[英語考試]筆譯被動語態(tài)ppt課件

1、被動語態(tài)的翻譯n英語中被動語態(tài)運用廣泛。凡是在不用要說出自動者，不愿說出自動者，無從說出自動者或者是為了便于銜接上下文等等場所，往往都用被動語態(tài)。漢語中雖也有被動語態(tài)，但運用范圍狹窄得多。英語被動語態(tài)的句子，翻譯成漢語時，很多情況下都可譯成自動句，但也有一些可以堅持被動語態(tài)。一、譯成漢語自動句一、譯成漢語自動句(一) 原文中的主語在譯文中仍作主語The sense of inferiority that he acquired in his youth has never been totally removed.他在青少年時期留下的自大感，還沒有完全消除。On their domestic

2、stations, events in the Middle East were dismissed briefly.在他們國內(nèi)電臺的廣播中，中東事件只輕描淡寫地報導(dǎo)了一下。(二) 原文中的主語在譯文中作賓語By the end of the war 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of over 200 Belgian and French lives.大戰(zhàn)終了時，這個組織挽救了800人，但那是以200多比利時人和法國人的生命為代價的。It would be astonishing if that lo

3、ss were not keenly felt.假設(shè)人們不劇烈地感到損失，那倒是奇異了。練習(xí)The mobile phone boom is driven by the young adults.Promising young executives are more motivated by the prospect of challenge and responsibility.The ever-increasing demand for private cars could be halted by more investment in public transport.(三) 采用狀語作

4、方式上的主語來翻譯Movies were first made in Hollywood before WWI.一戰(zhàn)前好萊塢初次制造了電影。In 1849 gold was discovered in California in the mountains near San Francisco and so started the famous Gold Rush.1849年加州舊金山附近的山里發(fā)現(xiàn)了黃金，由此開場了有名的淘金熱。練習(xí)1. The consumer spending was dampened in the regional financial crisis in Asia.2.

5、 The nations fervor for brand-name goods cant be quenched even in the economic recession in Japan.(四) 常用被動語態(tài)句型的翻譯1不加主語It is said/reported/supposed that據(jù)報道、聽說、據(jù)推測It must be admitted/pointed out that必需成認(rèn)、必需指出It is hoped that希望It may be said without fear of exaggeration that 可以好不夸張地說It will be seen fro

6、m this that由此可見2可加主語It is asserted that有人主張It is believed that 有人置信以為It is generally considered that大家以為It is well-known that大家知道、眾所周知It will be said that 有人會說It was told that 有人曾經(jīng)說練習(xí)1. It is believed that nuclear power is among the greatest innovations of our time. But it is also feared it will bri

7、ng the end of the world.2. Science is often referred to as a double-edged sword, increasing our wealth and comfort while leaving people in fear of potential dangers like human cloning.3. It is commonly believed that hot climates reduce peoples energy and that people of the south walk and talk more s

8、lowly than the busy northerners.4. The National Security Agency in US is accused of reading other peoples s around the world in its search for military and commercial secrets.二、譯成漢語被動句二、譯成漢語被動句(一) 采用多種被動詞1) Our foreign policy is supported by people all over the world.我國的外交政策遭到了全世界人民的支持。2) Americans

9、prefer to discipline themselves rather than be disciplined by others.3) A police court is presided over by a magistrate, who tries the cases without a jury.4) I started to explain that I could not do my best since my spectacles had been taken away from me, but she wouldnt let me finish.5) I was so i

10、mpressed by these words that I used them later for a Christmas card.(二) 采用原主語，省略被動詞1) The risk of the global nuclear conflict has been greatly reduced.2) Broadly speaking, human beings may be divided into three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are

11、 bored to death.nIn much of the world, authority is not challenged either out of respect or out of fear, sometimes, too because a hierarchy of rank has been fixed for so long that people have been trained for generations never to challenge it. In such countries children are not expected to question

12、their teachers in school, and brilliant young scholars or inventive industrial geniuses are hampered in technical research because they hesitate to disagree with their superiors. Clever researchers may be considered too young to have any right to present findings that contradict knowledge and wisdom

13、 of their elders. However, the American is trained from childhood to question, analyze and search. Children will be told to go look things up for themselves. School tasks are designed to stimulate the use of a wide range of materials. Even in the primary grades, children are taught to use libraries,

14、 and to search for new ideas.If people mean anything at all by the expression “untimely death, they must believe that some deaths run on a better schedule than others. Death in old age is rarely called untimely a long life is thought to be a full one. But with the passing of a young person, one assu

15、mes that the best years lay ahead and the measures of that life was still to be taken.History denies this, of course. Among prominent summer deaths, one recalls those of Marilyn Monroe and James Deans, whose lives seemed equally brief and complete. Writers cannot bear the fact that poet John Keats died at 26, and only ha