高考書面表達評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

1、高考書面表達評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)高考書面表達評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 一、評分原則：一、評分原則： 1.本題總分為本題總分為25分，按分，按5 個檔次給分。個檔次給分。 2.評分時，先根據(jù)文章的評分時，先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容內(nèi)容和和語言語言 初步確定其所屬檔次，然后以該檔初步確定其所屬檔次，然后以該檔 次的要求來衡量，確定或調(diào)整檔次，次的要求來衡量，確定或調(diào)整檔次， 最后給分。最后給分。 3.詞數(shù)少于詞數(shù)少于80和多于和多于120的，從總分的，從總分 中減去中減去2 分。分。 4.評分時，應(yīng)注意的主要內(nèi)容為：評分時，應(yīng)注意的主要內(nèi)容為：內(nèi)容要點內(nèi)容要點、應(yīng)用詞匯應(yīng)用詞匯和和語法結(jié)構(gòu)語法結(jié)構(gòu)的的數(shù)量和準(zhǔn)確。數(shù)量和準(zhǔn)確。5. 拼寫

2、與標(biāo)點符號拼寫與標(biāo)點符號是語言正確性的是語言正確性的一個方面，評分時，應(yīng)視其對交際一個方面，評分時，應(yīng)視其對交際的影響程度予以考慮。的影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫英、美拼寫及詞匯用法均可接受。及詞匯用法均可接受。6. 如如書寫較差書寫較差，以至影響交際，以至影響交際，將分?jǐn)?shù)將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個檔次降低一個檔次。二二. 各檔次的給分范圍和要求各檔次的給分范圍和要求第五檔（很好）：（第五檔（很好）：（21-25分）分）完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。覆蓋所有覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點內(nèi)容要點。應(yīng)用較多的應(yīng)用較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些許錯誤，語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些

3、許錯誤，但為盡力但為盡力使用使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞匯匯所致；具備較強的語言運用能力。所致；具備較強的語言運用能力。有效地有效地使用了使用了語句間的連接成分語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。完全達到了預(yù)期的寫作目的完全達到了預(yù)期的寫作目的第四檔（好）：（第四檔（好）：（16-20分）分）完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。雖漏掉了一兩個次重點雖漏掉了一兩個次重點,但但覆蓋所有主覆蓋所有主要要內(nèi)容內(nèi)容。應(yīng)用的應(yīng)用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的要能滿足任務(wù)的要求。求。語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面應(yīng)用基本準(zhǔn)確，些語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面應(yīng)用基本準(zhǔn)確，些

4、許錯誤主要是因為嘗試許錯誤主要是因為嘗試復(fù)雜語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞復(fù)雜語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯匯所致。所致。應(yīng)用簡單的應(yīng)用簡單的語句間的連接成分語句間的連接成分，使全文，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。達到了預(yù)期的寫作目的達到了預(yù)期的寫作目的第三檔第三檔：（一般）（：（一般）（10-15分）分）基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)?；就瓿闪嗽囶}規(guī)定的任務(wù)。雖然漏掉一些內(nèi)容，但覆蓋所有雖然漏掉一些內(nèi)容，但覆蓋所有的主要內(nèi)容的主要內(nèi)容應(yīng)用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯能滿足任應(yīng)用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的要求務(wù)的要求 有一些語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的有一些語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯誤，但不影響理解錯誤，但不影響理解 應(yīng)用簡單的語句間連接成分，應(yīng)用簡單的語

5、句間連接成分，使全文內(nèi)容連貫使全文內(nèi)容連貫整體而言，基本達到了預(yù)期的寫作整體而言，基本達到了預(yù)期的寫作目的目的 第二檔第二檔：（差）（：（差）（5-10分）分）未恰當(dāng)完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)未恰當(dāng)完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要內(nèi)容，寫漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要內(nèi)容，寫了一些無關(guān)內(nèi)容了一些無關(guān)內(nèi)容語法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，詞匯項目有限語法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，詞匯項目有限有一些語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯誤，有一些語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯誤，影響了對寫作內(nèi)容的理解影響了對寫作內(nèi)容的理解較少使用語句間的連接成分，內(nèi)容缺較少使用語句間的連接成分，內(nèi)容缺少連貫性少連貫性信息未能清楚的傳遞給讀者信息未能清楚的傳遞給讀者第一檔（很差

6、）：（第一檔（很差）：（0-5分）分）未能完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。未能完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。明顯遺漏主要明顯遺漏主要內(nèi)容要點，寫了一些內(nèi)容要點，寫了一些無關(guān)內(nèi)容，原因可能是未能理解試題無關(guān)內(nèi)容，原因可能是未能理解試題要求要求。語法結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、詞匯項目有限語法結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、詞匯項目有限。較多語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯誤，較多語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯誤，影響對寫作內(nèi)容的理解。影響對寫作內(nèi)容的理解。缺乏缺乏語句間的連接成分語句間的連接成分，內(nèi)容不連，內(nèi)容不連貫。貫。信息未能傳達給讀者信息未能傳達給讀者書面表達得高分的高招： 以前英語作文評分依據(jù)是根據(jù)要點和以前英語作文評分依據(jù)是根據(jù)要點和語言準(zhǔn)確度而定，但近幾年要

7、求語言準(zhǔn)確度而定，但近幾年要求“使用較多使用較多語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯”，因此要想得高分，除了，因此要想得高分，除了要點和語言準(zhǔn)確度以外，還必須在要點和語言準(zhǔn)確度以外，還必須在較復(fù)雜較復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級的詞匯的句子結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級的詞匯上有所表現(xiàn)。上有所表現(xiàn)。句式單一，缺乏生氣的文章，哪怕無任何句式單一，缺乏生氣的文章，哪怕無任何錯誤也不可能得高分，相反錯誤也不可能得高分，相反“有些錯誤，但有些錯誤，但是為了使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞匯所致是為了使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞匯所致”，給分檔次仍在給分檔次仍在最高檔最高檔(21(212525分分) )。一、以下四種手段是增加句子復(fù)雜性一、以下四種

8、手段是增加句子復(fù)雜性的常見方法，也是得高分的的常見方法，也是得高分的“亮點亮點”。1.1.改變句子的開頭方式，不要一改變句子的開頭方式，不要一味地都是主語開頭，接著是謂語、味地都是主語開頭，接著是謂語、賓語，最后再加一個狀語?？梢再e語，最后再加一個狀語。可以把狀語置于句首，或用分詞做狀把狀語置于句首，或用分詞做狀語等。語等。例例1.We met at the school gate and went there together early in the morning.例例2. The young man couldnt help crying when he heard the bad n

9、ews. 修正修正Early in the morning we met at the school gate and went there together. 修正修正Hearing the bad news，the young man couldnt help crying.2.2.在整篇文章中，避免只使用一兩個句式，在整篇文章中，避免只使用一兩個句式，要靈活運用諸如要靈活運用諸如倒裝句、強調(diào)句、主從復(fù)合倒裝句、強調(diào)句、主從復(fù)合句、分詞狀語等。句、分詞狀語等。 強調(diào)句強調(diào)句例例3.3.My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It had saved my litt

10、le sister bravely. 修正修正My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It was our brave Ah Fu who had saved my little sister bravely.由由whatwhat等引導(dǎo)的從句，此處的等引導(dǎo)的從句，此處的whatwhat相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于中文的中文的“所所”，有很大的概括力，如，有很大的概括力，如: :例例4.4.We had to stand there to catch the offender. 例例5. 5. What China has achieved in recent years is kno

11、wn through the world.例例6. China is no longer what it used to be.修正修正What we had to do was (to) stand there， trying to catch the offender. 由由with或或without引導(dǎo)的短語。如引導(dǎo)的短語。如:例例7. He sat in a chair with a newspaper in the hand. 分詞短語。如分詞短語。如:例例8. Satisfied with the result， He decided to go on with a new exp

12、eriment.倒裝句。如倒裝句。如:例例9. Only in this way can we achieve our goal.例例10. Never before have I seen such a wonderful film.省略句。如省略句。如:例例11. If so, victory will be ours.例例12. You can make some changes wherever necessary.對比，這是中文中也常用的方法。對比，這是中文中也常用的方法。例例13. Failure is not a crime, but failure to learn from

13、failure is.例例14. When I play, I feel excited， and after it I feel relaxed.3.3.通過分句和合句，增強句子的通過分句和合句，增強句子的連貫性和表現(xiàn)力連貫性和表現(xiàn)力。例例15.He stopped us half an hour ago. He made us catch the next offender.修正修正He stopped us half an hour ago and made us catch the next offender.例例16.We had a short rest. Then we bega

14、n to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess. 修正修正After a short rest， we had great fun singing and dancing ，telling jokes and playing chess.4 4. .學(xué)會使用過渡詞。如學(xué)會使用過渡詞。如: :遞進遞進: then(然后然后)， besides furthermore(而且而且)，moreover (此外此外), whats more等。等。 轉(zhuǎn)折轉(zhuǎn)折: however(然而然而)， but，

15、on the contrary(相反相反)，after all (畢竟畢竟)等。等。 總結(jié)總結(jié): finally，at last，in brief (總之總之)，in conclusion(最后最后)等。等。強調(diào)強調(diào): indeed，certainly(一定一定)， surely(確定確定)，above all(尤其尤其)等等.對比對比: in the same way(同樣地同樣地)， just as(正如正如)， on the one hand on the other hand(一方面一方面 另一方面另一方面)等。等。1.1.注意使用詞組、習(xí)語來代替一些單注意使用詞組、習(xí)語來代替一些單

16、詞，以增加文采。如詞，以增加文采。如: : 例例18.18.A new railway is being built in my hometown.二、對于二、對于“較復(fù)雜的詞匯較復(fù)雜的詞匯”，可以，可以從從 以下幾個方面著手。以下幾個方面著手。修正修正A new railway is under construction in my hometown.2.2.使用一些很有使用一些很有“洋味洋味”的單詞。如的單詞。如: :例例19. Thank you for sharing the time with us.例例20.The way he views the world is very pr

17、actical.3.避免重復(fù)使用某一單詞或短語。如避免重復(fù)使用某一單詞或短語。如:例例21. I like reading while my brother likes watching television.修正修正I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.歷年歷年NMET書面表達的特點書面表達的特點：1.都具備五大要素即都具備五大要素即“五五W” who,what,when,where, why.2.都具備都具備六六個左右的描述要點。個左右的描述要點。3.文章大多由文章大多由十十個左右的句子組成。個左右的句子組成。

18、4.提倡使用提倡使用“語言結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜、語言結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜、用法較為地道用法較為地道的精彩句式。的精彩句式。書面表達做題步驟書面表達做題步驟: :1.1.審題找點審題找點(5-7(5-7個個) )2.2.連點成句連點成句( (注意語法注意語法) )3.3.組句成篇組句成篇( (注意銜接注意銜接) )4.4.修改抄寫修改抄寫( (注意書寫注意書寫) )書面表達注意事項書面表達注意事項:1)時間有限時間有限(25分鐘）分鐘）,合理安排。合理安排。 建議建議:兩三分鐘審題兩三分鐘審題;十分鐘左右十分鐘左右 形成初稿形成初稿;三分鐘左右反復(fù)三分鐘左右反復(fù) 檢查檢查;五分鐘左右抄寫。五分鐘左右抄寫。2)審

19、清題目審清題目,要點齊全要點齊全,表達準(zhǔn)確。表達準(zhǔn)確。4)字跡工整字跡工整,卷面整潔。卷面整潔。作文專題（作文專題（1 1）議論文的步驟：議論文的步驟： 1. 1.定文體定文體-分析寫作要求，題目是否分析寫作要求，題目是否 要寫一篇議論文要寫一篇議論文 2. 2.列要點列要點用一兩個詞或短語寫出用一兩個詞或短語寫出 每個細(xì)節(jié)要點。每個細(xì)節(jié)要點。 3. 3.組句組句將要點適當(dāng)展開，寫成句子。將要點適當(dāng)展開，寫成句子。 4. 4.寫文寫文將各句連成短文。將各句連成短文。 假設(shè)你是李華，最近國內(nèi)一家英文報紙正在討論北京動物園是否應(yīng)該遷出市區(qū)。以下是你所在的班級討論的情況，請你給該報寫一封信，反映討論

20、結(jié)果。（2005年全國卷）贊成遷出：反對遷出：1、游客多，交通阻塞2、郊區(qū)環(huán)境好1、建于1906年，中外聞名2、搬遷易造成動物死亡組成短文：組成短文： June 3,2005Dear editor, Recently, our class have a heated discussion about whether the Benjing Zoo should be moved out of the city. Some of my classmates are in favor of the move. They say large crowds of tourists to the zoo

21、 will result in traffic jams. They also say that once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs. However, other students are against the idea, saying that the Benjing Zoo, built in 1906, has a history of 100 years and is wellknown at home and abroad. So it shoul

22、d remain where it is. Whats more, moving will cause the death of some animals. To move or not, this is a big decision, which has to be made by people in Benjing. Yours truly, LiHua June 3,2005Dear editor, Recently, our class have a heated discussion about whether the Benjing Zoo should be moved out

23、of the city. Some of my classmates are in favor of the move. They say large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result in traffic jams. They also say that once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs. However, other students are against the idea, saying that th

24、e Benjing Zoo, built in 1906, has a history of 100 years and is wellknown at home and abroad. So it should remain where it is. Whats more, moving will cause the death of some animals. To move or not, this is a big decision, which has to be made by people in Benjing. Yours truly, Li Hua 經(jīng)全國中小學(xué)教材審定委員會

25、經(jīng)全國中小學(xué)教材審定委員會2004年審查通過年審查通過 全日制普通高級中學(xué)教科書全日制普通高級中學(xué)教科書 （必修）（必修） 英語英語 （第三冊）（第三冊） （供高三年級使用）（供高三年級使用） 人民教育出版社人民教育出版社 Unit 5 Getting the message Reading page 40 Advertising(第二段第二段) People react to advertisements in different ways. Some people find ads useful and entertaining; Others think that they are an

26、noying. Defenders of ads say that ads help us make informed choices as consumers by introducing good quality products. , critics sometimes accuse companies of using ads to mislead us by making us believe that a certain product is better than it really is or that we will be happier if we buy it. （200

27、6年云南省第一次省統(tǒng)測）每年高考前總會有許多“移民考生”設(shè)法從錄取分?jǐn)?shù)叫高的省份到其他省份參加高考。最近你半同學(xué)就此展開討論，同學(xué)們持兩種相反意見。請你根據(jù)表格中的信息寫一篇英語短文，客觀反映討論結(jié)果。贊同反對1、想上好的大學(xué)，應(yīng)于理解2、應(yīng)以公平合理的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來對待所有考生3、同等分?jǐn)?shù)的考生應(yīng)有同等的權(quán)利和機會1、對當(dāng)?shù)乜忌还?、不利于當(dāng)?shù)貎?yōu)秀人才的選拔3、不利于落后地區(qū)的發(fā)展Migrating Test-takers-Fair or Unfair? Every year some migrating test-takers move from high scoring provinces

28、to other areas to take the College Entrance Examninations. Recently the students in my class gave gad a discussion about this problem, and wi hold two different views. Some think it understandable for the students to seek to be admitted to a better university. In their opinion, all the college candi

29、dates should be treated with a fair criterion. Whats more, wherever they tale the exams, test-taker with the same grade should enjoy the same opportunity and right to receive higher education. However, others take a quite different stand. They believe that test-takers from high-scoring areas create

30、an unfair situation for local test-takers, which will have a bad effect on selecting talents from low-scoring areas. In addition, it will affect the development of less developed areas. Mobile Telephone on Campus （2004年大學(xué)四級考試作文題）年大學(xué)四級考試作文題）(1)學(xué)校園里越來越多的學(xué)生拿手機；學(xué)校園里越來越多的學(xué)生拿手機；(2)手機對學(xué)生的影響；手機對學(xué)生的影響； (3)你的

31、觀點。你的觀點。 With the development of science and technology, mobile telephone becomes more and more popular. Even the students on campus begin to use mobile telephone. Is it a good or bad thing? Mobile telephone , on the one hand, is good to the students. For one thing , it enables them to keep in touch

32、 with their friends and family more conveniently and quickly. For another, it can make the students fashionable and proud. On the other hand, mobile telephone has a negative effect on the students. First , it will cost them more money than before. Second, it will distract them from their study. Thir

33、d, it will sometimes become a nuisance especially when it rings in class or in the library. In my opinion , it is not good for the students on campus to use mobile telephone . Since the students main purpose on campus is to study , they should pay much attention to their study. If they want to use m

34、obile telephone , they can use it after graduation。上周，你校同學(xué)舉行了一場英語辯論會。辯論的上周，你校同學(xué)舉行了一場英語辯論會。辯論的題目是：題目是：“是否應(yīng)該發(fā)展小起車？是否應(yīng)該發(fā)展小起車？” 參加辯論的參加辯論的同學(xué)的意見截然不同。請根據(jù)下表所提供的信息，同學(xué)的意見截然不同。請根據(jù)下表所提供的信息，給某雜志社寫篇英語稿件，客觀的介紹辯論的情給某雜志社寫篇英語稿件，客觀的介紹辯論的情況。（況。（2006年高考模擬卷年高考模擬卷 北清學(xué)子卷）北清學(xué)子卷）A組的意見B組的意見1、應(yīng)大力發(fā)展小汽車1、應(yīng)限制小汽車的發(fā)展2、給人們帶來許多方便2、馬

35、路太窄，大量的小汽 會造成交通阻塞3、創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機會3、造成空氣污染4、增強經(jīng)濟實力4、應(yīng)大力發(fā)展公共交通 Last week, we had a debate about whether we should develop small cars. During the debate, Group A said we should develop small cars, since it would bring great convenience to people, create more jobs and greatly strengthen the economy. While Group

36、 B thought the government should limit the number of cars, since most of roads too narrow for a large number of cars. Too many cars would certainly cause traffic jams. Besides, cars would give out large amount of gas, which would cause air pollution. They thought public transportation, such as buses

37、 and subways, should be well developed. 人們對于學(xué)生網(wǎng)上交友持不同的意見。請你用寫人們對于學(xué)生網(wǎng)上交友持不同的意見。請你用寫一篇關(guān)于網(wǎng)上交友的短文，介紹人們的不同觀點，一篇關(guān)于網(wǎng)上交友的短文，介紹人們的不同觀點，并表達自己的觀點。并表達自己的觀點。（2005年全國高考江西卷）年全國高考江西卷）贊成的理由反對的理由你的看法1、廣交朋友2、可以自由表達思想3、利于外語學(xué)習(xí)1、浪費時間2、影響學(xué)習(xí)3、可能上當(dāng)受騙？ Should students make friends on line? Some people say yes. The internet h

38、elps make many friends. Chatting on line, students can more freely express their feelings and opinions, and even get help with their foreign language studies. Other, however, think students should not. They say making friends on line is a waste of time , which should be spent more meaningfully on st

39、udy. Besides, some students get cheated on line. It is my opinion that students should place their study, health and safety before other things. As for friendship we can readily find it in our classmates and other people around us.三班的同學(xué)進行了一場有關(guān)英語學(xué)習(xí)的討論。討論的題目是：學(xué)習(xí)英語要不要從兒童時期開始？請你根據(jù)表中的提示寫一篇短文，介紹討論的情況。（200

40、4年全國高考湖北卷）一些同學(xué)認(rèn)為一些同學(xué)認(rèn)為另一些同學(xué)認(rèn)為另一些同學(xué)認(rèn)為1、應(yīng)從兒童時期開始學(xué)習(xí)、應(yīng)從兒童時期開始學(xué)習(xí)英語英語2、兒童時期記憶力好，可、兒童時期記憶力好，可以記住很多單詞以記住很多單詞3、能為以后的英語學(xué)習(xí)打、能為以后的英語學(xué)習(xí)打下堅實的基礎(chǔ)下堅實的基礎(chǔ)1、不應(yīng)從兒童時期開始、不應(yīng)從兒童時期開始學(xué)習(xí)英語學(xué)習(xí)英語2。兒童時期既要學(xué)漢語。兒童時期既要學(xué)漢語拼音又要學(xué)英語，易混淆拼音又要學(xué)英語，易混淆3、會影響哈于學(xué)習(xí)和今、會影響哈于學(xué)習(xí)和今后的英語學(xué)習(xí)后的英語學(xué)習(xí)討論未取得一致意見討論未取得一致意見 The students of class 3 had a discussion

41、about whether it is necessary to start learning English from childhood. Some of them think that English learning should be from childhood. As little boys and girls have a very good memory, they can learn a lot of English words by heart. This will help them lay a solid foundation for their future Eng

42、lish learning . But others do not agree. Young children have to learn Chinese pinyin at school. If they study Chinese pinyin and English at the same time, it will be very easy for them to mix them up. This will do a lot of harm not only to their Chinese learning buy also to their future English learning. In short ,the students have not arrived at any agreement yet.最近，你校同學(xué)正在參加某英文報組織的一場討論。討論的主題是：公園要不要收門票？請你根據(jù)下表所提供的信息