賓語從句講解

1、Translate the phrases.in the shape ofon the Mid-Autumn night traditional folk storiesshoot downlive foreverfly up to the mooncall out ones namelay out以以 . 形狀形狀在中秋之夜在中秋之夜傳統(tǒng)的民間故事傳統(tǒng)的民間故事?lián)袈鋼袈溟L(zhǎng)生不老；永生長(zhǎng)生不老；永生向上飛向月亮向上飛向月亮大聲叫喊某人的名字大聲叫喊某人的名字?jǐn)[開；布置擺開；布置Object clauses with that, if and whether一、賓語從句的概念一、賓語從句的概念

2、在句子中起在句子中起賓語賓語作用的從句叫做作用的從句叫做賓語從句賓語從句。 I like you(賓語）賓語） .His books are beautiful. (賓語）賓語） We know that Mr Green teaches English. She asked if he likes English.二、賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞二、賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞 引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）（連接詞）that/if/whether/who/which/whose/when/where/why/how語語 序序:陳述句語序陳述句語序Are you a pupil ? you are a pupil.Do y

3、ou like Lyf? you like Lyf.Does he go to school ? he goes to school.Does she have a book?-she has a book.Did MJ do homework? MJ did homework .Did he go to BJ？he went to BJ.Have you gone to BJ?-he has gone to BJ.Will they eat food?-they will eat food. I think that the Spring Festival is really fun. I

4、want to know who he is . I wonder which book he wanted to buy I wonder if you like the Spring Festival.I dont know whether you like dumplings.三：賓語從句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+think/believe/wonder/know+that/if/whether/which/where/when/who/what/how+從句(陳述句語序） 從句形式：一：當(dāng)從句為陳述句時(shí)候：由that 引導(dǎo)，從句保持陳述語序。主語+謂語動(dòng)詞 (think/believe/wonder

5、/know)+that +從句I know that he is a doctor.He thinks that my book is old.二：當(dāng)從句為一般疑問句時(shí)候，由if/whether 引導(dǎo)，從句保持陳述語序。 主語+謂語動(dòng)詞 (think/believe/wonder/know)+if/whether +從句Do you study for a test?1,首先變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序：you study for a test.2, 由if/whether 引導(dǎo)3. I want to know if you study for a test?Did you study for a test

6、 ?-you studied for a test.He asked if you you studied for a test?三：特殊疑問詞的賓語從句 主語+think/wonder等+what/where/when/who/which/how+陳述句語序What do you have ?-what you haveWhat did you have?-what you had What does he have ?-what he hasWhere did you go ?-where you wentWhere did you play?-where you playedWhich

7、book do you buy ?-which book you boughtWhich book does he buy?-which book he buys.I wonder what you have?I wonder which book you bought?選出哪個(gè)是賓語從句選出哪個(gè)是賓語從句1. These planet will produce food and oxygen that we need to live on Mars.2. Scientists will develop plants that can grow on Mars.3. People think

8、that humans on Mars have to wear special boots to make themselves heavier.4. We all know that Mars is a planet in the solar system.5. The journey to Mars could take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light.6. Some scientists do not believe that the journey to M

9、ars will be very comfortable.1. I hear (that) _. 2. He said (that) _. 3. The teacher told us (that) _ _. he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves由由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句注：注：that 在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不充在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略。當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略。around the sunObject clauses with that. if和

10、和whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，要注意賓語引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，要注意賓語從句三要素，即連詞、語序和時(shí)態(tài)。由于從句三要素，即連詞、語序和時(shí)態(tài)。由于if和和whether連接的是一般疑問句，因此要注意把連接的是一般疑問句，因此要注意把從句語序改為陳述句語序。如：從句語序改為陳述句語序。如： Does Mr Zhao live in Room 208? Could you tell me? Could you tell me if / whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208? Do you have much money?What does the baby cat ask?

11、He asks if his father has much money.Am I cool?What does the baby ask?He asks if / whether he is cool.Do you love me?What did the girl ask the young man?She asked if / whether the young man loved her.Can I fly?What does the baby wonder?He wonders if / whether he can fly.Will you take me to the sky?W

12、hat does the girl ask the Spiderman?She asks if / whether the Spiderman will take her to the sky.賓語從句賓語從句屬于名詞性從句。在句子中起屬于名詞性從句。在句子中起名詞作用名詞作用，相當(dāng)于一，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞詞組，在全句中充當(dāng)主句的賓語個(gè)名詞詞組，在全句中充當(dāng)主句的賓語連接詞連接詞原句句式原句句式解析解析例句例句that 原 句 是陳述句that只有語法作用，沒有實(shí)在的意義，在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。He said (that) he was from JapanShe doesnt know

13、(that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) his dream will come true.if/whether 原 句 是一 般 疑問句if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。在口語中常用 if。注：與or not 連用時(shí)須用whether，不能用if。I dont know whether/if he has finished his workI cant say whether or not he can come on time1. I wonder _ youll have a birthday party this year.2

14、. Do you know _the Chinese Spring Festival usually falls in January or February?3. He is thinking about _ hell go home now.4. I dont know _ my mother will take a day off or not. 5. We believed _ our dream would come true one day.Fill in the blanks with that, if or whetherif/whetherthatwhetherwhether

15、that1.介詞后用whether。2.whether 與or not連用連詞連詞that不能省略的幾種情況不能省略的幾種情況 在由在由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，由于連詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，由于連詞that只起引導(dǎo)功能，無具體意義，不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何成份，只起引導(dǎo)功能，無具體意義，不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何成份，因此在口語或非正式的文體中?？墒÷?。然而，因此在口語或非正式的文體中?？墒÷浴Ｈ欢?，大凡規(guī)則總有例外的情況，在下列大凡規(guī)則總有例外的情況，在下列that引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，賓語從句中，that則則不能不能省略。省略。1. 從句的主語是從句的主語是that。如：。如： He says that that is

16、 a real kings hat. 他說那是一個(gè)真的王冠。他說那是一個(gè)真的王冠。2. that從句中含有主從復(fù)合句。如：從句中含有主從復(fù)合句。如： Im afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it.3. 主、從句之間有插入語時(shí)。如：主、從句之間有插入語時(shí)。如： It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays. 卡片上寫著，它是古代演戲用的?？ㄆ蠈懼?，它是古代演戲用的。4. 若出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩上以上的由若出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩上以上的由that引導(dǎo)的賓引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，且由并列連詞連接時(shí)，只有

17、第一個(gè)語從句，且由并列連詞連接時(shí)，只有第一個(gè)連詞連詞that可以省略。如：可以省略。如： She said (that) she would come and that she would also bring her son. 她說她要來，還要帶她的兒子來。她說她要來，還要帶她的兒子來。. if和和whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，作引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，作“是否是否”講，一般情況下，二者沒有區(qū)別，可以換用。講，一般情況下，二者沒有區(qū)別，可以換用。但但if常用于口語中，常用于口語中，whether比較正式。如：比較正式。如： Millie asked if / whether he liked thi

18、s sweater. 米莉問他是否喜歡這件毛衣。米莉問他是否喜歡這件毛衣。 The fisherman wants to know if / whether it will rain. 漁民想知道天是否會(huì)下雨。漁民想知道天是否會(huì)下雨。Object clauses with if and whether由由if / whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句. if和和whether的區(qū)別的區(qū)別二者在下列幾種情況下不能換用：二者在下列幾種情況下不能換用：1. 賓語從句置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，應(yīng)用賓語從句置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，應(yīng)用whether，不用，不用if。如：。如： Whether this is

19、 true or not, Im not sure. 這是否是真的，我不確定。這是否是真的，我不確定。2. 賓語從句與賓語從句與or not直接連用時(shí)，應(yīng)用直接連用時(shí)，應(yīng)用whether，不能用，不能用if。如：。如： I dont know whether or not he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否來。我不知道他明天是否來。3. 與動(dòng)詞不定式連用時(shí)，只能用與動(dòng)詞不定式連用時(shí)，只能用whether。如：。如： She cant decide whether to go to America. 她不能決定是否去美國(guó)。她不能決定是否去美國(guó)。4. 從句作介詞賓語時(shí)

20、，只能用從句作介詞賓語時(shí)，只能用whether。如：。如： I worry about whether I hurt her feeling. 我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。5. 賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是否定形式時(shí)，只能用賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是否定形式時(shí)，只能用if，不能用，不能用whether。如：。如： Tom wants to know if she wont come here tomorrow. 湯姆想知道她明天是否不來這兒。湯姆想知道她明天是否不來這兒。6. if意為意為“假如，如果假如，如果”時(shí)，可以引導(dǎo)條件狀時(shí)，可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，而語從句，而whether沒有這

21、個(gè)用法。如：沒有這個(gè)用法。如： If Simon comes here tomorrow, Ill call you. 假如西蒙明天來這兒，我將打電話告訴你。假如西蒙明天來這兒，我將打電話告訴你。1. 若主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用任何所需若主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用任何所需時(shí)態(tài)。如：時(shí)態(tài)。如： He wants to know if / whether they had a good journey home. 他想知道他們回家旅途是否愉快。他想知道他們回家旅途是否愉快。1. I wonder _ youll have a birthday party this year.2. Do you kn

22、ow _the Chinese Spring Festival usually falls in January or February?3. He is thinking about _ hell go home now.4. I dont know _ my mother will take a day off or not. 5. We believed _ our dream would come true one day.Fill in the blanks with that, if or whetherif/whetherthatwhetherwhetherthat1.介詞后用w

23、hether。2.whether 與or not連用 She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她說她從周一至周五上班。（從句是她說她從周一至周五上班。（從句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)） She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. 她說她要在他桌子上留個(gè)便條。她說她要在他桌子上留個(gè)便條。（從句是一般將來時(shí)）（從句是一般將來時(shí)） She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她說她從來沒有去過峨嵋山。她說她從來沒有去過峨嵋山。

24、（從句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）（從句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)） 2. 若主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句則用跟過去相若主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句則用跟過去相關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^去時(shí)、關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)為過去將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)。過去將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)。 Did the train leave? She didnt know. She didnt know if / whether the train had left. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完

25、成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí) He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他說昨天下午沒有課。他說昨天下午沒有課。(從句是從句是一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)) He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby. 他說他會(huì)去照看這個(gè)嬰兒他說他會(huì)去照看這個(gè)嬰兒。 (從從句是過去將來時(shí)句是過去將來時(shí)) He said (that) they were having a meeting at that

26、time. 他說他們那時(shí)正在開會(huì)。他說他們那時(shí)正在開會(huì)。 (從從句是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)句是過去進(jìn)行時(shí))1. 從句表達(dá)的是客觀真理，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)從句表達(dá)的是客觀真理，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2. 從句中有明確表示過去時(shí)間的詞，則從句從句中有明確表示過去時(shí)間的詞，則從句依然是一般過去時(shí)依然是一般過去時(shí)The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.He wondered if you studied in the USA in 1990.主句時(shí)態(tài)主句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、祈使句時(shí)將來時(shí)、祈使句時(shí) 根據(jù)句意的需要用任

27、意一根據(jù)句意的需要用任意一種時(shí)態(tài)種時(shí)態(tài) 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí) 與原句相對(duì)應(yīng)的過去的時(shí)與原句相對(duì)應(yīng)的過去的時(shí)態(tài)態(tài) 客觀事實(shí)、真理、客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、諺語等句、諺語等 一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 學(xué)習(xí)賓從三注意，時(shí)態(tài)語序和連詞。學(xué)習(xí)賓從三注意，時(shí)態(tài)語序和連詞。 時(shí)態(tài)主從要呼應(yīng)：時(shí)態(tài)主從要呼應(yīng)： 主句若為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)隨句意；主句若為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)隨句意； 主句若為過去時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)變過去；主句若為過去時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)變過去； 賓從若是表真理，時(shí)態(tài)不變無質(zhì)疑。賓從若是表真理，時(shí)態(tài)不變無質(zhì)疑。 語序要用陳述序，切莫照搬疑問句。語序要用陳述序，切莫照搬疑問句。 Th

28、at 連接陳述句，省與不省要注意。連接陳述句，省與不省要注意。 從句若表從句若表“是否是否”時(shí)，時(shí)，if / whether要慎記。要慎記。 特殊問句作賓語，仍用原來疑問詞。特殊問句作賓語，仍用原來疑問詞。 三個(gè)問題需牢記，切莫丟東忘了西。三個(gè)問題需牢記，切莫丟東忘了西。Write sentences using the words given.1. think / Lantern Festival / beautiful2. dont know / whether / he / come home/ for the festivalI think that the Lantern Festi

29、val is beautiful.I dont know whether he will come home for the festival.4a4a4. wonder / if / mooncakes / deliciousI wonder if the mooncakes are delicious.3. believe / Water Festival / most / funI believe that the Water Festival is the most fun.1. I dont know if Mr. Wang _ on a field trip. If he _ on

30、 a field trip tomorrow, please call me. A. goes; will go B. will go; goes C. will go; will go D. goes; goes 2. She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen is it BBChoose the right answers.3. They wondered if the teacher _ us English the next term

31、. A. would teach B. had taught C. will teach D. taught4. The boy asked _ any noise from outside. A. whether had I heard B. whether I had heard C. whether have I heard D. whether I have heardAB5. I havent decide _ Ill go out or stay at home. A. if B. when C. why D. whether6. I want to know _ he loves

32、 you. A. that B. what C. if D. whoDC7. I wondered _ our teacher was going to attend our party. A. whether B. what C. where D. that8. Id like to know _ or not. A. whether will he come B. whether has he come C. whether he will come D. if he will comeAC根據(jù)漢語句子的意思完成下列英語句子。根據(jù)漢語句子的意思完成下列英語句子。1. 我認(rèn)為瑪麗不來了。我認(rèn)

33、為瑪麗不來了。 I dont think Mary _ _.2. 山姆給我說他準(zhǔn)備去上海。山姆給我說他準(zhǔn)備去上海。 Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上還有沒有去北京的火車。我想知道今天晚上還有沒有去北京的火車。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing tonight.willcome was leaving if / whether 改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句 1. Will the train arrive on time? I want to know. I wa

34、nt to know _ the train _ on time.2. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.will arriveif / whether came if / whether 1. 我們不知道我們能否在火星上種植植物。我們不知道我們能否在火星上種植植物。 We are wondering _ _ on Mars.2. 你能告訴我是不是有許多人打算搬到火星你能告訴我是不是有許多人打算搬到火星上去嗎？上去嗎？ Could

35、you tell me _ to Mars?whether / if we canif / whether many peopleare going to movegrow plantsComplete the sentences.3. 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。 I dont know _ any washing at home. 4. 我擔(dān)心是否傷害了她的感情。我擔(dān)心是否傷害了她的感情。 I am worried about _. whether or not he doeswhether I hurt herfeelings1. Uncle Wang came

36、up to see _ there was anything wrong with the machine.2. The shop keeper asked my father _ or not he wanted to choose a big Christmas tree.if / whetherwhether3. I dont know _ to go or stay.4. _ that is true, what should we do?whetherIf5. _ they will ever become future Olympic champions only time wil

37、l tell. WhetherComplete the sentences with if / whether.Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away. A. what B. whose C. which D. that 【答案答案】D 【解析解析】考查名詞性從句。動(dòng)詞考查名詞性從句。動(dòng)詞know之后為賓語從句，從句中不缺少成分，之后為賓語從句，從句中不缺少成分，故用故用that表陳述一件實(shí)事。表陳述一件實(shí)事。( ) Do you know _ tomorrow? Sorry, I dont know

38、. You may surf the Internet. A. whether will it rain B. if it will rain C. whether does it rainB典型例題典型例題( ) I wonder _. Im afraid well be late. A. how we can be on time B. what we are going to do C. why we get to school late D. if we will arrive at the meeting on timeD( ) Over these years I have had

39、 a new understanding of _ people traditionally call a perfect person. A. how B. what C. who D. whomA( ) Can you tell me _ in the future? A. how life will be like B. how will life be like C. what life will be like D. what will life be likeC( ) Do you know _? At the end of July. A. how soon is your si

40、ster running back home B. how often Nancy from her pen friend C. when the London Olympic Games will be held D. when will the new computer game come outC( ) -Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China? -Yes, I am still wondering _. A. how is Chinese paper cut made B. how was the Great

41、 Wall built in ancient times C. why the Chinese people like to play the dragon dance D. why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at Dragon Boat FestivalC( ) I wonder _. A. if Dr Ma still works on the ORBIS plane B. how much does the tallest man in the world weigh C. when Audrey Hepburn had enter

42、ed the film industry D. that Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moonA( ) Mum, can we go to the art museum tomorrow? Sure. But first we should find out _. A. what can we do B. where we can go C. how can we go there D. if it will be openD( ) We dont know _ the meeting will be held soon. A. whe

43、n B. what C. whether D. since C( ) Do you know _ Guangzhou tomorrow?A. whether they leave for B. whether will they leave for C. whether they are leaving for C( ) Ive decided to go to London next weekend. I was wondering _ you could go with me. A. if B. when C. that D. whereA( ) Do you think _ Xiao M

44、ing can pass the high school entrance exam or not? Sorry, Ive no idea. A. that B. which C. if D. whetherD ( ) He said that light _ much faster than sound. A. has travelled B. went C. travels D. travelledC( ) They wonder _ robots will make humans lose their jobs or not. A. that B. if C. whether( ) Ou

45、r physics teacher told us light _ faster than sound. A. travels B. traveled C. traveling D. to travelCA( ) (2016湖南衡陽湖南衡陽) My neighbor asked me _ I heard the big noise last night or not. A. whether B. if C. whatA中考鏈接中考鏈接( ) (2016江蘇南京江蘇南京) -Are you going camping this after? -A typhoon is coming. Im not sure _ the road to the moun