高中英語_直接引語變間接引語

1、直接引語變間接引語直接引語變間接引語媽媽說媽媽說:“杰克是個(gè)好學(xué)生杰克是個(gè)好學(xué)生”.Mother said :”Jack is a good student.”媽媽說杰克是個(gè)好學(xué)生。媽媽說杰克是個(gè)好學(xué)生。Mother said that Jack is a good student.直接引語：直接引語：間接引語Direct speech:Indirect speech:一、如何變?nèi)朔Q：一、如何變?nèi)朔Q： 口訣：一隨主口訣：一隨主,二隨賓，第三人稱不更新。二隨賓，第三人稱不更新。 “一隨主一隨主”是指在直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，是指在直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人如果從句中

2、的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。稱所修飾。從句中從句中的人稱要按照的人稱要按照主句中主主句中主語的人稱變化語的人稱變化如：如： She said. My brother wants to go shopping with me. ” She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her.“二隨賓二隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時(shí)是指直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱或，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人你所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟被第二人你所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號(hào)外的主句的賓語一致引號(hào)外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號(hào)外。

3、如果引號(hào)外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱，的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱，如：如： HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?”HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。 “第三人稱不更新第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語變間是指直接引語變間接引語時(shí)。如果從句中的主語及賓語是接引語時(shí)。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如：人稱一般不需要變化如： Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good boy.”Mr. Smith said Jack was a good

4、boy.二、如何變時(shí)態(tài)二、如何變時(shí)態(tài)：直接引語在改為間接引語時(shí)、時(shí)態(tài)需要做直接引語在改為間接引語時(shí)、時(shí)態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般一般過去時(shí)態(tài)；過去時(shí)態(tài)；She said: “ I am a student. ” She said (that) she was a student. 2).2).一般過去時(shí)變過去完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)變過去完成時(shí)： Hesaidtome,“Imetyourfather.”Hetoldmethathehadmetmyfather3)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)She said, He will go to see his fr

5、iend.”She said he would go to see his friend。 Tom said, “ I am going to play basketball tomorrow.” Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow. 4) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)； She said ,“I am reading a book.” She said she was reading a book.5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)：She said. “I have lost a pen.”She sai

6、d that she had lost a pen注意：以下幾種情況時(shí)態(tài)注意：以下幾種情況時(shí)態(tài)不變不變直接引語是客觀真理。直接引語是客觀真理。 The teacher said The earth moves around the sun .” The teacher said me the earth moves around the sun earth.直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語， 變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：如： Jack said. I was born on April 2l, 1980. 直

7、接引語是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。 Jack said. “I was doing chores when Tom came to see me”Jack said he was doing chores when Tom came to see him.Jack said he was born on April 21, 1980.直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),表示一種表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，變間接引語，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：，變間接引語，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning?！比绻?/p>

8、直接引語中的如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有過去時(shí)的形式不再情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有過去時(shí)的形式不再變變（例：（例：could,should,would,might）Thedoctorsaid,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.”ThedoctorsaidIshouldstayinbedfor2days.”和已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)的形式時(shí)和已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)的形式時(shí)，例：例：oughtto，hadbetter,usedtoPetersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.He said he gets up at six every morning.Peter said I had

9、 better go there that day.直接引語直接引語間接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)（不變）過去完成時(shí)（不變）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（不變）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（不變）Exercise1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that _ never _ meat.2. “Ive found my wallet.” he said

10、to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3. “I took it home with me.” she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her.4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He _ m

11、e that he _ met the day _.6. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _.heatetoldhadFound hisshehadtakenrisegoestoldhadbeforehadbeforehadthere8. “Did you see her last week?

12、” he said.He _ _ I had seen her the week _.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _ _ _been _ days. 12. “Do you know where she lives?” he

13、 asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He _ the children _ _ making so much noise.14. “Dont tell him the news.” she said.She told me _ _ him the news. 15. “Are you intested in this?” he said.He _ _ I was interestd in _.ifaskedtoldbeforeshecouldwhereh

14、owhadihadthoselivediifstoptotoldtonotaskedtellifthat三、如何變狀語：三、如何變狀語：直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律，直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律，時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語由由“現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在”改為改為“原來原來”（例：（例：now變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閠hen,yesterday變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閠hedaybeforetoday變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閠hatdayHesaid,”Iwanttogoswimmingnow.”Hesaidhewantedtogoswimmingthen.地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語，尤其表示方向性的，尤其表示方向性的，here變變thereThetea

15、chersaid,“Youshouldcomehereat7:00.”TheteachersaidIshouldgothereat7:00.指示代詞指示代詞修飾的狀語，由修飾的狀語，由“此此”改為改為“彼彼”例：例：this改為改為thatHesaid,Thisbooksismine.“Hesaidthatbookwashis.agobefore; this morningthat morningYesterdaythe day before; tomorrowthe next daynext weekthe following week/the next weekYesterday morn

16、ingthe morning before謂語動(dòng)詞的變化謂語動(dòng)詞的變化:直接引語直接引語:Must ;Come ;bring間接引語間接引語:had to; go ;takeShe said, I will come here this evening.”She said that she would go there that evening四、如何變句型：四、如何變句型： 直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。的賓語從句。Shesaid,Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.“Shesaidthatth

17、eirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由間接引語應(yīng)改為由whether或或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句.Hesaid,Canyouswim,John?“HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim。“Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?”HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)

18、的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。Sheaskedme,Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.Sheaskedme,WhatwasJackdoingwhenIcomein?”SheaskedmewhatJackwasdoingwhenshecamein.直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)改為直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)改為“Tell(ask,order,beg等等)sb(not)todosth.”句型句型。如：如：1.Dontmakeanynoise,theteachersaidtothestudents