高一英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句課件PPT課件

1、定語(yǔ)從句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定語(yǔ)從句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定語(yǔ)從句第1頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)3.先行詞先行詞：4.關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞：關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞that, which, who, whom, whose, as關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞where, when, why等。等。關(guān)系詞常有關(guān)系詞常有3個(gè)作用：個(gè)作用：1，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。2，代替先行詞。，代替先行詞。3，在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。，在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞先行詞；引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的

2、關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。第2頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)The boy who is reading needs the pen.先行詞先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句先行詞：被修飾限定的詞先行詞：被修飾限定的詞關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞定語(yǔ)從句：一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句：一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)第3頁(yè)/共52頁(yè) God helps those who help themselves. He who laughs last laughs best. Nothing in the world is difficul

3、t for one who sets his mind to it.自助者天助。自助者天助。誰(shuí)笑到最后，誰(shuí)笑得最好。誰(shuí)笑到最后，誰(shuí)笑得最好。世上無(wú)難事，只怕有心人。世上無(wú)難事，只怕有心人。Guess the meaning of the following proverbs第4頁(yè)/共52頁(yè) All that glitters(閃光) is not gold. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.閃閃發(fā)光的不一定是金子閃閃發(fā)光的不一定是金子.不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢 .第5頁(yè)/共52頁(yè) David is a kind

4、person. He always helps others. David is a kind person always helps others subject關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞who 第6頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞第7頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞a machine the

5、 machine第8頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞a machine that /which第9頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. 第10頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yeste

6、rday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl第11頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl第12頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl第13頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)關(guān)系代詞關(guān)

7、系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl第14頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl第15頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw

8、 her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl第16頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl第17頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.that/who/whomTh

9、e girl注意避免重復(fù)注意避免重復(fù)第18頁(yè)/共52頁(yè) He is a great boy. His name will be remembered.He is a great boy name will be remembered.attribute關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 whose第19頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)Attributive clauses in Reading1)I sat next to a girl whose name was Diana.2)I loved the lessons that she gave in English Literature.3) All my classmate

10、s were fond of the cake that I made.4) In the Art class that I took, I made a small sculpture.第20頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)Correct the mistakes1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two.2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible.3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me bef

11、ore.4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick. whomwhoseitwho第21頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)He is a Chinese. He plays an important part in NBA.He is a Chinese who/ that plays an important part in NBA.變?yōu)槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句第22頁(yè)/共52頁(yè) He was born in Shanghai. Shanghai is an international city.He was born in Shanghai which / that is

12、 an international city.第23頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)關(guān)系詞在從關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的句中所作的成分成分先行詞的類先行詞的類別別關(guān)系詞的選關(guān)系詞的選擇擇主語(yǔ)人物who/thatwhich/that第24頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)Those who are against the plan put up your hands.The man who is next to us sells vegetable.Tom is one of the students who praised by the teacher yesterday.Tom is the only one of the student

13、s who praised by the teacher yesterday.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須與先行詞保持一致。werewas第25頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)He is a good He is a good manman. .People all like People all like himhim. .People are proud of People are proud of himhim. .He is a good man whom/ that people are proud of.He is a good man whom / that people

14、all like.He is a good man of whom people are proud.Or: 第26頁(yè)/共52頁(yè) He loves basketball. He plays basketball very well.He loves basketball which/that he plays very well.第27頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)關(guān)系詞在從關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的句中所作的成分成分先行詞的類先行詞的類別別關(guān)系詞的選關(guān)系詞的選擇擇賓語(yǔ)人物whom/that/who/省略which/that/省略第28頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)He is a famous basketball player.Hi

15、s wife is Ye Li.He is a famous basketball player whose wife is Ye Li.He has a wife.Her name is Ye Li.He has a wife whose name is Ye Li.第29頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)The room is mine.The rooms window faces southThe room whose window faces south is mine.第30頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)關(guān)系詞在從關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的句中所作的成分成分先行詞的類先行詞的類別別關(guān)系詞的選關(guān)系詞的選擇擇 定語(yǔ)人物whosewh

16、ose第31頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：指人指人指物指物subject (主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ))object (賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ))attribute（定語(yǔ)）（定語(yǔ)）whomwhowhichthatwhose何時(shí)可以省略？何時(shí)可以省略？做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略第32頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)1. Is that the house _ you bought last year? A. where B. which2. Is that the picture _ you are laughing at? A. which B.where3. It is the

17、 most interesting book _Ill ever read. A. which B. thatBBA第33頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)4.The street _is to the park is very narrow. A. where B. which5.The person _finds my watch will get a reward. A. who B. when6.This is the room _ we listened to the lecture. A. which B. whereBAB第34頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)從括號(hào)中選擇正確的關(guān)系代詞完成句子1.The season _

18、 follows spring is summer. (that / who / 不填)2. This is the museum we visited last Saturday. (that / whom / 不填)3. The boy John is speaking with is my brother. (which / whom/ 不填)4. The building _ walls are white is my uncles house. (which / whose / 不填)thatthat / 不填不填whom/ 不填不填whose第35頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)5. Will you

19、 please lend me the book _ you bought yesterday? (which / that / whose)7. The student _ the teacher praise at the class meeting is our monitor. (which / whom / whose)8. I found some photos of tourist sites _ were not far away from our city. (which / that /不填 )which / that whomwhich / that 第36頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)關(guān)

20、系代詞that和which在很多情況下可以互換，但哪些情況只能用that?第37頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)只用只用that，不用，不用which1.all, little, much, few, none, everything, nothing, something, anything 等不定代詞作先行詞或者先行詞被其所修飾時(shí)； All that can be done has been done.2. 序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾先行詞時(shí)； This is the best TV that is made in China.3. 先行詞前有the only, the very, the same, the

21、right等修飾時(shí)；4.先行詞既有人也有物先行詞既有人也有物5.主句以which, who, what開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句.Who that you have ever seen can do it better ?第38頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)有哪些情況關(guān)系代詞不用有哪些情況關(guān)系代詞不用thatthat，而用，而用whichwhich，whowho，whomwhom? ?第39頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)只用只用which，不用，不用that有機(jī)器的房間是車(chē)間。有機(jī)器的房間是車(chē)間。The room _ there is a machine is a workshop.The room _ there is a machine

22、in is a workshop.in which(which/ that)一、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句一、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句二、用在介詞后二、用在介詞后I have lost the pen, _ I like very much.which第40頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)1、在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，指事物用、在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，指事物用which，指人用指人用who或或whom.He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100

23、yuan .Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for a long time.whichwhichwhowhomFill in the blanks第41頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)1.Her bag ,in which she put all her money, has been stolen.2.This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.3.Xiao Wang ,wit

24、h whom I went to the concert, enjoyed himself very much.2、在介詞后面，指事物用、在介詞后面，指事物用 which，指人用，指人用whom.第42頁(yè)/共52頁(yè) whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，其后應(yīng)緊跟名詞，構(gòu)成名引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，其后應(yīng)緊跟名詞，構(gòu)成名詞短語(yǔ)。詞短語(yǔ)。 whose與它所修飾的名詞一起可以作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。與它所修飾的名詞一起可以作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。如：如：The boss in whose department he worked had heard the news.他工作所在部門(mén)的老板已經(jīng)聽(tīng)說(shuō)他工作所

25、在部門(mén)的老板已經(jīng)聽(tīng)說(shuō)了這個(gè)消息。了這個(gè)消息。第43頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)whose的先行詞指物時(shí)，可用的先行詞指物時(shí)，可用of which代替，但語(yǔ)代替，但語(yǔ)序不同，即序不同，即whose+名詞名詞 = the+名詞名詞+of which，或，或= of which + the + 名詞。如：名詞。如：The novel whose title (= the title of which或或of which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting. whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，其先行詞既可以指人引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，其先行詞既可以指人也可以指物。也可以指物

26、。第44頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)whose的先行詞指人時(shí)，可用的先行詞指人時(shí)，可用of whom代替，代替，但語(yǔ)序不同，即但語(yǔ)序不同，即whose+名詞名詞 = the+名詞名詞+of whom，或，或= of whom + the + 名詞。如：名詞。如：The boy whose mother (= the mother of whom或或of whom the mother) is a doctor is my friend.第45頁(yè)/共52頁(yè) 介詞介詞+which/ whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句從句1. 介詞的選用原則：介詞的選用原則：(1)根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配來(lái)決定。根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配來(lái)決定。This is the book on which I spent 8 dollars.This is the book for which I paid 8 dollars.第46頁(yè)/共52頁(yè)(2) 根據(jù)先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配來(lái)決定。根據(jù)先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配來(lái)決定。I remember the day on which I joined the Party.I remember the days during which I lived there.第47頁(yè)/共52