汽車離合器外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯、中英文翻譯

1、 附錄AStick to the car, clutch is an important component of the auto power system, it bears will power and the engine cut and connection between the work. In urban road sections or complex, our most frequently used clutch became one of the components, and clutch, use directly reflects the driving of l

2、evel, but also reflects the good protection for vehicles. Used correctly, principle of clutch clutch in special circumstances using clutch to solve problems, each block is driving the car manual should master enthusiasm.So-called clutch, just as its name implies is using from and close to deliver th

3、e amount of power. By friction clutch, shrapnal, pressure plate and dynamic output shaft, decorate in the engine and transmission between, used to be the flywheel storage engine torque to gearbox, ensure vehicles in different driving conditions apply to drive wheels, belong to the driving force and

4、torque powertrain category. In half the time of the clutch, linkage power input and output power is allowed, namely through rotational speed to realize the amount of power transmission.The clutch is divided into three working condition, not on the clutch type on the part of the clutch, under half st

5、ep down, and the type of clutch type. When the vehicle in normal operation, the pressure plate is tightly packed on the friction of friction, pressure plate and the friction between the biggest slice, input shaft and the output shaft remains relatively static friction between both speed and in the s

6、ame. When the vehicle, the driver started on the clutch pedal, clutch platen movement by pulling back, also is the pressure plate and friction slices, pressure plate and the separation of the flywheel no contact will not exist relatively friction.Finally, also is a type of clutch. At this time, the

7、pressure plate and the friction in small type. Clutch disc friction slices with flywheel is sliding friction between state. The flywheel speed than the output shaft speed, the power transmission from the flywheel part to the gearbox. This engine and driving wheel is equivalent to a soft connection b

8、etween state.Generally speaking, the clutch is started and shift in vehicles, at the time of transmission shaft and a second shaft rotation difference exists between the power of the engine, must be with a shaft cut, can be very good synchronizer will keep a shaft speed and synchronous, block into l

9、ater, again with a shaft through clutch of engine power, power continue to transmit.In the clutch, and an indispensable buffering device, it consists of two similar to the flywheel disc disc playing together, in rectangular groove is decorated in the slots in the spring, the impact of fierce encount

10、er between the two disks, spring, mutual happen elastic cushion external stimuli. Effective protection of engine and clutch. In all parts of the clutch platen, intensity of spring, the friction coefficient, clutch friction, diameter and clutch position number is the key factor decision clutch perfor

11、mance, the stiffness of hydropneumatic spring, the friction coefficient is higher, the diameter of the clutch, clutch performance is better.When beginning to have time, to ensure the linkage of half started smoothly. Sit novice car have such experience, or remove, or started a quiver yishan, these a

12、re not good skills and linkage. The car at the start of the second shaft, gearbox, when we are still hang a block, need on the clutch, a transmission axis and power, through the synchronizer hang a block, a shaft also become motionless. Power is out from the flywheel, there must be a rotating shaft

13、with great speed, which is why started to half of requirements than the shift much when the main reason, clutch before a stationary components, a movement.So the speed of the poor by half linkage to digest must, is at the beginning of the power transmission shaft, and give a part of the vehicle to a

14、 smooth start posture, once the vehicle, speed difference will become small, at this time will clutch, there wont be fully up the impact.Start to higher ramps and linkage skills. Half the speed and the engine can be digested linkage between the wheel speed difference, i.e., the power can be passed t

15、o the wheel, but not running wheel, which often occurred in the ramp. General for driving technology not skilled driver, start up the ramp when handbrake, then let the clutch is linkage, panasonic, vehicle handbrake stationary car after disaster prevention, slip. The gravity of the slide backwards a

16、nd vehicle by the engine is the power to provide against, and clutch is responsible for eliminating the speed difference exists here.Vehicles in this kind of circumstance, the driver can easily start, continue to trample accelerator pedal to obtain enough to further improve speed of torsion, vehicle

17、 goes up the slope. Now the skills required for half a linkage, if half linkage too weak, might efforts in the open hand brake when slide backwards, easy to cause the vehicles panic, if half of a joint efforts, easy is accelerating and hit limber fast-drawing. So for beginners, can let the engine sp

18、eed slightly tall, and the greater half linkage, make vehicles have a walk when the trend, and loosen the handbrake.When will the novice driving some mistakes on the use of the clutch. As a novice, due to driving technology, it will be difficult to unskilled oil from good coordination, resulting in

19、use when the clutch of some beneath the clutch, and these operating methods are also appeared in the half of time.Avoid clutch at half time state can effectively protect the linkage of clutch. Some of the novice just when due to stress, oil from bad cooperation and started out in the car, then remov

20、e and clutch shot big throttle pressure very low, but also dont lift realize all along, the linkage of engine speed and a shaft rotational speed of the huge, and vehicle speed is slowly started, the great speed of all poor by clutch linkage, this is very destroyed digestion. Clutch, In order to avoi

21、d using the ramp frequent trample brake, so half feet in half the speed KongZhiChe linkage to, or a clutch. FrowstyThe whole process of sliding friction clutch occurs, the long time of sliding friction will damage the clutch. Driving on the left foot in general like the clutch not consciously, resul

22、ting in the clutch pedal under pressure for a long time, the vehicles at half linkage. All of these operations can accelerate the clutch disc wear, the dynamic performance and fuel economy of vehicle can cause damage.The clutch is a frequent automobile parts of the friction over time, it will be inc

23、reased frequency of use and wear, and can produce clutch skid phenomenon. For experienced pilots can be found, such as advance whether we can judge the clutch in situ skidding car when a block, then hang soonly, and then slowly lift clutch brake up until completely, if the clutch lift, engine flameo

24、ut this proof of your clutch not sliding, anyway if the clutch is completely lift and car is not leaving the clutch is proof that you.There is in start when suddenly felt clutch position, also the clutch, another is the precursor of sliding speed in urgent when we just feel engine speed in rising, a

25、nd speed, but not all of these conditions are signs of sliding clutch. When the clutch when we want to wear or skid timely inspection, replacement, otherwise will make the engine output power can effectively to the output shaft, but will power loss in the clutch plate and the sliding friction betwee

26、n the flywheel, and the friction between energy consume, for it will cause power transmission, also dues increase the cost of oil transport.附錄B對于手動擋的車型而言，離合器是汽車動力系統(tǒng)的重要部件，它擔(dān)負(fù)著將動力與發(fā)動機之間進(jìn)行切斷與連接的工作。在城市道路或者復(fù)雜路段駕駛時，離合器成了我們最頻繁使用的部件之一，而離合器運用的好壞，直接體現(xiàn)了駕駛水平的高低，也體現(xiàn)了對于車輛保護(hù)的好壞。正確使用離合器，掌握離合器的原理以在特殊情況下利用離合器來解決問題，是每

27、個駕駛手動擋車型的車友應(yīng)該掌握的。所謂離合器，顧名思義就是說利用“離”與“合”來傳遞適量的動力。離合器由摩擦片，彈簧片，壓盤以及動力輸出軸組成，布置在發(fā)動機與變速箱之間，用來將發(fā)動機飛輪上儲存的力矩傳遞給變速箱，保證車輛在不同的行駛狀況下傳遞給驅(qū)動輪適量的驅(qū)動力和扭矩，屬于動力總成的范疇。在半聯(lián)動的時候，離合器的動力輸入端與動力輸出端允許有轉(zhuǎn)速差，也就是通過其轉(zhuǎn)速差來實現(xiàn)傳遞適量的動力。離合器分為三個工作狀態(tài)，即不踩下離合器的全連動，部分踩下離合器的半連動，以及踩下離合器的不連動。當(dāng)車輛在正常行駛時，壓盤是緊緊擠靠在飛輪的摩擦片上的，此時壓盤與摩擦片之間的摩擦力最大，輸入軸和輸出軸之間保持相對

28、靜摩擦，二者轉(zhuǎn)速相同。當(dāng)車輛起步時，司機踩下離合器，離合器踏板的運動拉動壓盤向后靠，也就是壓盤與摩擦片分離，此時壓盤與飛輪完全不接觸，也就不存在相對摩擦。最后一種，也就是離合器的半連動狀態(tài)。此時，壓盤與摩擦片的摩擦力小于全連動狀態(tài)。離合器壓盤與飛輪上的摩擦片之間是滑動摩擦狀態(tài)。飛輪的轉(zhuǎn)速大于輸出軸的轉(zhuǎn)速，從飛輪傳輸出來的動力部分傳遞給變速箱。此時發(fā)動機與驅(qū)動輪之間相當(dāng)于一種軟連接狀態(tài)。一般來說，離合器是在車輛起步和換擋的時候發(fā)揮作用，此時變速箱的一軸和二軸之間存在轉(zhuǎn)速差，必須將發(fā)動機的動力與一軸切開以后，同步器才能很好的將一軸的轉(zhuǎn)速保持與二軸同步，擋位掛進(jìn)以后，再通過離合器將一軸與發(fā)動機動力結(jié)

29、合，使動力繼續(xù)得以傳輸。在離合器中，還有一個不可或缺的緩沖裝置，它由兩個類似于飛輪的圓盤對在一起，在圓盤上打有矩形凹槽，在凹槽內(nèi)布置彈簧，在遇到激烈的沖擊時，兩個圓盤之間的彈簧相互發(fā)生彈性作用，緩沖外界刺激。有效的保護(hù)了發(fā)動機和離合器。在離合器的各個配件中，壓盤彈簧的強度，摩擦片的摩擦系數(shù)，離合器直徑，摩擦片位置以及離合器數(shù)目就是決定離合器性能的關(guān)鍵因素，彈簧的剛度越大，摩擦片的摩擦系數(shù)越高，離合器的直徑越大，離合器性能也就越好。起步時需要有一定的半聯(lián)動時間，以保證起步的平順。坐新手開的車都有這樣的體會，要么起步時熄火，要么是一顫一顫出去的，這些都是半聯(lián)動技巧沒有掌握好的表現(xiàn)。汽車在起步的時候

30、，變速箱的二軸是靜止的，當(dāng)我們掛一擋以前，需要踩下離合器，此時變速箱的一軸與動力分開，通過同步器掛上一擋以后，一軸也同樣變?yōu)殪o止。動力從飛輪出來是有一定轉(zhuǎn)速的，此時與一軸存在巨大的轉(zhuǎn)速差，這也就是為何起步時對于半聯(lián)動的要求要比換擋時高得多的主要原因，離合器的前后部件一個靜止一個運動。這樣的轉(zhuǎn)速差必須由半聯(lián)動來消化，也就是動力開始的時候部分傳遞給一軸，使車輛能以較平穩(wěn)的姿態(tài)起步，一旦車輛行駛起來，轉(zhuǎn)速差就會變得很小，此時將離合器完全抬起，就不會有沖擊了。坡道起步需要較高的半聯(lián)動技巧。半聯(lián)動可以消化發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)速與車輪之間的轉(zhuǎn)速差，也就是說可以有在動力已經(jīng)傳遞到車輪上，但車輪并不運轉(zhuǎn)的情況出現(xiàn)，這種情況常常發(fā)生在坡道。一般對于駕駛技術(shù)不熟練的駕駛員而言，在坡道起步時會拉起手剎，然后讓離合器處于半聯(lián)動狀態(tài)，松下手剎，車輛保持靜止，防溜車殃及后車。而車輛向后滑行的重力是由發(fā)動機提供的動力來