8Bunit4知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、8B Unit 4 知識(shí)點(diǎn)講義read n. 讀物 reader n. 讀者 read v. (read-read-read)a good read 一本好的讀物 an interesting read 一本有趣的讀物 some good reads 一些好的讀物 do some reading 閱讀cooking n. 烹飪，烹調(diào) cook v. 煮 n. 廚師 cooker n. 廚具do some cooking 烹飪novel (novels) n. 長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō) story (stories) n. 短篇故事writing novels 寫小說(shuō)Germany n. 德國(guó) German n

2、. 德國(guó)人 adj. 德國(guó)的in Germany Einstein was born in Germany.an German many Germans an Germany carknowledge n. 知識(shí) 【U】 know-knowledgeKnowledge is power. 知識(shí)就是力量。much knowledge 許多知識(shí)spare adj. 空閑的；多余的in ones spare time=in ones free time 在某人的空余時(shí)間Do you have a spare ticket? 你有多余的票嗎？French adj. 法國(guó)的 Frenchman n. 法

3、國(guó)人（Frenchmen） France n. 法國(guó)in France 在法國(guó) come/be from France 來(lái)自法國(guó)Hugo （雨果） was a French writer.writer n.作家，作者 writing n. 寫作a piece of writing 一篇寫作Mo Yan is one of the most famous writers in the world.ugly adj. 丑陋的 (uglier ugliest) 反義詞：beautiful/good-looking/prettyQuasimodo(卡西莫多) was an ugly man, but

4、he was very kind.He looks ugly.touch vt. 感動(dòng)，觸動(dòng)，觸摸Dont touch tigers.不要摸老虎。His story touched me. 他的故事感動(dòng)了我。keep in touch with 與保持聯(lián)系 11. against prep. hitting something 緊靠，碰，撞The ship crashed against the rocks. 船觸礁了。The desk is against the wall. 桌子靠墻放著。Im against his idea. 我反對(duì)他的意見(jiàn)。be against 反對(duì) break th

5、e law do something against the law 違反法律12. be tired out very tired 筋疲力盡You must be tired out after a hard days work. 一天辛苦工作之后，你一定累壞了。be tired of 厭煩 Im tired of the weather there. 我厭倦那兒的天氣。 13. tie v. hold things together with ropes 捆，綁 tie tyingtie sth to Look. He is tying the horse to the tree 看！他正

6、將馬栓在樹(shù)上。14. over prep. 從一邊到另一邊 jump over the chair 跳過(guò)椅子15. stomach n. 腹部；胃 stomachsSheep have four stomachs. 羊有四個(gè)胃。have a stomachache 胃痛16. until 直到為止 tillI will wait until the rain stops. 我將等到雨停。I did my homework till nine yeaterday evening. 我昨晚做作業(yè)一直做到九點(diǎn)。notuntil 直到才I wont leave here until the rain

7、stops. 我將直到雨停才離開(kāi)這兒。He didnt go to bed until the TV play was over yesterday. 昨天直到電視劇結(jié)束，他才睡覺(jué)。He went to bed after the TV play was over yesterday.Dont get off the bus until it stops/ has stopped. 車停了在下車。17. finger n. 手指golden finger 金手指 king finger 無(wú)名指18. tiny adj. very small 極小的 tinier tiniestThe livi

8、ng room is tiny. 客廳極小。a tiny person 一個(gè)小人19. fall over 摔倒Mrs White fell over and hurt her leg yesterday. 昨天懷特夫人摔倒了并傷了腿。fall off the bike / fall down from the bike 從自行車上摔下來(lái)fall ill 病倒 fall asleep 入睡 He fell ill last week. 上周他病倒了。 He has been ill since last week. 自從上周起他就病了。20. continue v. keep doing so

9、mething 繼續(xù)continue his study 繼續(xù)他的學(xué)業(yè)continue doing sth continue to do sth He fell over, but soon got up again and continued running as fast as he could.他跌倒了，然而又很快站起來(lái)，繼續(xù)盡力向遠(yuǎn)處跑去。21. either 也He is a doctor too. (改為否定句)He isnt a doctor either.If you dont go there tomorrow, I wont go either. 如果明天你不去那兒，我也不

10、去。either 兩者之中任一個(gè)的；兩者之中任一個(gè)，隨便哪一個(gè)There are trees on either / each side of the street. There are trees on both side of the street. 街道兩邊有樹(shù)。What would you like, tea or coffee?Either. I dont mind.22. manage (finish what you have tried to do) 設(shè)法完成，管理 manager 經(jīng)理 manage to do sth.設(shè)法完成做某事 manage to break the

11、rope 設(shè)法將繩子弄斷How did you manage to go home? 你是如何設(shè)法回家的？manage a company 管理一家公司23. lift vt. 舉起，抬高， 提高 lift my hands into the air 把我的手舉起放在空氣里n. 電梯 go up and down by lift in a lift 乘電梯上下樓 get intoout of a lift 進(jìn)出電梯24. army 大批， 大群a huge army of tiny people 一大群小人An army of bees are flying around. 一群蜜蜂到處飛著。

12、25. must 應(yīng)該， 必須， 一定 must 必須 比較have to和must 1) 兩詞都是必須的意思，have to 表示客觀的需要， must 表示說(shuō)話人主觀上的看法，既主觀上的必要。 My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。(客觀上需要做這件事) He said that they must work hard. 他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事） 2) have to有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種

13、形式。但must 可用于間接引語(yǔ)中表示過(guò)去的必要或義務(wù)。 He had to look after his sister yesterday. 3） 在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中： dont have to 表示不必 mustnt 表示禁止， You dont have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告訴他。 You mustnt tell him about it. 你一定不要把這件事告訴他。 must 一定1) must用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測(cè)，意為一定。2) must表對(duì)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí)， must 后面通常接系動(dòng)詞be 的原形或行為動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行式。

14、 You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)判斷） 否定推測(cè)用cant “肯定不” If Tom didnt leave here until five oclock, he cant be home yet.如果湯姆五點(diǎn)才離開(kāi)這兒，他此時(shí)一定還未到家。 may 可能He may be still waiting at the school gate. I am not sure.他可能還在校門口等。我不能確定。26. unable 不能的， 不會(huì)的 反 able be unable able

15、to do 沒(méi)有能力做某事I am unable to help you. I know little about it. 我沒(méi)能力幫助你，我對(duì)它了解很少。27. shoulder 肩膀 on ones shoulder 在某人的肩上shoulder by shoulder 肩并肩 side by side 肩并肩地； 一起 hand in hand手拉手28. hand 交， 遞， 給hand in 上交， 遞交 hand it them in The paper is very important. You must hand it in now. 這份試卷很重要，你必須現(xiàn)在把它交上來(lái)29

16、. and so on 等等She spends her day doing housework, watching television, reading, and so on. 她以做家務(wù)、看電視、看書(shū)等等度過(guò)一天。30. review n. 評(píng)論 the reviews about the book書(shū)評(píng) the reviews about the film 影評(píng)31. return vt. 歸還 give sth back to Return it back to me tomorrow, will you? 明天還給我好嗎？ 32. on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) 按時(shí)arrive at sch

17、ool on time準(zhǔn)時(shí)到校 hand in ones homework on time按時(shí)交作業(yè)33. renew vt. 續(xù)借；更新；重新開(kāi)始renew booksa gamethe website 續(xù)借書(shū)重新開(kāi)始游戲更新網(wǎng)站34. series n.一系列；系列節(jié)目TV series電視劇 The book is made up of a series of stories.這本書(shū)由一系列的故事組成。35. publish vt.出版 publish books and magazines出版書(shū)和雜志 all the publishing houses所有的出版社36. refuse

18、vt.拒絕；回絕 She refused their invitation.她拒絕了他們的邀請(qǐng)。refuse to do sth. He refused to change his idea.他拒絕改變主意。37. so far 到目前為止 We have learned three units so farby now. 目前我們學(xué)了三個(gè)單元。38. success n.成功 As a writer, he is a success.他是個(gè)成功的作家。Wish everyone a great success.祝大家取得巨大的成功。successful adj. be successful

19、in doing sth.=do sth. successfully成功地做某事 He is successful in swimming across the river.他成功地游過(guò)了河。39. translate vt. 翻譯 translate the letter into English把這封信翻譯成英文40. sales n.銷售量 on sale在出售 for sale供出售 Our sales go up by 5% every year.我們的銷售額每年上升5%。41. copy n. 一本（份，冊(cè)）；副本 a copy of magazine copy others an

20、swers抄襲別人的答案42. Canadian adj. 加拿大（人）的 Canadian English 加拿大英語(yǔ) Canadian footbal加拿大式足球43. at a time每次，依次 one at a time44. online adv. 在線， 聯(lián)網(wǎng)How do you watch a film? Online.45. sail vt. & vi. 航行sail to New Zealand sail in the sea46. hidden adj. 隱藏的hidden danger hidden trouble隱患47. confidence n. 信心 with confidence 滿懷信心地He built up my confidence. 他樹(shù)立了我的信心。48. experience n.