-2003 ) is mainly for the construction of plant on the left dam, installation for generators and building of water relea

16、se gates and permanent ship locks . In June 2003, water level rose to the 135 mters line, backwater reached Wanzhou City, the Zhangfei Temple was submerged and the surface of the Three Gorges became quiet but not rapid and dangerous. And last a 6-year (2003-2009) will be aimed for construction of pl

17、ant on the right dam and the rest installation of generators . By 2006 water level will rise to 156m line and finally to the 175m line in 2012 , meaning that water level will rise 110m in all . Then the backwater will reach Chongqing and the splendid sight “ Among great gorges appears a smooth lake

18、” will come true . The Three Gorges Project is a huge comprehensive water conservancy project with profound influence . It will produce many advantages like flood control , power generating and better shipping conditions . It also can supply more water during the dry seasons for the middle and lower

19、 reaches of the Yangtze River . It will also provide water for the south-to-north-water-transfer project , which will ease the water problems in northern China . There are many other advantages such as irrigation, tourism, aquatic products and economic development in the reservoir area . The Three G

20、orges Project is very important for Chinese social and economic development . Contribution belongs to present age, benefits will last forever ! 1張飛廟：張飛廟位于四川省云陽縣城，長江南岸的飛鳳山麓，祀三國蜀漢名將張飛，此廟已有1700多年歷史,由一組匠心獨運的古建筑群組成，氣勢宏偉壯麗,是難得的文武合廟。廟前臨江石壁上書有“江上風清”四個大字，字體雄勁秀逸。廟內(nèi)塑有張飛像，珍藏有漢唐以來的大量詩文碑刻書畫及其他文物數(shù)百件，多為稀世珍品。素有“三絕”(

21、文章絕世，書法絕世，鐫刻絕世)之盛譽，號稱“文藻勝地”、“巴渝勝境”。三峽大壩建成以后，此廟嚴格按照原物、原狀、原材料和原工藝進行整體搬遷至云陽新縣城盤石鎮(zhèn)。同時按原樣再造張飛廟周圍的環(huán)境，包括地形、山澗、巖坎等，以確保復建的張飛廟內(nèi)、外的造型布局、面積方位，甚至一桌一椅、一草一木，都跟原來沒有兩樣。Notes: 2to make up : constitute ; compose 構(gòu)成；組成 eg. Six women and nineteen men make up the committee . This make up 12% of their totel income . to co

22、ntribute to : help to bring about 有助于；對有好處 eg. These measures contributed greatly to improve our English study . His carelessness contributed to the accident New Words: situated a. 位于, contribute v. 捐助, 捐獻 voyage n. 航程, 航空 vi. 航海, 航行 closure vt. 使終止 gravity n. 地心引力, 重力 protect vt. 保護 release n. 釋放,

23、解放 installation n. 安裝, 裝置, 就職 facility n. 設(shè)備, 工具 rapid a. 迅速的，飛快的install vt. 安裝, 安置 conservancy n. (自然物源的)保護,管理 capacity n. 容量,才能, 地位 profound adj. 深刻,深遠 generators n. 發(fā)電機, 發(fā)生器 influence n. 影響, 感化 vessel n. 船, 容器, 器皿 advantage n. 優(yōu)勢, 利益 transit vt. 橫越, 通過 ease vt. 使悠閑, 使安心 unilateral a. 單方面, 單邊的 irr

24、igation n. 灌溉, 沖洗 dynamic a. 動態(tài)的 aquatic a. 水的, 水生的 officially ad. 職務上, 正式 kWh . 度，千瓦/小時 KW kilowatt 電千瓦I. Answer the questions:1. What proposal about the river did Su Zhongshan put forward ?2. Where is the Three Gorges Project ?3. How many fcilities does the Three Gorges Project have and what are t

25、hey ?4. When did the first-stage works of the project complete ?5. What are the main functions of the Three Gorges Project ?KeyExercises:KeyII. Decide the statements true or false:1. Only a 5-step ship lock can transport a 1,000 vessel . ( )2. The limited time for the Three Gorges Project is sevente

26、en years . ( )3. By 2006 water level will rise from 135 meters to 156 meters . ( )4. During the first phase of the project , the splendid views in the Three Gorges were all submerged except Zhangfei Temple . ( )5. The Three Gorges became calm and smooth when the second phase ended in 2003 . ( )KeyII

27、I. Multiple choices:1. The Three Gorges Project is one around the world . A. the greatest B. much bigger than C. biggest D. immense2. The Three Gorges Project will the water problems in northern China . A. relieve B. release C. relax D. decrease 3. During the first phase of the construction of the T

28、hree Gorges Project the views were well . A. keep B. preserved C. conserved D. hold Key4. The Three Gorges became quiet but not and dangerous when the water level rose to 135 meters in 2003 . A. express B. quick C. steep D. fastly 5. The Three Gorges Project will produce many like flood control , po

29、wer generating and better shipping conditions . A. profit B. interest C. behalf D. good thingsKey宏偉的三峽工程 三峽工程全稱為長江三峽水利樞紐工程，位于風景秀麗的長江三峽西陵峽中段宜昌市的三斗坪鎮(zhèn)，是當今世界上在建的最大的水利樞紐工程，距宜昌市中心城區(qū)和已建成的葛州壩水利樞紐工程386公里，沿長江水路至上游重慶的航運距離是664公里。整個工程包括一座混凝土重力式大壩、瀉洪閘、一座壩后式水電站、一座永久性通航船閘和一架升船機。大壩壩頂總長2，035米，壩高185米，正常蓄水位175米。水電站左岸裝機

30、14臺，右岸裝機12臺，總裝機26臺，單機容量為70萬千瓦，總裝機容量為1820萬千瓦，年均發(fā)電量847億千瓦時。Translation:左岸通航建筑物為雙線五級梯級船閘，可通過萬噸級船隊；單線一級垂直升船機可快速通過千噸級客輪，年單向通過能力5000萬噸。工程動態(tài)總投資2,039億元?？偣て?7年，1993年正式開工，2009年全部建成，分為三期：第一期為五年（1993-1997），主要是工程準備，已于1997年11月八日大江截流而宣告完成，沿岸三峽景觀未受影響。第二期為六年（1998-2003）主要工程是修建左岸大壩的電站設(shè)施及機組安裝，完成瀉洪閘和永久船閘。2003年6月，水位提升到13

31、5米，回水至長江萬州境內(nèi)，張飛廟被淹沒，長江三峽的急流險灘再也見不到了，水面平緩。第三期為六年（2003-2009），主要完成右岸大壩和電站的施工，并繼續(xù)完成全部機組安裝，2006年水位提高到156米，2012年，最終壩上水位海拔高度將達175米，水位實際提升110米，回水上溯到重慶，“高峽出平湖”的壯麗景觀真正形成。三峽工程規(guī)模巨大，影響深遠，是一個綜合利用的水利工程，有防洪、發(fā)電、航運等效益，還可增加長江中下游枯水期流量，有利于沿江城市的供水，還有利于南水北調(diào)，緩解北方地區(qū)缺水的矛盾，并有灌溉、水產(chǎn)、旅游、發(fā)展庫區(qū)經(jīng)濟等效益。 三峽工程的興建，對促進中國經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展都具有十分重要的意義。

32、功在當代，利在千秋 。back The First Dam Across the YangtzePassage 2-The Gezhouba Dam Gezhouba Project is the first project across the Yangtze River , also the first hydropower project completely researched , designed and built by Chinese ourselves . It is the experimental project for the Three Gorges Project

33、. The dam site is located 2.3 kilometers downstream from Nanjin Pass , the lower end of the Three Gorges and about 38 kilometers from the proposed Three Gorges Project in its upstream. After rushing out of Nanjin Pass , the Yangtze River suddenly becomes open and wide . Its width extends from 300 to

34、 2,200 meters . The river was separated into three currents by two islands , Gezhouba and Xiba . The hydropower project was named for being built here . On the north bank , the Gezhouba Dam reaches the Zhenjing Hill , while on the south bank , it touches the Shizibao . The total 2,606.5 meters long

35、and 70 high dam completely cuts the Yangtze River . Covering about 9 square kilometers , the project consists mainly of two power stations , three ship locks , a spillway, two silt-scouring sluices， silt-prevention dykes , and a water retaining concrete dam . The 27bay spillway discharges 110 thousa

36、nd cubic meters flood per second . All 21 generators with generation capacity about 2.715 million KW can generate 15.7 billion kWh electricity annually . The electricity is transported to Shanghai, Henan , Hunan , Wuhan and other big cities . There are three single-step locks, of which, two can allo

37、w the passage of 10,000-ton jumbo ships , the total annual single-way transportation capacity of the ship is over 50 million tons . The construction of the dam began on December 30 , 1970 , and ended on December 10 , 1998. The first-stage works started to reserve water in May 1981. It was completed

38、on December 20, 1998 . The total investment of the project cost 4.8 billion RMB. The whole project was designed by the Yangtze Valley Planning Office, and constructed by the Yangtze Gezhouba Construction Bureau . The reservoir in the upstream contains 1.58 billion cubic meters water in an area of 10

39、0 square kilometers . In the historical heaviest floods happened in 1981 and 1998 , the dam stayed as solid as a rock . Apart from economic benefit , the Gezhouba project is a boon to tourism . With its overall completion , a number of gardens appeared along this section of the river together with t

40、ree-shaded roads at the sites of the three channels . Chinese and foreign travelers visiting the Three Gorges will be tempted to include Gezhouba Project in their itinerary . They will find this man-made wonder a feast to the eye and the imagination , a monument to human ingenuity in taming Chinas l

41、ongest river . 1. 葛洲壩：在舉世聞名的長江葛洲壩水利樞紐工程興建之前，葛洲壩是宜昌市郊上游的一個江心小島，呈梭子形，自北至南順江，有肥沃土地約300畝。它原是一座古城的遺址。椐水經(jīng)注記載：“江水出峽，東南流，涇故城洲，洲附北岸，洲頭曰郭洲，長二里，廣一里。上有步闡故城，方圓稱洲，周回略滿?！币蚍窖灾小肮?、“葛”音相同，便被人們稱為“葛洲壩”。據(jù)考古學家在葛洲壩下發(fā)掘的文物看，葛洲壩已有2000年的歷史。 2. 葛洲壩水利樞紐：葛洲壩水利樞紐，是座反調(diào)節(jié)三峽水利樞紐尾水流態(tài)、改善兩壩區(qū)間江段航運條件的梯級水電站。三峽水利樞紐工程竣工后，葛洲壩水力發(fā)電廠的保證出力將提高43萬千

42、瓦。所以，三峽水利樞紐和葛洲壩水利樞紐是一對風雨同舟的孿生兄弟。Notes:New Words: experimental adj.實驗的, 根據(jù)實驗的 sluice n. 水閘, 泄水 vt.開閘放水, 流出, 沖洗 current n. 電流, 水流, 氣流 dyke n. (=dike) 溝, 渠,壩 ship lock 船閘 concrete n. 混凝土 spillway n. 溢洪道, 泄洪道 discharge vt. 卸下, 放出 silt n. 淤泥, 殘渣, 泥沙 jumbo a. 美 巨大的 scouring vi. 擦, 洗, 沖刷 bureau n. 美局, 辦公署I

43、.Answer the questions :1.By whom was the Gezhouba Project designed and constructed ?2. Why was the project named Gezhouba Dam ?3. Where has the electricity generated by the Gezhouba Project been carried to ?4. How many sets of turbo generators altogether are there in the two power stations ?Exercise

44、s: KeyKeyII. Decide the statements true or false :1. Building a dam across the main section of a river which is wide , deep and has an enormous flood is something unheard-of before . ( )2. The designing and construction of the dam and the installation of the equipment were all undertaken by Chinese

45、personnel . ( )3. Apart from economic benefit , the Gezhouba Project is a boon to tourism . ( )4. The Gezhouba Project has accumulated experience for the Three Gorges Project . ( )5. The Gezhouba Project has stood up the tests of the heaviest floods happened in 1981 and 1998 . ( )Key萬里長江第一壩 葛洲壩是長江上第

46、一座水利樞紐工程，它是由我國自行研究、設(shè)計、施工而建成的大型水電站，是三峽工程的實驗壩。 葛洲壩位于長江三峽出口-湖北宜昌市區(qū)，距西陵峽口南津關(guān)2.3公里，距上游的三峽大壩38公里。長江之水沖出南津關(guān)后，江面豁然開朗，由三百米驟然展寬至2,200多米，江水被江中的葛洲壩和西壩兩個小島分為三股，水利樞紐工程就因建在葛洲壩而得名。 Translation: 大壩北抵江北鎮(zhèn)鏡山，南接江南獅子包，橫臥長江，全長2606.5米，高70米，工區(qū)占地面積9平方公里，主要由兩座水力發(fā)電廠房、三座船閘、一座瀉洪閘、兩座沖沙閘，防淤堤及擋水墻組成。墻內(nèi)裝有27孔瀉洪閘，每秒可排泄11萬立方米特大洪水。發(fā)電裝機21

47、臺，總裝機容量271.5萬千瓦 ,年發(fā)電量 157億千瓦時，所發(fā)電力送往上海、河南、湖南、武漢等地。葛洲壩有三座單級船閘，其中兩座可通過萬噸級的輪船，通航建筑物年單向通過能力超過五千萬噸。 葛洲壩水利樞紐工程自1970年12月30日動工興建，1981年5月一期工程下閘蓄水，于1988年12月20日全面竣工，工程建設(shè)總投資48億元人民幣。整個工程由長江流域規(guī)劃辦公室設(shè)計，長江葛洲壩工程局施工。葛洲壩的總庫容量15.8億立方米，控制壩上流域100平方公里，經(jīng)受了1981年和1998年兩次百年不遇的特大洪水的考驗，大壩安然無恙。 葛洲壩水利樞紐工程不僅在經(jīng)濟上具有巨大的綜合效益，在三峽旅游線上，也是

48、極好的旅游勝地。工程全部建成后，沿江到處都是公園，三江、二江和大江的岸邊，是郁郁蔥蔥的林蔭大道。到三峽旅游的中外游客無不把游覽葛洲壩列入自己的旅游日程。他們將發(fā)現(xiàn)這個人造奇跡令人賞心悅目，真使人有三峽雖美而人定勝天之感。backThe Peak CrockPassage 3 There is a hill named the Peak Crock( in Chinese, it pronounces Tanziling ) in the work area of the Three Gorges Project . It looks like a pretty girl with the he

49、ad on the ridge of the hill and foot in the river , lying across the shore of the Three Gorges . It is a place that could not be found on a county-grade map several years ago. Being the highest point between the temporary ship lock and the permanent ship lock on the north bank , the hill was preserv

50、ed as the permanent sight-viewing platform when the construction started . It is said that in the ancient times when King Da Yu led people dredge the watercourse and fought against the flood , he was too involved to enter the door even when he passed his home three times . With the help of the magic

51、 ox , he excavated 200-kilometer watercourse . People sent him 24 pigs and a big crock of wine by boat for giving thanks to him . When the boat reached Sandouping , they saw the magic ox went away by clouds , just leaving its image on the mountain (just the place where is called Huangniuyan nowadays

52、) . Hastily , Da Yu went away to chase the ox , and left a big rock for memory . People were so moved by what happened that they keep the boat waiting in the river . Then , the boat turned into an island (just the island which is called Zhongbaodao Island ). Twenty-four pigs on the boat were thrown

53、into the river to turn into 24 reefs . And , that big crock of wine was put on the north bank by the river and turned into the Peak Crock . So , it is said nowadays when it is suny , the nice smell of the wine is spreading here and there with the mild wind to make people intoxicate . There is a gran

54、ite of about more than 20 tons shown on the Peak Crock. Commonly , we call it the “eternal riverbed rock”. Actually , it is over 800 million years old . It is the river eroded the shape in long term . From the rock , people could get to know the very past of the Yangtze . Standing in front of the ro

55、ck , well recall with deep emotion that time brings great changes to the world. Now, we can see some bores on the rock which were left by the geologists and the hydropower specialists who first came to explore the dam site .These bores gave voice to the dreams of generations of Chinese . The altitud

56、e of the Peak Crock is about 262.48 meters where it is the best place to have the full sight for the view of the entire 15.28 square kilometers construction site. The total area of Peak is about 100 thousand square meters, including the Sight-viewing Platform, the Great Basso-relievo, the Eternal Ri

57、verbed Rock, the Hall of the Project Model, The Great Steel-iron Book, etc. They comprehensively emerged the Three Gorges culture of a distant source and a long stream, expressed the distinct theme of human idea to change floods into water conservancy, and showing the determination of man, and to en

58、sure human merge nature. 壇子嶺景區(qū)是國家首批AAAA級景區(qū)，也是三峽壩區(qū)最早開發(fā)的景區(qū)，現(xiàn)已成為三峽工地的代名詞,于1997年正式開始接待中外游人。站在壇子嶺上可以鳥瞰整個三峽大壩雄姿，全景式展示壩區(qū)“高峽平湖”的秀美風光。壇子嶺景區(qū)是黨和國家領(lǐng)導人視察三峽工程的必經(jīng)之地，是中外游客游覽長江三峽參觀舉世矚目的三峽工程建設(shè)的最佳場所。Notes:壇子嶺 temporary a. 暫時的, 臨時的 riverbed n. 河床 dredge v. 挖掘, 疏浚 bore n. 孔 watercourse n. 水道, 河道 geologist n. 地質(zhì)學者 involv

59、e vt. 潛心于, 使陷于 specialists n. 專家 crock n. 壇子, 瓦罐碴 give voice to 表達 image n. 圖象, 肖像, 偶像 eroded vt. 侵蝕, 腐蝕, New Words: hastily adv. 急速地, 慌忙地 memory n. 回憶 basso-relievo n. (=bas-relief) 浮雕, 雕 emerge vi. 顯現(xiàn),顯現(xiàn)出來 distinct a. 清楚的, 明顯的 reef n. 暗礁, 收帆 granite n. 花崗巖 eternal a. 永恒(遠)的 intoxicate vt. 使陶醉, 醉人

60、theme n. 題目, 主題 determination n. 決心, 果斷 Exercises:I. Answer the questions:1. What does the Peak Crock look like ?2. Why was the Peak Crock be kept for the permanent sight-viewing platform ?3. What was left when the magic ox went away ?4. What can people get to know from the “eternal riverbed rock” ?