步步高人教新課標高二英語必修 5 Unit 3 Life in the future導學案

1、高中英語必修 5 Unit 3 Life in the future編稿老師關志國一校楊雪二校黃楠審核李文英重點單詞 1. 學習單詞，注意重點單詞的用法并靈活運用這些單詞。2. 牢記核心單詞的介詞搭配及其重要用法。重點：lack, tolerate, instant, switch, require 難點：lack作名詞與動詞的用法以及require后跟虛擬語氣的用法。【單詞學習】1. lack vi.& vt.缺乏；沒有n. 缺乏；短缺的東西lackn.缺乏，缺少lack forn.(多用于否定句中)（不）乏，（不）缺少 for/through lack of n. 因缺乏a lack of

2、 n. 缺乏no lack of 不缺乏，不缺少Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to a university.盡管缺錢,他的父母設法送他上大學。The children lack for nothing although the parents are poorly dressed.雖然父母親衣著樸素,但孩子們什么都不缺。Living in the desert involves a lot of problems, of which the lack of water/lacking water is the wo

3、rst.居住在沙漠里牽涉很多問題,其中缺水是最嚴重的問題。lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的be lacking in 缺少She felt nervous, increasingly lacking in confidence about herself.她感到緊張，對自己越來越沒有信心。Shes not usually lacking in confidence. 她平時并不缺乏自信心。Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a _ of exercise.A. limitB. lackC. n

4、eed D. demand答案：B思路分析：句意：健康問題與不良的飲食習慣和缺少鍛煉密切相關。a lack of缺乏。2. tolerate vt.容忍；忍受 tolerate sb./ sth.容忍某人、某事tolerate (sb.) doing sth. 容忍/忍受(某人)做某事At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.開始的時候,新的環(huán)境讓我難以忍受。Those who know how to tolerate others can naturally lead a happy life.那些懂得容忍他人的人自然可以

5、生活得幸福。I cant tolerate (you) speaking to your mother in such a rude manner.我不容許你用這種無禮的方式跟你母親說話。I cant tolerate being laughing at in front of so many people.我無法忍受當著這么多人的面被嘲笑。常見的表示“容忍，忍受”的其他結構：stand (sb.) doing sth. 忍受/容忍(某人)做某事bear sb. doing / to do sth. 忍受/容忍某人做某事put up with sb. / sth. 忍受；容忍I cant st

6、and people interrupting me all the time.我不能容忍老有人打岔。I couldnt bear not seeing him again.我不能忍受再也見不到他。He cant bear people smoking while he is eating.他受不了有人在他吃東西的時候吸煙。She always puts up with his violent temper.她總是忍受著他暴躁的脾氣。Some old people dont like pop music because they cant _ so much noise.A. concern

7、B. tolerateC. undertake D. ignore答案：B思路分析：考查動詞辨析。句意:有些老人不喜歡流行音樂,因為他們難以忍受流行音樂的噪音。用tolerate表示“忍受”。concern“關注，關心，擔憂”；undertake“承擔，從事，保證，答應”；ignore“忽視，不理睬”。3. instant n. 瞬間；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的for an instant 一瞬間in an instant(immediately)立刻at that instant 在那一瞬間in instant need of help 急需援助instant food 方便食品，即時食品i

8、nstant coffee 速溶咖啡He will come back in an instant.他很快就回來。He couldnt answer the question for an instant.他一時答不上來。In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water.他馬上脫掉衣服跳進了水里。We cant promise instant solutions, but we can promise to listen.我們不能保證立刻給予解決,但保證能認真聽取意見。the instant 相當于as soon as，

9、可以用來引導時間狀語從句，表示“一就”。常用于表示“一就”的結構：as soon as一就on / uponn. / doing一就the instant / the moment/ the second名詞用作連詞，引導時間狀語從句，表示“一就”immediately / directly / instantly副詞用作連詞，引導時間狀語從句，表示“一就”She let out a cry as soon as she saw the snake.她一見到蛇，就發(fā)出叫喊聲。On his graduation, he began to work for a big firm in New Yo

10、rk.他一畢業(yè)就開始在紐約的一家大公司上班了。On seeing the snake, she let out a cry.一見到蛇，她就發(fā)出了叫喊聲。I recognized her the instant (that) I saw her.我一眼就認出她了。Instantly / The instant (that) / Immediately / The moment I saw him I knew he was the man the police were looking for. 我一看見他就認出他正是警方在尋找的那個人。Did you recognize your former

11、 classmate whom you hadnt seen for many years at the party yesterday?Yes, I recognized him _ I saw him.A. frequently B. constantlyC. quickly D. instantly答案：D思路分析：frequently頻繁地;constantly不斷地;quickly很快地;instantly立即,馬上。A、B、C選項均為副詞。而D選項除了有副詞詞性外,還有連詞詞性,可引導句子,意為“一就”,根據(jù)句意可知應選D。4. switch vt.轉換 n. 開關；轉換switc

12、h off切斷;關掉switch on 接上;打開 switch(over) to. 變換到 switch from.to.由轉變?yōu)門he moment he got home, he switched on the TV to watch the football match.一回到家,他就打開電視看足球賽。I was so careless that I forgot to switch off the computer when leaving the office.我太馬虎了,以至于離開辦公室時竟然忘了關電腦。According to the airline rules, we sug

13、gest you (should)switch off your mobile phone before boarding.根據(jù)航空規(guī)則,我們建議你登機前關掉手機。Wed take the train into the city center, then a bus, switching to the train, then maybe a taxi.我們會坐火車去市中心,然后轉乘公交,換乘纜車,接著可能會坐出租車。Hearing footsteps outside the door, she _ her talk to another topic.A. switched B. exchang

14、edC. asked D. stopped答案：A思路分析：本題考查動詞詞義辨析，switch.to. “把轉換成”。句意為“一聽到門外的腳步聲，她立刻把談話轉向了另外一個話題”。exchange “交換”，不合題意。5. require vt.需要；要求；命令；想要；務必require sth. of sb. 要求某人的某物require sb. to do sth.要求/命令某人做某事be required to do sth.被要求做某事require that從句 要求 從句中謂語須用should+動詞原形的虛擬語氣，其中should可以省略。require doingrequire

15、to be done意為“需要被做”The new task requires hard efforts of us.這項新任務需要我們付出艱辛的努力。The course aims to develop communication skills required of journalists.這門課程旨在培養(yǎng)記者需要具備的溝通能力。They required me to keep silent.他們要求我保持沉默。Being public figures, leaders are required to appear strong and capable.作為公眾人物，領導者要表現(xiàn)得堅強且有

16、能力。Our teacher required that we should pay attention to our handwriting.老師要求我們注意書寫。Our classroom requires cleaning / to be cleaned.我們的教室需要打掃。require that./ Its required that.，“要求/命令”，從句用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞用should動詞原形，should可省略。require的名詞形式requirement的表語從句和同位語從句中用虛擬語氣should動詞原形，should可以省略。We required that he g

17、et there before nine.我們要求他九點之前到那兒。It is required that all of us (should) do our best to protect the environment.這就要求我們所有人都盡心竭力去保護環(huán)境。Your requirement that she wait till next week is reasonable.你要求她等到下周是有道理的.It is required that the students _ mobile phones in their school, so seldom _ them using one.A

18、. should not use; you will seeB. not use; will you seeC. mustnt use; will you seeD. not use; you will see答案：B思路分析：考查虛擬語氣和倒裝語序。英語中表示命令、建議或要求的動詞或名詞后面的從句中通常使用should do形式的虛擬語氣，should可以省略。seldom是否定副詞，位于句首時，句子要采用部分倒裝語序。1. More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities _ space.A. in search

19、 of B. in place ofC. for lack of D. for fear of2. Much to my surprise, she _ tears _ she read the letter.A. burst out; instant B. burst into; the instantC. burst out; instantly D. burst into; instant3. The teacher cant cheating in exams.A. lack B. tolerateC. switch D. require4. Just a minute, Miss W

20、hite, our glasses have been _.Oh, sorry, they look like the same, and I am so careless.A. switched B. stolenC. broken D. robbed5. The desk I bought yesterday requires .A. repair B. be repairedC. being repaired D. to be repaired答案：CBBAD思路分析：1. 考查介詞短語辨析。句意：因缺少空間,在大城市里,越來越多的高樓拔地而起。A項意為“搜尋”;B項意為“代替”;C項意

21、為“因缺乏”;D項意為“以防”。2. 本題考查動詞短語和連詞用法。burst into后接名詞；burst out后接v.ing形式；the instant / instantly用作連詞，表示“一就”。3. 考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：老師不能容忍考試作弊。lack“缺少，缺乏”；tolerate“容忍，忍受”；switch“轉換，開關”；require“需要，要求”。4. 由答語可以看出，說話者要表達的意思為“我們的玻璃杯被對調了”。所以選switch，意思是“交換，互換”。5.本題考查require的用法。require表示“需要”之意時，后可跟動名詞的主動形式表示被動含義，而該結構也可以換

22、作不定式的被動式，即require doing= require to be done.故本題中應該選擇to be repaired。句意為：我昨天買的那張桌子需要修理一下。（答題時間：15分鐘）一、單詞拼寫1. To our pity, the project had to be abandoned for (缺乏) of funds.2. Training is provided, so no (先前的) experience is required for the job.3. How can you (容忍) all that noise while youre working?4.

23、The man is looking at the railway (時刻表) to find the time of the train.5. There is a(n) (開關) on the wall for turning on the lights.6. (循環(huán)利用) the textbooks instead of throwing them away is a good idea.7. The volunteer in London Olympics (指引) them back to the seats.8. Keeping an (樂觀的) state of mind is

24、good for health.二、七選五補缺題Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways. 1 Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your i

25、nterest.You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. 2 Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. 3 The following methods may work best for you. Read the text quickly to find the m

26、ain facts and ideas in it. Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.Write your notes in your own words. 4 Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速記). When you

27、do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. 5 A. Use words, not complete sentences.B. There are three practical note-taking methods.C. You must write your notes on separate paper.D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.E. You will also want to

28、develop your own method for taking notes.F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.G. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.三、短文改錯Two years before, I traveled to Brazil and I rented for a car.

29、 Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car, and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week. I called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened. I knew that they will be worried about myself because I was so farther away, and that my mother would not sleep if she knew. T

30、herefore, I told them interested stories and how I was enjoying Brazil. As a result, nobody knew truth. I still think that it was the right thing to do. 一、單詞拼寫1. lack 2. previous 3. tolerate 4. timetable 5. switch 6. Recycling 7. guided 8. optimistic 二、七選五閱讀題本文是說明文。說明的中心是如何做好筆記。文章分三個層次進行說明：第一段就做好筆記的

31、意義和目的進行說明；第二段和第三段說明做好筆記的方法；第四段說明速記要注意的事項。整篇文章說明層次清晰。1. G 解析:根據(jù)本段下文出現(xiàn)的順序詞second，third可知此處應該是說明第一種方法，應該出現(xiàn)first，故選G。2. E 解析:根據(jù)上句“你想在課堂討論以及看教材或者做調查報告期間記筆記”，可知本句是“你也想掌握你自己做筆記的方法，故選E。3. F 解析：根據(jù)上句“無論何時不管怎樣做筆記，記住做筆記是一種選擇的過程”，所以本句“那意味著你必須首先決定什么是足夠重要的、可以記在筆記上”，故選F。4. A 解析：本部分是作者給出建議，前三句都是采用祈使句的形式提出建議，可知此處也應該是

32、祈使句結構，故選A。5. D 解析：本段是在提醒速記要注意的事項?！白鏊儆洉r，一定要確信自己能夠理解你所做的符號，而且是你一直使用的符號”，所以本句應該是說明不這么做的后果，“否者，將來你會不認識你做的筆記”，故選D。三、短文改錯文章講述了兩年前作者去巴西時候的經歷。租了一輛小汽車然后因車禍住院，但他并沒有告訴父母事故的情況，反而給父母講述了一些有趣的事情。該題重點考查基礎知識的應用，注意名詞單復數(shù)，動詞人稱，形容詞和副詞的變化，時態(tài)、語態(tài)等基礎知識。1. before改為ago 解析：two years before側重指從兩年前到現(xiàn)在，須用完成時態(tài)，而此處表示過去時間，故而應該用two y

33、ears ago。2.rent后for刪去 解析：rent為及物動詞，后面直接跟物做賓語。 rent sth. 租某物3. Unfortunate改為Unfortunately 解析：用副詞來對整個句子進行修飾或說明，因此，第二句開頭處的Unfortunate應改為副詞Unfortunately.4. week改為weeks 解析：week是可數(shù)名詞，可數(shù)名詞被two修飾，要用復數(shù)。5. so改為but 解析：根據(jù)句意：我打了電話給父母，但并沒有告訴他們發(fā)生車禍的事情。因此，把連詞so改成but。6. will改為would 解析：賓語從句的時態(tài)應該和主句保持一致。主句用一般過去時，賓語從句也

34、應該用一般過去時，把will該為would。7. myself改為me 解析：此處about的賓語與句子主語并非同一人，故而不能用反身代詞，而用人稱代詞賓格。8. farther改為far 解析：so用于修飾形容詞副詞的原級，而且此處不存在比較。9. interested改為interesting 解析：此處表示有趣的故事，應該用interesting，而interested則表示“感到有趣的”。10. truth前加the 解析：這里是特指，要用the truth。重點短語1. 學習短語的基本含義和用法。2. 靈活運用所學的短語，學會用短語造句。重點：短語make an impression

35、 on, take up, lose sight of以及speed up的用法。難點：take有關短語的用法及其辨析?！径陶Z學習】1. make an impression on 給留下印象impression n. 印象；感想；印記get a good / bad impression of sb. / sth. 對某人/某物的印象好/不好leave / make / have / give a.impression on sb. 給某人留下的印象get / have an impression of 對有印象；覺得be under the impression that. 誤認為；原以為

36、What were your first impressions of college?你對大學的第一印象是什么？My visit to India in 1986 left an indelible impression on me.1986年的印度之行給我留下了難忘的印象。She gives the impression of being very busy.她給人的印象是特別忙。impress vt. 使感動，使留下印象impress sth. on / upon sb. 使某人銘記某事物impress sb. with sth. 給某人留下的印象be impressed by / at

37、 / with 對印象深刻impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的 The speaker tried hard to impress the audience but left them cold.講演者試圖感動聽眾,但他沒有打動聽眾的心。I had always impressed upon the children that if they worked hard they would succeed in life.我總是讓孩子們牢記努力工作就會成功。Ive impressed upon them the need for more professionalism.我已使他們深刻

38、認識到提高專業(yè)素養(yǎng)的必要性。I impressed on him what a huge honour he was being offered.我讓他銘記他當時被授予了多么大的榮譽。Perhaps I was trying to impress him with my wisdom. 或許我是想使他對我的智慧加深印象。I was deeply impressed by his performance.他的表演給我留下了極深的印象。/我對他的表演印象極深。I will never forget such an impressive scene.我將永遠銘記那令人印象深刻的一幕。As a can

39、didate, you must make a good _ on everyone you meet if you want to win the election. A. decision B. situationC. impression D. position答案：C思路分析：考查名詞辨析。句意：作為一名候選人，如果你想贏得競選的話，就必須給你見到的每個人留下一個好印象。impression“印象”，符合題意。decision “決定”；situation“情形，情景”；position“位置”。2. take up占有(時間/空間)；繼續(xù)；開始；接受；拿起take up為及物動詞短語

40、，且是一詞多義，要注意在不同的語境當中體會其用法。I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.我仍然不能相信我去年獲得的這個獎勵。After he retired from office, Rogers took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.退休后,羅杰斯學了一段時間畫畫,但很快便失去了興趣。We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up.我們想

41、要找到一個七人餐桌,但它們都被占用了。We encourage each student to take up a new sport or to try a new form of exercise.我們鼓勵每一位學生參加一項新的體育運動或者嘗試一種新的鍛煉方式。Only students skillful at swimming can take up this activity.只有能熟練游泳的學生能夠從事這項活動。The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week.老師接著上星期停下來的地方把課講下去。take back

42、收回(說錯的話)take in 接受,吸收;包括;領會,理解;欺騙take on 承擔;呈現(xiàn);開始雇用take over 接收;接任(職位)In the past few years, our school has taken on a new look.在過去的幾年,我們學校呈現(xiàn)出了新面貌。He knew the files could be of great help to whoever took over the job.他知道不管誰接管這項工作,這些檔案都是非常有幫助的。Im sorry. I take back what I said just now.對不起，我收回剛才說過的話。

43、He is always ready to take on heavy responsibilities.他一向樂于挑重擔。After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane _ her job as a doctor in the countryside.A. set out B. took over C. took up D. set up答案：C思路分析：考查動詞短語辨析。set out “出發(fā)，動身，著手”；set up “建立”；take over“接任，接管”； took up “拿起，開始從事”。句意為，在一所醫(yī)學院學

44、習五年之后，Jane開始在鄉(xiāng)下從事醫(yī)生職業(yè)。故選C。3. lose sight of.看不見；忽略；忘記lose sight of 是動詞短語，與其相對應的短語為catch sight of,意為“看見，看到”However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.然而,當我們到達一個看上去像是大市場的地方時,由于太多的客車朝四面八方飛奔,我看不見王平了。His gran

45、dfather, a banker, lost all in the 1930s,but did not lose sight of what he valued most.他的祖父是個銀行家,在20世紀30年代失去了一切,但并未忘記他最看重的東西。Only a shortsighted man will lose sight of the importance of education.只有鼠目寸光的人才會看不見教育的重要性。I looked out of the window and caught sight of train passing by very quickly.我從窗戶向外看

46、去,看見了一列急馳而過的火車。catch sight of. 望見,看到come into sight 出現(xiàn)在眼前,進入視野at the sight of. 在看到時in / within sight 在視線內,可以被看見out of sight 看不見了,不被人看見The mountain town came into sight as we turned the last corner.我們拐過最后一個彎，山城就映入了我們的眼簾。The children thrilled with joy at the sight of / catching sight of the Christmas

47、tree.孩子們一看到圣誕樹簡直欣喜若狂。The wind parted the smoke just enough for him to catch sight of Sibson.風將煙霧吹得足夠分散，以致他能夠看到西布森。We stood at the window until their car came into sight.我們站在窗前，直到看見他們的車子。She let out a cry at the sight of the snake.她一見到蛇，就發(fā)出叫喊聲。The sandy beach was in sight.沙灘映入眼簾。The escaped prisoner

48、was out of sight.越獄的囚犯已經無影無蹤了。The couple watched the Kongming light go higher and higher until they lost _ of it.A. view B. sceneC. vision D. sight答案：D思路分析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那對夫婦看著孔明燈越飛越高,直到看不見了。lose sight of意思是“看不見”，其他選項均不構成固定搭配。4. speed up（使）加速； 開快車； 加緊； 增速speed up有及物和不及物兩種用法，需要特別注意相對應的用法。You notice tha

49、t your breathing has speeded up a bit.你注意到自己的呼吸加快了一些。Plenty of fresh air and exercise will speed up his recovery.充足的新鮮空氣和體育鍛煉將加速他的康復。I had already taken steps to speed up a solution to the problem.我已經采取措施加快解決該問題的進度。at high / low / full / top speed以高/低/全/最高速at a speed of. 以速度with all speed盡快地reduce s

50、peed減速pick up speed 加速Now，all our high speed rails started to run at a little lower speed after the Wenzhou accident.在溫州事故以后，現(xiàn)在我國所有高鐵運行速度開始稍微降低了一些。Once outside the station，the train began to pick up speed.一出車站，火車就開始加速。He ran with all speed.他飛快地跑。He drove at a speed of sixty miles per hour.他以每小時60英里的

51、速度開車。The police are advising motorists to reduce speed because of the fog.由于有霧,警察告誡駕車者減慢速度。Even in the wake of the global financial crisis, Ford is manufacturing at full speed.即使是在全球金融危機爆發(fā)后,福特依然在全速生產。They are broadening the bridge to _ the flow of traffic.A. put off B. speed upC. turn on D. work out

52、答案：B思路分析：考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：他們正在加寬橋面,用以加快車流速度。put off推遲,暫緩;speed up加快速度;turn on打開,呈現(xiàn);work out解決,鍛煉,設計出。1. After he retired from office，Royers _ painting for a while，but soon lost interest.A. took upB. saved upC. kept upD. drew up2. Helen always helps her mother even though going to school _ most of her day

53、.A. takes upB. makes upC. saves upD. puts up3. At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _.A. out of sight B. out of reachC. out of order D. out of place4. In order to meet the demands they had to _ production.A. fasten upB. rise upC. speed upD. go up5. The

54、 girl made a great on her neighbors and they spoke highly of her.A. expressionB. impressionC. explanationD. profession答案：AAACB思路分析： 1. 考查動詞短語辨析。由后置語境but soon lost interest可知空白處應表示“對產生興趣”，take up可以表示“對產生興趣”，故A項符合語境。save up表示“儲蓄”；keep up表示“使不掉下來”；draw up表示“起草，擬訂”。2. 考查動詞短語辨析。take up意為“占用 (時間、空間)”；make up意為“編制；捏造；化妝；彌補”；save up意為“節(jié)省”；put up意為“舉起；張貼”。結合句意“海倫總是幫助她的母親，盡管上學占去了她大部分的時間”，可知A項正確。3. 句意：在火車站,這位母親揮手向她的女兒告別,直到火車看不