新滬教版初中英語七年級上冊Module 3 Travels unit5 Visiting the moon 知識點歸納及單元語法doc

1、Unit 5 Visiting the Moon一 必背單詞1. diary 日記，日記簿 2. space太空 3. spaceship宇宙飛船 4.spacesuit宇航服，航天服 5. nervous緊張的 6. leave 離開 7.able 能夠8. tie糸，捆，綁9.ourselves 我們自己 10. without沒有 11. weak虛弱的，無力的 12. breathe 呼吸 13. if如果 14. camera照相機 15. work運轉(zhuǎn)；運行 16. garden花園 17. rock 巖石 18.postcard明信片 19.machine機器 20. retur

2、n返回 21. gravity重力，地球引力 22. float漂??；浮動二 必背短語1. more than 多于 2. be able to能夠 3.have to 不得不，必須 4.so that 以便 5. take photos 拍照 6. asas像。一樣；如同7. that is 也就是說 8. get weak變虛弱 9. tieto把。糸在。上 10. be excited about對。感到興奮 11. bring back 帶回12. such as例如 13. taketo 帶。去。14.one of the first students第一批學(xué)生之一 15. on t

3、he Moon在月球上 16. in the future將來 17. get excited 變得興奮，激動 18. come back 回來 19.a large amount of 大量 20. be interested in對。感興趣 21. do exercises做運動 22. visit the Space Museum 參觀太空博物館 23. at the moment目前 24. at the school gate在學(xué)校門口 25. in the swimming pool在游泳池里三 同義詞1. leave= go away from 離開 2. return=come

4、 back/go back 返回3. have to =must必須 4. be able to=can 能夠 5. tie=hold two or more things together with a rope糸，捆，綁 6. breathe=take air into and send it out of your body呼吸 7. at the moment =now目前 8. more than =over超過 9. so that=in order that 以便 10.worry about sb.=be worried about sb.擔(dān)心某人四 重點句型1.。so tha

5、t 以便；為了 （引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句）(1) We will have to tie ourselves to our beds so that we wont float away in our sleep! 我們將不得不把自己綁在床上，以便我們睡覺時不會飄走。(2)He always gets up very early so that he can catch the first bus. 為了能趕上第一班車，他總是很早起床。2. asas sb. can 盡可能。(1) Im going to take many photos as I can, that is, if my camer

6、a still works up there.也就是說，如果我的照相機在太空中還能用的話。我將盡可能多拍些照片。(2) We should do as many things as we to protect the Earth.我們應(yīng)該盡量多做一些事情來保護地球。3. be able to do sth. 能夠做某事(1) There is no gravity in space, so well all be able to float around in the spaceship.太空里沒有地球引力，所以我們都將能夠漂浮在宇宙飛船里。(2) Im able to carry the b

7、ox by myself.我能夠自己搬這個箱子。4. It takes/took/will take sb. +some time +to do sth.(1) The Moon is around 380,000 kilometres from the Earth, so itll take us about four days to get there.月球距離地球380,000公里，所以我們將花四天的時間才能到那里。(2) It usually takes me two hours to do my homework every day.我通常每天花2個小時做作業(yè)。(3) It took

8、 Tom one hours to clean his room yesterday.湯姆昨天花了1個小時清潔他的房間。五 語法：一般將來時的用法一般將來時表示將來某個時間將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，或表示將來經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。常與tomorrow，next year，this Saturday, soon, in the future, in a moment等表示將來的時間狀語連用。（一）、含助動詞will的一般將來時 例如：1. He will have an important meeting tomorrow morning.2. I wont go swimming with

9、you this afternoon.3. - Will Lucy come to the party tomorrow? - Yes, she will.No, she wont總結(jié): 通過以上例句我們可以看出，含助動詞will的一般將來時的結(jié)構(gòu)如下：肯定句:主語+ will + do+其他否定句: 主語+ will + not + do+其他(will not可縮寫為wont)一般疑問句: Will+主語+do+其他肯定回答: Yes，主語+will；否定回答：No，主語+ wont（二）、be going to表示一般將來時 例如：1. He is going to visit his

10、grandfather next weekend.2. We arent going to fly to Beijing tomorrow because of the bad weather.3. - Are you going to have a picnic this Sunday? - Yes, we are.No, we arent.總結(jié)：通過以上例句我們可以看出，be going to表示一般將來時的結(jié)構(gòu)如下：肯定句：主語+amisare + going to+ do+其他否定句：主語+amisare not + going to +do+其他一般疑問句：AmIsAre+主語+go

11、ing to+ do+其他肯定回答：Yes，主語+amisare；否定回答： No，主語+amisare + not（三）注意 when 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句或 if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時，簡稱“主將從現(xiàn)”(四) there be句型的將來時形式 There will be There is gong to be Unit 5 Writing【寫作目標(biāo)】 假設(shè)你是班長，準(zhǔn)備組織班上同學(xué)這個周六到動物園玩。請你根據(jù)下表的提示，向同學(xué)們說明這次活動的安排，80詞左右。開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。8:00校門口集合8:009:00坐車9:0011:30在動物園（游玩、看動物、表

12、演）11:3012:30吃自己帶去的食物14:00動物園門口集合15:00學(xué)校門口解散回家【寫作步驟】審題：（一）本文是要求寫一篇外出活動安排，所以要注意講清楚時間、地點以及安排。（二）時態(tài)：以一般將來時為主。（三）書寫正文。把表格中所給的內(nèi)容提示組句成文，切不可遺漏要點，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。雖然是介紹一天的安排，但也要避免寫成流水賬，令讀者讀起來枯燥乏味。這樣，就需要我們運用一些句式和注意句與句的銜接。（四）檢查校對全文。特別注意提示中的要點是否齊全。聯(lián)想：寫作本篇作文可能需要的短語和句型 短語: meet at the school gate; arrive at; look at; watch;

13、 play games; go home 句式：，because. After we do，we do Before we do，we do組句成文This Saturday, we are going to visit the zoo. _ _ Hope we will have a good time!參考范文:This Saturday, we are going to visit the zoo. We are going to meet at the school gate at 8:00, and take a bus together. After an hours journe

14、y, we will arrive at the zoo. Then, we will have two and a half hours to visit the zoo. We can look at the animals, watch the shows and play games. At 11:30, we will get together again to eat the food we bring. We will meet at the gate of the zoo at 14:00 and take a bus again to go back to school. T

15、hen well go home. Hope we will have a good time!【一展身手】 假如你叫王清，你的英國筆友Jack來廣州玩，你將帶他參觀廣州塔，請你按以下要點給他寫封回信，告訴他你的安排。安排：1傍晚5點出發(fā)，大約6:00上塔； 2在塔上游玩、拍照； 3. 7:30下來，在塔下繼續(xù)拍照留念； 4. 大約9:00回到賓館。注意：1詞數(shù)：80詞左右。 2信的開頭和結(jié)尾已寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。 3書寫整潔規(guī)范。Dear Jack，I am very glad to receive your letter. You ask me about my plan to visit

16、 the Guangzhou Tower. Now I can tell you something about it. Im looking forward to your visit. Best wishes! Yours, Wang Qing Unit5 Visiting the Moon重點單詞: diary, space, spaceship, spacesuit, nervous, leave, gravity, able, float, tie, ourselves, without, weak, breathe, if, camera, work, garden, rock,

17、postcard, machine, return.重點短語more than, be able to, have to, so that, take photos, asas, that is, such as. 課文重點句子解析 Reading1.How will Jerry travel? How may Jerry feel about the trip? travel, trip, journey的用法辨析: 三者區(qū)別如下 1). travel 泛指一般意義的旅行是不可數(shù)名詞。 如 He is fond of travel (= travelling). 他喜歡旅行。 Travel

18、is much cheaper than it used to be. 現(xiàn)在旅行比過去便宜多了。 注有時可用復(fù)數(shù)形式主要指時間較長的各處旅行此時通常有物主代詞修飾但是盡管用了復(fù)數(shù)形式卻不能與 many 或數(shù)詞連用。 如 Hes gone off on his travels again. 他又外出旅行了。 另外travel 通常只是泛指旅行而不特指某次具體的旅行所以通常不說How was your travel? 2). journey 通常指遠(yuǎn)距離的陸地旅行并且不一定要返回到出發(fā)地(即通常指單程)。如 I wish you a pleasant journey. 祝你一路順風(fēng)。 He mad

19、e a journey to Beijing. 他去北京旅行了。 注journey 有時并不指真正意義的“旅行”而只是表示走過一段距離。 如How long is your journey to work? 你上班要走多遠(yuǎn)? 3). trip 通常指近距離的為了辦事或消遣而進行旅行并且往往要回到出發(fā)點(即指雙程)不過有時 trip 也可指遠(yuǎn)距離的長途旅行可與 journey 換用比 journey 更通俗。 如AWhere is John? 約翰在哪里? BHes on a trip to Shanghai. 他去上海旅行了。 Hell make a round-the-world trip.

20、 他將周游世界。 2.There can be more than one answer. more than= over 超過 3. Tomorrow Ill be one of the first students to travel into the space. one of the first students .的其中之一 , 此機構(gòu)中的中心名詞要用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。 如He is one of the top students. 他是尖子生之一。 space, place, room的用法區(qū)別 三者均可表示“空地”、“空間”區(qū)別如下： 1). 泛指一般意義的“空地”或“空間”spa

21、ce 和 room 均可以用但前者根據(jù)情況可用作可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞而后者通常只用作不可數(shù)名詞。 如The large table takes up too much space room. 這張大桌子太占地方了。 There isnt enough space room for all our luggage. 沒有足夠的地方可以放我們的行李。 Here is an empty place, put the box here. 這里有個空地方把箱子放在這里吧。 注place 表示“太空”、“宇宙”是不可數(shù)名詞而 room 表示“房間”是可數(shù)名詞。 He was staring into spac

22、e. 他極目遠(yuǎn)眺。 This is one of the largest rooms here. 這是這里最大的房間之一。 2). place 表示“空地”其含義通常比較具體且往往指座位有時與 seat 同義。如 Well try to get places (=seats) at the front of the hall. 我們要設(shè)法弄到大廳前面的座位。 There are only two places (=seats) left for tonight. 今晚只剩兩個座位。 AIs there any room space in the boat? 船上有空處嗎? BYes, that

23、 place in the corner is empty. 在那邊角落里還有個空位。 4.The spaceship will leave the Earth at 9 a.m. “l(fā)eave+地點”表示“離開某地”。例如 When did you leave Shanghai? -你什么時候離開上海的 “l(fā)eave for+地點”表示“動身去某地”。例如 Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五愛麗斯要去倫敦了。 “l(fā)eave+地點+for+地點”表示“離開某地去某地”。例如 Why are you leaving Shanghai for

24、 Beijing? 你為什么要離開上海去北京 5.It will take us to the Moon. take. to. 帶.去. 6.The Moon is around 380,000 kilometers from the Earth ,so itll take us about four days to get there. around = about 大約 it take sb. some time to do sth. =sb spend some time doing sth. / on sth. 某人花了多長時間做某事it 在此句型中作形式主語動詞不定式為真正的主語如

25、It will take him an hour to finish all his homework. = He will spend an hour finishing/on all his homework. 完成所有的家庭作業(yè)將花費他一個小時。 get to , arrive , reach 的用法 三者均可表示“到達(dá)”區(qū)別如下 arrive 和 get 都是不及物動詞前者較正式后者則較口語化。兩者之后均不可接賓語但可接 here, there, home 之類的表地點的副詞作狀語。如 What time does the train arrive? 火車什么時候到? We got a

26、rrived here last night. 我們昨晚到這兒。 要表示“到達(dá)某地”需借助適當(dāng)介詞 1. arrive 之后通常接介詞 at (一般用于較小的地方)或 in (一般用于較大的地方)。如 We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我們到車站晚了 5 分鐘。 They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他們將于下周星期一到達(dá)巴黎。 1. get 之后通常接介詞 to。如When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我們到達(dá)公園時就開始下雨了。 在談到火車、汽車等

27、或乘客等到站時通常用 get in。如 The bus gets in at five thirty. 汽車五點半到站。 reach 通常是及物動詞(較 get 更正式)其后可直接跟地點名詞作賓語(不能用介詞)。如 He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到達(dá)北京。 注reach 之后也可接 here, there, home 等詞。如 When did he reach home yesterday? 昨天他什么時候到家? 順便說一句reach 除可表示到達(dá)某地外還用于其它意義的到達(dá)。如 Your letter reached me last week. 我是上周收

28、到你的信的。 He has reached school age. 他已達(dá)到上學(xué)年齡。 You can guess it when you reach the end of the chapter. 當(dāng)你讀到這末尾時你就可以猜到了。 7.There is no gravity in space. There be 句型be動詞的形式根據(jù)其后所跟名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)遵循主謂一致的原則如 There is 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞 There is an apple on the table. There is some water in the bottle. There are 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù) The

29、re are two apples on the chair. 8. So we will all be able to float around in the spaceship. 比較: be able to與 can 1can表示能力可能 (過去時用could), 只用于現(xiàn)在式和過去式(could)。 be able to可以用于各種時態(tài)。 They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告訴你消息了。 2只用be able to a. 位于助動詞后, b. 情態(tài)動詞后, c. 表示過去某時刻動作時, d. 用于句首表示條件, e. 表

30、示成功地做了某事時只能用was/were able to 不能用could。 He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. = He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out. 9.-Well have to tie ourselves to our beds so that we wont float away in our sleep! must和have to用法比較講解: 1must表示“必須”“應(yīng)該”。否定式must not(mustnt)表示“不應(yīng)該”“禁止”等。在回答

31、帶有must的問句時否定式常用need not(neednt)或dont have to 表示“不必”而不用must not (mustnt)。 The work must be finished as soon as possible.這件工作必須盡快完成。 You mustnt speak like that.你不能那樣說話。 Must I be home before eight oclock? 8點之前我必須回家嗎 Yes, you must./No, you neednt./No, you dont have to. 是的必須回家。/不不必了。 2must表推測 一般只用于肯定句中譯

32、成漢語“一定”“必定”。 There must be some mistakes.肯定有一些錯誤。 You must be very tired.你一定很累了。 如果表示對過去事情的推測就用must+完成時。 You must have left your umbrella in the theatre.你一定把雨傘丟在劇院里了。 His car is still here. He must have gone by bus.他的車還在這里他一定乘公共汽車走了。 當(dāng)must表推測之意時其否定形式常用can not而不用must not。 He cant have been to your ho

33、me. He doesnt know your address.他不可能到過你家因為他不知道你的住址。 What can he be doing at this time of night?夜晚都到這個時候了他究竟在干什么呢?3must表必然性 You must catch cold if you dont put on more clothes.如果你不多穿些衣服必然感冒。 All men must die.人固有一死。 Truth must be out.真相總會大白。 4have to表示“必須”“不得不”在這個意義上與must很接近但must表示的是說話人的主觀看法而have to 表

34、示的卻是客觀需要。 I have to go now.我得走了?？陀^需要 I must go now.我必須走。主觀看法 You have to work hard to make a living.為了謀生你就得努力工作?？陀^需要 You must do what I tell you.你必須按照我告訴你的去做。主觀要求 5have to 有更多的時態(tài)形式現(xiàn)在時過去時將來時等而must只有現(xiàn)在時形式。 We had to be there at 8.我們得8點到那里。 I shall have to go to school tomorrow.明天我得去上學(xué)了。so that 以便引導(dǎo)目的狀

35、語從句 I get up early today so that I can catch the first bus to work. 我今天早起以便能趕上去上班的頭班車。 10.Without gravity, our bodies may get weak,so well have to do exercises every day. Without gravity=If there is no gravity, our bodies may get weak. 如果沒有萬有引力我們的身體將變得很虛弱。 11.Ill have to wear a spacesuit to help me

36、breathe because theres no air on the Moon. wear, dress, dress up, in, put on的用法小結(jié): 都含有“穿、戴”之意但用法不同。 wear “穿著戴著”表示狀態(tài)賓語可以是衣帽也可以是飾物、獎?wù)碌?。例如：Youd better wear blue or black pants with blown shoes. 穿棕色鞋子的時候, 最好要穿藍(lán)色或黑色褲子。 Why does he often wear dark sunglasses? 他為什么經(jīng)常戴著深色的太陽鏡 dress的賓語通常是人意思是“給穿衣服”。dress one

37、self 或 get dressed表示給自己 穿衣服。例如： My son is now able to dress himself. 我兒子現(xiàn)在自己會穿衣服了。 Its time to wake up and get dressed! 該起床穿衣服了。 dress up的意思是“盛裝打扮、喬裝打扮”。 例如：Id like you to dress up for my birthday party tonight. 今晚我希望你為我的生日派對打扮打扮。 Young kids often dress up and have fun at Halloween. 萬圣節(jié)前夜，小孩子通常都喬裝打扮

38、玩得很開心。 in是介詞后接表示衣服或顏色的詞著重于服裝的款式或顏色。它所構(gòu)成的短語只能 作表語或定語。例如：This is a picture of a young man in a black coat. 這是一張穿著黑色外套的年輕人的照片。這里in a black coat是young man的定語。 He is in a black nylon jacket today. 今天他穿著黑色尼龍夾克。 In a black nylon jacket在這個句子里作表語。 put on “穿上、戴上”強調(diào)“穿”“戴”的動作后接衣服、鞋帽等。例如：I want you to put on thi

39、s coat and this hat. 我要你穿這件外套戴這頂帽子。 Put on your heavy winter coat if you are going out. 如果你要出去穿上你的厚冬衣。 help sb. (to) do =help sb. with sth.幫助某人做某事 breath (n.) 呼吸 相關(guān)短語deep breath深呼吸 take a deep breath深呼吸 out of breath喘不過氣來上氣不接下氣 。用法：His breath was steadied in his sleep. 睡著之后他的呼吸變得均勻平緩了。 breathe (v.)

40、相關(guān)短語 breathe in吸入 breathe out呼出breathe freely透氣安心 breathe deeply深呼吸 12.Im going to take as many photos as I can, that is , if my camera still works up there. as many photos as I can = as many photos as possible 盡可能多的照片 that is= thats to say=It means.也就是說.一般將來時1用be doing表示將來：主要意義是表示按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動作，常用于位

41、置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞。 如：go，come，leave，arrive等，也可用于其他動作動詞。 We are having fish for dinner. We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow. 這種用法通常帶有表示將來的時間狀語，如果不帶時間狀語，則根據(jù)上下文可表示最近即將發(fā)生的動作。 A: Where are you going? B: I am going for a walk. Are you coming with me? A: Yes，I am just coming. Wait for me.2用be goi

42、ng to do表示將來：主要意義，一是表示“意圖”，即打算在最近的將來或?qū)磉M行某事。Are you going to post that letter? How long is he going to stay here? I am going to book a ticket. 另一意義是表示“預(yù)見”，即現(xiàn)在已有跡象表明將要發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生某種情況。 Its going to rain. George is putting on weight; he is going to be quite fat.3. 用will/ shall do表示將來： 一是表示預(yù)見 You will feel

43、better after taking this medicine. Do you think it will rain? 二是表示意圖. I will not lend the book to you. Take it easy，I will not do it any longer. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：She will come to have class tomorrow. Will she come to have class tomorrow? She wont come to have class tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow?一般將來時練習(xí)一、用

44、所給動詞的一般將來時填空1. I _（leave）in a minute. I _（finish）all my work before I _ （leave）.2. How long _ you _（study）in our country?I _（plan）to be here for about one more year.I _（hope）to visit the other parts of your country.What _ you _（do）after you _（leave）here?I _（return）home and _（get）a job.3. I _（be）tire

45、d. I _（go）to bed early tonight.4. Marys birthday is next Monday, her mother _（give）her a present.5. It is very cold these days. It _（snow）soon.6. _ you _（be）here this Saturday?No. I _（visit）my teacher.7. _ I _（get）you a copy of todays newspaper?Thank you.8. I am afraid there _（be）a meeting this afte

46、rnoon. I cant join you.9. Mike _（believe, not）this until he _（see）it with his own eyes.10. Most of us dont think their team _（win）.二、單項選擇1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be2. Charlie _ here next month. A. isnt working B.

47、 doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be5. _ you _ free tomorrow?

48、No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; willB. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will beD. Are; going to be; will be6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? _. （不，不要。） A. No, you wont B. No

49、, you arent. C. No, please dont D. No, please.8. Where is the morning paper? I _ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get9. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are10. If they come, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D.