人教版新課標(biāo)必修模塊3系統(tǒng)語法梳理：情態(tài)動詞

1、PAGE PAGE 12人教版新課標(biāo)必修模塊3系統(tǒng)語法梳理 情態(tài)動詞用法（學(xué)生版）重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容梳理一、情態(tài)動詞基本用法 情態(tài)動詞語氣強(qiáng)弱對比 情態(tài)動詞重點(diǎn)用法解析1. can與could（1）表能力，常譯為“_”，如：例：我會說日語，但是不會寫。（2）表示允許，常譯為“_”，could可以表示更為委婉的請求或許可，如：例：你可以在這屋子里吸煙。（3）表推測，常用來表示“驚訝、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度”，多用于_或_中，could表示可能性比can小，如：例：他是個誠實(shí)的人，他不可能撒謊。2. may與might（1）表示許可或征詢對方許可，常譯為“_”，表示征詢許可時，may與can / could可以

2、換用，但might比may的語氣更婉轉(zhuǎn)一些；對含may的一般疑問句的肯定回答可用_或_，否定回答用_或_，如：例：我可以進(jìn)來嗎？不，你不能進(jìn)來。（2）表推測，譯為“_”，多用于肯定句或否定句中；may not表示“_”，might比may的可能性小，如：例：他現(xiàn)在可能很忙。（3）may用于祈使句表“祝愿”例：祝你成功?。?）may / might as well do sth.3. will與would（1）表示“請求、建議”，一般用于_人稱的疑問句中，would比will更婉轉(zhuǎn)（2）表示“意志、愿望和決心”，一般譯為_，would表示過去的意愿和決心例：我再也不會做那件事了。（3）表示習(xí)慣性

3、動作或某種傾向例：魚離開水就會死。（4）would do與used to do4. shall與should（1）shall用于_人稱做主語的疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埵纠航裢砦覀兏墒裁茨?？?）shall用于主語是第二、第三人稱做主語的句子中，表示說話人對對方的_或用于_，表示強(qiáng)制性例：如果你不努力學(xué)習(xí)，你會學(xué)習(xí)不及格。例：當(dāng)我讀完這本書時，他可以拿走他。（3）should表示_時，其同義詞是ought to，在疑問句中通常用should代替ought to例：你應(yīng)該立刻去上課。（4）should表推測，意為_例：我認(rèn)為他們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該在那兒了。5. must（1）表命令，意

4、為“必須”，一般用于肯定句中；must問句的肯定回答用_，否定回答用_或_例：我們今天必須完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)嗎？不，不必了。（2）must表推測，意為_，只能用于_句中。例：走了這么長的一段路，你一定累了。二、情態(tài)動詞 + have done的用法 情態(tài)動詞 + have done結(jié)構(gòu)是歷年高考的熱點(diǎn)之一，此結(jié)構(gòu)可表示對過去動作的“推測、責(zé)備、懷疑”等。含 義用法要點(diǎn)must have done肯定、必定已做了某事cant或couldnt或mightnt have done不可能已經(jīng)做了某事may / might have done可能、大概已做了某事might have done可能、大概已做了某

5、事本可以做某事could have done可能已經(jīng)做了某事本能夠做某事should have done本應(yīng)該做某事neednt have done本不必做某事例：地面很潮濕，昨晚一定下雨了。他不可能在這么短時間內(nèi)完成如此多的任務(wù)。湯姆可能已經(jīng)去上海了，但我仍不確定。那時，我本不應(yīng)該給你說那些。三、情態(tài)動詞使用注意事項(xiàng)1. can / could用于肯定句中，表示客觀上的可能性2. can / could與be able to區(qū)別（1）時態(tài)方面區(qū)別（2）用法區(qū)別例：This time I failed in the exam, but I _（can / be able to）pass the

6、 exam next time.3. should的特別含義：I dont know the reason why you should think I have done that on purpose.4. must的特別含義：例：Im sleeping now. Must you make so much noise?5.情態(tài)動詞 + have done結(jié)構(gòu) 方法點(diǎn)撥速效演練1. Im always running into a handsome young man; he _ live quite near here. A. can B. must C. may D. will2. E

7、xcuse me. Is this the right way to the Central South University? Sorry, Im not sure. But it _ be. A. might B. will C. must D. should3. From her knowledge of the animal habits, Becky feels sure that the animal _ have slept for such a long time in the cave. A. mustnt B. wouldnt C. cant D. neednt4. The

8、 boy _ the first prize, but he was so careless as to make a foolish mistake.A. must have gained B. neednt have gained C. could have gained D. shall have gained5. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _ say where he was.A. mustnt B. shouldnt C. wouldnt D. mightnt6. I _ pay a visi

9、t to Tracy, but Im not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.A. should B. might C. would D. could7. Who left the door open?Oh, sorry. I _ the door.A. ought to lock B. ought to have locked C. should lock D. must have locked8. According to the Tourism Law of the Peoples Republic of China, tourists

10、 _ observe public order and respect local customs, cultural traditions and religious beliefs.A. need B. must C. shall D. may9. When you arrive at the front door, you wont need a key because the door _open with a touch of your finger.A. must B. might C. need D. will10. When will the Swiss delegation

11、arrive?Their plane takes off at 3 pm and it _ reach at 7 pm.A. should B. could C. must D. can11. He _ in a queue; he should have got the ticket from the machine.A. couldnt have stood B. shouldnt have stood C. wouldnt have stood D. neednt have stood12. You look worried. What happened to you?Anxious t

12、o go shopping. Why _ it rain on Sunday?A. should B. can C. would D. must13. The school made rules that no students _ carry cell phones while taking an exam.A. shall B. will C. may D. need14. Mum, its so cold outside that I dont feel like going shopping with you.Oh, if you dont, you _ as well watch T

13、V at home.A. should B. may C. can D. would15. According to the factory safety rules, all accidents _ be reported to the safety officer.A. may B. can C. would D. shallHomeworkPart 1 閱讀理解 Do you know Australia? Australia is the largest island in the world. Its a little smaller than China. It is in the

14、 south of the earth. Australia is big, but its population is not large. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai. The government has made enough laws to fight pollution. The cities in Australia have got little air or water pollution. The sky is blue and the water is clean.

15、You can clearly see fish swimming in the rivers. Plants grow very well. Last month we visited Perth, the largest city in Western Australia, and went to a wild flowers exhibition. There we saw a large number of wild flowers we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. Perth is famous for its be

16、autiful wild flowers. In spring every year Perth has the wild flowers exhibition. After visiting Perth, we spent the day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. It was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves. Suddenly we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill. Wh

17、at we saw made up pick up all our things and run back to the car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us down the path. Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos（袋鼠）. After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep.

18、Sheep, sheep, everywhere are sheep.1. Australia is _.A. the largest country in the world B. as large as ShanghaiC. not as large as China D. the largest island in the north of the earth2. The government has made _.A. few laws to fight pollution B. so many laws that it can fight pollutionC. enough law

19、s that it can hardly fight pollution D. enough laws because the pollution is very serious3. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers.B. Perth is bigger than any other city in the Western AustralianC. Perth lies in the west of AustraliaD. No other city is l

20、arger than Perth in Australia4. In Perth you may visit wild flowers show in _.A. October B. January C. May D. JulyPart 2 情態(tài)動詞鞏固提升訓(xùn)練1. We _ have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.A. may not B. neednt C. cant D. mustnt2. Im going to Europe on vacation if I _ find the money.

21、A. can B. might C. would D. need3. It surprises me that you, of all people, _ be so lazy.A. might B. could C. would D. should4. With a little care I _ the disaster.But you were too careless. Its no use crying over split milk, you know.A. could avoid B. could have avoid C. must avoid D. must have avo

22、id5. I thought the new iPhone 5 was user-friendly, but it just _ work. There is something wrong with it.A. couldnt B. wont C. mustnt D. neednt6. Studying abroad _ be stressful, because you have to worry about adapting to a new culture at the same time.A. can B. need C. must D. should7. Its usually w

23、arm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold sometimes.A. must B. can C. should D. would8. China _ be concerned about the short-term, but must focus on the long-term growth of the country.A. wouldnt B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt9. In our college days, we _ get together in a pub on weekends

24、 and exchange views on life values.A. should B. could C. must D. would10. Why dont you wear your jogging shorts, Mum?Well, my legs are too skinny, if you _ know.A. can B. may C. should D. must11. I wish I had more time, but I _ be going. Thank you for your invitation.A. can B. would C. must D. could

25、12. Jimmy, you _ play games on the Internet again. You may fall behind others in study.A. mustnt B. shouldnt C. cant D. neednt13. When I was little and something bad was happening, my mum _ tell me to close my eyes.A. should B. could C. would D. might14. May I smoke here?If you _, thats the smoking

26、section over there.A. should B. could C. may D. must15. If you know first aid methods, you _ be calmer and more helpful in case of emergency.A. can B. may C. should D. need人教版新課標(biāo)必修模塊3系統(tǒng)語法梳理 情態(tài)動詞用法（教師版）重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容梳理一、情態(tài)動詞基本用法 情態(tài)動詞語氣強(qiáng)弱對比 情態(tài)動詞重點(diǎn)用法解析1. can與could（1）表能力，常譯為“ 能,會 ”，如：例：我會說日語，但是不會寫。I can speak Jap

27、anese, but I cant write it.（2）表示允許，常譯為“ 可以 ”，could可以表示更為委婉的請求或許可，如：例：你可以在這屋子里吸煙。You can smoke in this room.（3）表推測，常用來表示“驚訝、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度”，多用于 否定句 或 疑問句 中，could表示可能性比can小，如：例：他是個誠實(shí)的人，他不可能撒謊。He is an honest man; he couldnt be telling lies.2. may與might（1）表示許可或征詢對方許可，常譯為“ 可以 ”，表示征詢許可時，may與can / could可以換用，但m

28、ight比may的語氣更婉轉(zhuǎn)一些；對含may的一般疑問句的肯定回答可用 may 或 can ，否定回答用 mustnt 或 cant ，如：例：我可以進(jìn)來嗎？May I come in?不，你不能進(jìn)來。No, you cant / mustnt.（2）表推測，譯為“ 或許，也許，大概 ”，多用于肯定句或否定句中；may not表示“ 或許不，也許不 ”，might比may的可能性小，如：例：他現(xiàn)在可能很忙。He may be very busy now.（3）may用于祈使句表“祝愿”May + 主語 + 動詞原形！例：祝你成功！May you succeed!（4）may / might a

29、s well do sth.3. will與would（1）表示“請求、建議”，一般用于 第二 人稱的疑問句中，would比will更婉轉(zhuǎn)Would you like a cup of coffee?（2）表示“意志、愿望和決心”，一般譯為 愿意，想要 ，would表示過去的意愿和決心例：我再也不會做那件事了。I will never do that again.（3）表示習(xí)慣性動作或某種傾向例：魚離開水就會死。Fish will die without water.（4）would do與used to do4. shall與should（1）shall用于 第一、第三 人稱做主語的疑問句中

30、，表示說話人征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埵纠航裢砦覀兏墒裁茨?？What shall we do this evening?（2）shall用于主語是第二、第三人稱做主語的句子中，表示說話人對對方的 命令、警告、許可、許諾或威脅或用于 法律、法規(guī)、規(guī)章制度、條文等文件中 ，表示強(qiáng)制性例：如果你不努力學(xué)習(xí)，你會學(xué)習(xí)不及格。You shall fail if you dont work hard.例：當(dāng)我讀完這本書時，他可以拿走他。He shall have the book when I finish reading it.（3）should表示 勸告、建議 時，其同義詞是ought to，在疑問句

31、中通常用should代替ought to例：你應(yīng)該立刻去上課。You should go to class right away.（4）should表推測，意為 按理應(yīng)該 例：我認(rèn)為他們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該在那兒了。They should be there by now, I think.5. must（1）表命令，意為“必須”，一般用于肯定句中；must問句的肯定回答用 must ，否定回答用 neednt 或 dont have to 例：我們今天必須完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)嗎？Must we finish the task today?不，不必了。 No, you neednt / dont have to.（

32、2）must表推測，意為 一定、必定、肯定 ，只能用于 肯定 句中。例：走了這么長的一段路，你一定累了。You must be very tired after such a long walk.二、情態(tài)動詞 + have done的用法 情態(tài)動詞 + have done結(jié)構(gòu)是歷年高考的熱點(diǎn)之一，此結(jié)構(gòu)可表示對過去動作的“推測、責(zé)備、懷疑”等。含 義用法要點(diǎn)must have done肯定、必定已做了某事對過去事實(shí)或行為的肯定推測cant或couldnt或mightnt have done不可能已經(jīng)做了某事對過去事實(shí)或行為的否定推測may / might have done可能、大概已做了某事

33、對過去事實(shí)或行為的推測might have done可能、大概已做了某事對過去事實(shí)或行為的推測本可以做某事與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬could have done可能已經(jīng)做了某事對過去事實(shí)或行為的推測本能夠做某事與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬should have done本應(yīng)該做某事與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬neednt have done本不必做某事與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬例：地面很潮濕，昨晚一定下雨了。The ground is very wet it must have rained last night.他不可能在這么短時間內(nèi)完成如此多的任務(wù)。He couldnt have finished so much

34、work in such a short time.湯姆可能已經(jīng)去上海了，但我仍不確定。 Tom may have gone to Shanghai, but Im still not sure about it.那時，我本不應(yīng)該給你說那些。 I shouldnt have told you those at that time.三、情態(tài)動詞使用注意事項(xiàng)1. can / could用于肯定句中，表示客觀上的可能性2. can / could與be able to區(qū)別（1）時態(tài)方面區(qū)別（2）用法區(qū)別例：This time I failed in the exam, but I will be a

35、ble to （can / be able to）pass the exam next time.3. should的特別含義：竟然、居然、竟會I dont know the reason why you should think I have done that on purpose.4. must的特別含義：非得、偏偏、偏要例：Im sleeping now. Must you make so much noise?5.情態(tài)動詞 + have done結(jié)構(gòu) 方法點(diǎn)撥速效演練1. Im always running into a handsome young man; he _B_ live

36、 quite near here. A. can B. must C. may D. will2. Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Central South University? Sorry, Im not sure. But it _A_ be. A. might B. will C. must D. should3. From her knowledge of the animal habits, Becky feels sure that the animal _C_ have slept for such a long time in

37、 the cave. A. mustnt B. wouldnt C. cant D. neednt4. The boy _C_ the first prize, but he was so careless as to make a foolish mistake.A. must have gained B. neednt have gained C. could have gained D. shall have gained5. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _C_ say where he was.A

38、. mustnt B. shouldnt C. wouldnt D. mightnt6. I _A_ pay a visit to Tracy, but Im not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.A. should B. might C. would D. could7. Who left the door open?Oh, sorry. I _B_ the door.A. ought to lock B. ought to have locked C. should lock D. must have locked8. Accordin

39、g to the Tourism Law of the Peoples Republic of China, tourists _C_ observe public order and respect local customs, cultural traditions and religious beliefs.A. need B. must C. shall D. may9. When you arrive at the front door, you wont need a key because the door _D_ open with a touch of your finger

40、.A. must B. might C. need D. will10. When will the Swiss delegation arrive?Their plane takes off at 3 pm and it _A_ reach at 7 pm.A. should B. could C. must D. can11. He _D_ in a queue; he should have got the ticket from the machine.A. couldnt have stood B. shouldnt have stood C. wouldnt have stood

41、D. neednt have stood12. You look worried. What happened to you?Anxious to go shopping. Why _D_ it rain on Sunday?A. should B. can C. would D. must13. The school made rules that no students _A_ carry cell phones while taking an exam.A. shall B. will C. may D. need14. Mum, its so cold outside that I d

42、ont feel like going shopping with you.Oh, if you dont, you _B_ as well watch TV at home.A. should B. may C. can D. would15. According to the factory safety rules, all accidents _D_ be reported to the safety officer.A. may B. can C. would D. shallHomeworkPart 1 閱讀理解 Do you know Australia? Australia i

43、s the largest island in the world. Its a little smaller than China. It is in the south of the earth. Australia is big, but its population is not large. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai. The government has made enough laws to fight pollution. The cities in Australia

44、have got little air or water pollution. The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish swimming in the rivers. Plants grow very well. Last month we visited Perth, the largest city in Western Australia, and went to a wild flowers exhibition. There we saw a large number of wild flowe

45、rs we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers. In spring every year Perth has the wild flowers exhibition. After visiting Perth, we spent the day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. It was quiet and

46、we enjoyed ourselves. Suddenly we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill. What we saw made up pick up all our things and run back to the car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us down the path. Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos（袋鼠）. After a

47、short drive from any town, you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep. Sheep, sheep, everywhere are sheep.1. Australia is _C_.A. the largest country in the world B. as large as ShanghaiC. not as large as China D. the largest island in the north of the earth2. The government has made _B_.A.

48、few laws to fight pollution B. so many laws that it can fight pollutionC. enough laws that it can hardly fight pollution D. enough laws because the pollution is very serious3. Which of the following is NOT true? （ D ）A. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers.B. Perth is bigger than any other

49、 city in the Western AustralianC. Perth lies in the west of AustraliaD. No other city is larger than Perth in Australia4. In Perth you may visit wild flowers show in _A_.A. October B. January C. May D. JulyPart 2 情態(tài)動詞鞏固提升訓(xùn)練1. We _B_ have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.A. may not B. neednt C. cant D. mustnt2. Im going to Europe on vacation if I _A_ find the money.A. can B. might C. would D. need3. It surprises m