英語必修一Unit4單詞講解

1、英語必修一英語必修一Unit4單詞單詞講解講解earthquake n. 地震Eg: It is reported that an earthquake broke out last night in Southeast Asia.right away 立刻；馬上同義詞： right now=straight away=at once=in no time=immediately注意：right now除表示“立刻，馬上”之外，還表示“現(xiàn)在，此刻”，比now的語氣強，相當于at this moment, at present，用于進行時。well n. 井Eg: A book is a wel

2、l of knowledge. adj. 健康的Eg: I hope you will get well soon. adv. 熟練地，有效地Eg: He plays the piano very well for his age.smelly adj. 有臭味的，發(fā)臭的Eg: His socks are smelly.拓展：blood bloody cloud cloudyrain rainy greed greedy詞根：smell 可用作系動詞或實義動詞，用作系動詞時，意為“聞起來”；用作實義動詞時意為“聞”Eg: You may smell the mixture and it sme

3、lls terrible. blood + -y = bloody rain + -y = rainy cloud + -y = cloudy wind + -y = windy snow + -y = snowy greed + -y = greedy dream+-y = dreamy taste+ -y = tasty ice + -y = icy fat + -y = fatty mud+ -y = muddy fog + -y = foggy sun + -y = sunny流血的流血的多云的多云的下雪的下雪的幻想的幻想的冷漠的，冰的冷漠的，冰的泥濘的泥濘的肥胖的肥胖的下雨的下雨的多

4、風的多風的貪婪的貪婪的美味的美味的陽光燦爛的陽光燦爛的有霧的有霧的burstv.（使）爆裂；（使）破裂；（使）爆炸Eg: You are going to burst the balloon if you are not careful. The balloon suddenly burst.v.猛沖；突然出現(xiàn)Eg: He burst into the room without knocking.burst into+ n.=burst out doing sth. 突然起來 eg: burst into laughter=burst out laughingeg: 她突然笑起來。她突然笑起來

5、。 She burst out laughing. She burst into . 他突然大哭起來。他突然大哭起來。 He burst out crying. He burst into . n. 突然爆裂，爆發(fā)突然爆裂，爆發(fā)短語：短語：a burst of 一陣一陣eg: 一陣笑聲一陣笑聲laughtertearsa burst of laughter勃然大怒勃然大怒a burst of angerburst intoburst with闖入闖入充滿充滿event n.（1） C（尤指涉及幾個人的）事件，大事Eg: That was an important historical even

6、t.（2）C（體育比賽等的）項目，賽事Eg: The Olympic Games are important events in the sports world.4. at an end 結束，終結結束，終結eg: 炎熱的天氣終于結束了。炎熱的天氣終于結束了。 The hot days are at last at an end. The hot days come to an end at last. be at an end = come to an end 結束結束短語：短語：put an end to=bringto an end 使使結束結束eg: 他們應該結束戰(zhàn)爭。他們應該結束戰(zhàn)

7、爭。 They should put an end to the war. They should bring the war to an end.辨析：辨析：at an end, in the end, at the end of, by the end of1). at an end: 表示表示“終結，結束終結，結束”，及，及be動詞連用。動詞連用。eg: 戰(zhàn)爭結束了。戰(zhàn)爭結束了。 The war was at an end.= The war came to an end.2). in the end: 表示表示“最終，終于最終，終于”，單獨使用作狀語單獨使用作狀語。eg: 最終他們放棄

8、了那項計劃。最終他們放棄了那項計劃。 They gave up the plan in the end. (at last)3). at the end of: 表示表示“在在的盡頭的盡頭/末尾末尾”eg: 今年年底，我父親要回家。今年年底，我父親要回家。 My father will come home at the end of this year. He is at the end of his patience. 他已經忍耐到極限了。他已經忍耐到極限了。4). by the end of: 到到末為止，常及末為止，常及完成時態(tài)完成時態(tài)連用。連用。 by the end of last用

9、于過去完成時用于過去完成時 by the end of next用于將來完成時用于將來完成時eg: 到上個月末為止，他在那條船上已經待了兩年。到上個月末為止，他在那條船上已經待了兩年。 By the end of last month, he had been on that ship for two years. 到下學期末為止，我將學會到下學期末為止，我將學會3000多個英語單詞。多個英語單詞。 I will have learned more than 3000 English words by the end of next term.5. nation n. 民族，國家，國民民族，國

10、家，國民單詞積累：單詞積累：national adj. 國家的，民族的，國營的國家的，民族的，國營的 nationality n. 國籍國籍辨析：辨析：nation, country, state易混詞 辨析 例句nationcountry state側重指側重指“人民人民”，即，即“國民國民”The whole nation was in deep sorrow. 舉國悲痛。舉國悲痛。側重指側重指“疆土疆土”，即，即“國土國土”。He has been to many African countries.他去過許多非洲國他去過許多非洲國家。家。側重指側重指“政權政權”“”“政體政體”，即，即

11、“國國權權”Hes a head of state.他是一位國家元首。他是一位國家元首。ruin （1） n. U 毀壞；毀滅；滅亡Eg: The war brought ruin to the country.（2） n. 倒塌的建筑物，廢墟Eg: The castle now lies in ruins.注意：ruin表示“廢墟，遺跡”，常用復數(shù)，常構成in ruins，意為“嚴重受損，破敗不堪”，強調狀態(tài)，常用作表語或狀語。（3）v. （完全地）毀壞，毀掉；使破產Eg: I was ruined by that law case.拓展：be in ruins 呈一片廢墟 bring st

12、h to ruin 使某物毀滅 bring sb to ruin 使某人破產 suffering n. U 疼痛，痛苦，折磨，苦難 eg: Death finally brought an end to her suffering. 注意：sufferings 表示“痛苦，苦惱” eg: The hospital aims to ease the sufferings of the dying.extreme （1）adj. 極度（大）的；嚴重的；極端的；過分的Eg： extreme weather conditions 極端惡劣的天氣情況 extreme sports 極限運動（2） n.

13、C 完全相反的事物；極端，極度，極限Eg: extremes of cold, wind or rain 嚴寒，狂風，驟雨拓展： go to extremes 走極端injurehurtwoundharm指損害健康，成就，容貌等，強調功能的指損害健康，成就，容貌等，強調功能的喪失，常指事故中的傷害喪失，常指事故中的傷害普通用語，既可指肉體上的傷害，也可指精普通用語，既可指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神上，感情上的傷害神上，感情上的傷害指槍傷，刀傷，刺傷等皮肉之傷，尤指戰(zhàn)場指槍傷，刀傷，刺傷等皮肉之傷，尤指戰(zhàn)場上所受的傷上所受的傷一般指傷害有生命的東西，常指傷及人的健一般指傷害有生命的東西，常指傷及人

14、的健康，權利，事業(yè)等康，權利，事業(yè)等A bullet injured his left eye.一顆子彈傷了他的左眼。一顆子彈傷了他的左眼。I dont want to hurt you.我不想傷害你。我不想傷害你。The soldier was wounded badly.這位士兵嚴重受傷。這位士兵嚴重受傷。Smoking seriously harmed his health.吸煙嚴重地損害了他的健康。吸煙嚴重地損害了他的健康。track （1）n. C 足跡，蹤跡；軌道，跑道Eg: We followed the bears tracks in the snow.（2） vt. 跟蹤，追

15、蹤Eg: We continued tracking the plane on our radar.拓展： keep track of 記錄；掌握的線索useless adj. 無用的，無效的，無價值的Eg: He knew it was useless to protest.固定句式： It is useless (no use) doing sth 做某事是無用的shock （1）v. 使震驚；使驚愕；使難以置信使震驚；使驚愕；使難以置信搭配：搭配： be shocked at 對對感到震驚感到震驚 be shocked to do sth 懼怕做某事懼怕做某事 eg: The murde

16、r of such a young child deeply shocked the whole community. （2）v. （使）憤慨，（使）生氣（使）憤慨，（使）生氣 eg: Just ignore all their bad language they only do it to shock. （3） n. 令人震驚的（情況，消息）令人震驚的（情況，消息）搭配：搭配：be a shock to sb 對某人來說是一個打擊對某人來說是一個打擊 eg: It was a real shock to hear that the factory would have to close.sh

17、ocked adj. 驚愕的，感到震驚的 shocking adj. 令人震驚的 rescue （1） n. C,U 救援，營救；救援行動 eg: The rescue team made ten rescues in a week. （2） vt. 救援，拯救，解救 搭配：rescue sb/sth from 把從（地方）解救出來 eg: They rescued the boy from the burning house.a rescue team 救援隊 rescue worker 救援人員 trap （1） vt. （trapped）困住，關住，使陷入危險中 搭配：be trappe

18、d in 困在中 eg: The car was trapped in the deep snow. （2） n. C陷阱；困境；圈套，詭計 eg: She had set a trap for him and he had walked straight into it. electricity n. U 電，電力Eg: This machine is run/driven by electricity.拓展： turn on/off electricity 接通/切斷電源 electric adj. 用電的，電動的 electrical adj. 電的，及電有關的 electronic a

19、dj.電子的disaster n. 災難，災禍Eg: The fire was a great disaster.拓展： a traffic disaster 一起交通事故 natural disaster 自然災害 a disaster area 災區(qū)dig out (dug) 挖出，翻找出Eg: Why did you dig out those old magazines?9. bury vt. 埋葬，掩埋，隱藏埋葬，掩埋，隱藏eg: 她被安葬在她丈夫的墳邊。她被安葬在她丈夫的墳邊。 She was buried beside her husbands grave. 她雙手捂著臉哭了起來

20、。她雙手捂著臉哭了起來。 She buried her face in her hands and cried.短語：短語：bury oneself in=be buried in. 專心于專心于， 埋首于埋首于 bend ones mind/efforts/thoughts to devote oneself to=be devoted to 專心于專心于，獻身于，獻身于 be lost in 陷入陷入中中10. shelter n. 掩蔽，躲避處，避難，保護掩蔽，躲避處，避難，保護短語：短語：take shelter from 躲避躲避 vt.&vi. 庇護，掩護庇護，掩護 (常及常及fr

21、om搭配使用搭配使用) 意為意為“保護保護不受不受的傷害的傷害/侵害侵害”eg: 人們在百貨商場躲避陣雨。人們在百貨商場躲避陣雨。 People took shelter from the shower in the department store. 那些樹木庇護田地不受冷風侵襲。那些樹木庇護田地不受冷風侵襲。 The trees shelter the field from the cold wind.title （1）n. C 標題，題目Eg: His novel was published under the title of Love and Reason.（2） n. C 職位名稱

22、；職稱Eg: The official title of the job is “Administrative Assistant”.（3）vt. （給書籍，樂曲等）加標題Eg: Their first album was titled “Ocean Drive”.11. damage n.&vt. 損失，損害損失，損害eg: Smoking can damage your health. 抽煙會損害你的健康。抽煙會損害你的健康。短語：短語：do damage to 對對造成損害造成損害12. frighten vt. 使驚嚇，嚇唬使驚嚇，嚇唬 frightened adj. 受驚的，受恐嚇的受驚的，受恐嚇的 frightening adj. 令人恐懼的令人恐懼的短語：短語：be frightened at 受受驚嚇，見驚嚇，見大吃一驚大吃一驚 be frightened of sb/sth 害怕某人害怕某人/某物某物同義詞：同義詞：shock 近義詞：近義詞：surprisecongratulation n. 祝賀；恭賀；賀詞搭配： offer/send ones congratulations to sb on sth 因某事向某人表示祝賀Eg: We offered our congratulations to him on his succe