虛擬語氣用法講解PPT課件

1、英語中的三種語氣陳述語氣：用于陳述事實(shí)。祈使語氣：用于提出請求、命令等。虛擬語氣：表示說話人說的不是事實(shí)而是一種假設(shè)、猜想等。表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等。第1頁/共36頁一.虛擬語氣在條件從句中的用法 條件句有兩類，一類是真實(shí)條件句，一類是虛擬條件句。（1）真實(shí)條件句：假設(shè)的情況是有可能發(fā)生的。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.（2）虛擬條件句：假設(shè)的情況是過去或現(xiàn)在都不存在的，或?qū)矶疾豢赡馨l(fā)生的。If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about

2、 it.第2頁/共36頁1.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反從句-過去式(be通常用were)，主句-should (would, could, might)+動(dòng)詞原形”：If I knew her number I could ring her up. If he were free, he would help us. Should用于第一三人稱would表示結(jié)果，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允許或可能性 第3頁/共36頁If I had a lot of money I would buy a villa.第4頁/共36頁1.如果我是只鳥，我就能在天上飛了。 I f I were a bir

3、d, I could fly in the sky.2.If I _(有) a knife，I _(就殺了) you。hadwould kill第5頁/共36頁2.與將來事實(shí)相反或?qū)淼脑竿茰y從句-did /should +do /were to do主句-should/ would/ could/ might +do 第6頁/共36頁If he got up early, he would be on time.第7頁/共36頁3、與過去事實(shí)相反從句had done主句should/ would/ could/ might +have done第8頁/共36頁If he _ more ca

4、refully, he _ the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had 第9頁/共36頁虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法總結(jié)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)If 從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去未來did / werewould/could/should/might +V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1. did / were2. should do3. were to dowould/could/should/might + V.(原)had done第10頁/共36頁二：二： 交叉虛擬交叉虛擬 主

5、從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不主從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不同時(shí)，按時(shí)間來確定虛擬形式。同時(shí)，按時(shí)間來確定虛擬形式。If the weather had been better, the crops would be growing still better.第11頁/共36頁If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.Were it not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.第12頁/共36頁當(dāng)If條件句中有were, ha

6、d, should這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可將If省略，從而將這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞放到句首。第13頁/共36頁without和和but for 構(gòu)成虛擬。構(gòu)成虛擬。(but for要不是要不是)Without sunlight, peoples life would be difficult .But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work.第14頁/共36頁 otherwise, or, or else等的虛擬用等的虛擬用法法 She wasnt feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldnt have left th

7、e meeting so early.第15頁/共36頁高考鏈接：Jack cant have arrived yet, otherwise he _ me. A.would phoned B. phonedC. would have phoned D. had phoned第16頁/共36頁三、虛擬語氣在名詞從句中的用法 A.用于賓語從句1. wish + 賓語從句現(xiàn)在：過去：將來：過去時(shí) (did/were)過去完成時(shí) (had done)would/could/might/should+V. 第17頁/共36頁2. would rather -現(xiàn)在：過去：未來： I would rath

8、er you paid me now. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) I would rather you had gone, too. (過去過去) Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未來未來)過去時(shí)過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)第18頁/共36頁Would/had rather (not) have done sth寧愿過去（沒）做了某事第19頁/共36頁一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist兩個(gè)命令：order, command三個(gè)建議：advise, suggest, propose四個(gè)要求：demand, require, request, desire 從句謂語動(dòng)詞使用

9、從句謂語動(dòng)詞使用“（should）+V原形原形”第20頁/共36頁He suggested that we (should) go home at once.如果suggest表示“暗示，表明”、insist表示“堅(jiān)持說/認(rèn)為”時(shí)，從句用陳述語氣。第21頁/共36頁主句的主語如果是表示說話人的愿望（wish/desire）建議（suggestion/advice/proposal）要求（requirement/demand）命令（order/command）等名詞，表語從句謂語動(dòng)詞用“（should）+V原形”第22頁/共36頁Our suggestion is that you (shoul

10、d) be there on time.第23頁/共36頁虛擬語氣在同位語從句中的使用如果同位語從句所修飾的名詞是表示說話人的愿望，建議，要求，命令等名詞時(shí)。從句謂語動(dòng)詞用“（should）+V原形”第24頁/共36頁The suggestion that students (should) learn something practical is worth considering.第25頁/共36頁在句型“Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important/vital + that ”從句的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即使用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形 虛擬語氣在主語從句

11、中的使用虛擬語氣在主語從句中的使用第26頁/共36頁Its necessary that we should have a walk now.第27頁/共36頁考題點(diǎn)擊：1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination?A. took B. have to take C. must take D. takeD1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.1. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can tryA第28頁/共36頁在as if/ though引導(dǎo)的從

12、句中，若表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，用一般過去時(shí)，與過去事實(shí)相反，用過去完成時(shí)。虛擬語氣在as if/ though從句中的使用第29頁/共36頁She looked after the boy as if he were her own son.第30頁/共36頁用于用于If only 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句引導(dǎo)的感嘆句 （用法同（用法同wish）if only 通常獨(dú)立使用，沒有主通常獨(dú)立使用，沒有主句。句。 第31頁/共36頁If only I were rich. If only I had listened to my parents! If only she would go with me! 第32頁/共36頁在句型“Its amazing/ strange/ surprising/ astonishing/ a shame that”以及“Im surprised,