美國小費文化

1、Tips on Tips 美國小費文化Part 1 How to Tip at a Restaurant 在餐館如何給小費Dialogue Script 1 對話原文 1Lilly: Thank you so much for taking me out to dinner.Martin: Its the least I could do. Youve babysat so much for me recently.Lilly: It was my pleasure. Your babys such a doll.Martin: Im glad you two get along.Lilly:

2、 Can I at least help you pay a little?Martin: If you really want to, I guess you could pick up the tip.Lilly: OK. How much should that be?Martin: You dont tip in China?Lilly: No, not at all, so I have no idea how much to pay.Martin: In restaurants, fifteen percent of the bill is considered pretty st

3、andard.Lilly: What if the service is really bad?講解：1. 對話中，Martin請Lilly到一家餐館吃飯。既然今天我們說的是小費問題，tip 這里作名詞表示“小費”，比如說，I left a tip on the table. 我把小費放在桌子上了。2. tip 作名詞還可以表示“有用的小建議，實用小竅門”，比如說，She told me a tip for removing stainsfrom clothing. 她告訴了我一個除掉衣服上污點的小竅門。所以我們這節(jié)課的標題是Tips on Tips，意思就是“關(guān)于給小費的建議”。3. Lil

4、ly很感謝Martin請她吃飯，Martin說這沒有什么，只是聊表心意，Its the least I could do.因為Lilly最近經(jīng)常幫他照顧寶寶。babysit，表示“幫別人照看孩子，當(dāng)臨時保姆”。這是一個合成詞，是由baby+sit組成的，而sit是主體動詞，所以就在它身上有了過去分詞形式的變化，變成babysat。大家以后遇到這種名詞+動詞的合成詞的時候，如果有人稱和時態(tài)的變化，都是體現(xiàn)在后面那個動詞上面的。4. Lilly說她很樂意幫Martin照看孩子，因為Martin的孩子真是太可愛了，Your babys such a doll. someones sucha doll

5、表示“某人真是可愛”，一般是用來形容小孩子或者小動物的，而不用來形容大人。我們還可以說Your baby isadorable. 你的寶寶真可愛。Martin也很高興Lilly和小寶寶能合得來，get along with sb表示“跟某人相處和諧”，比如說，Do you get along with your neighbors? 你跟鄰居相處還融洽嗎？5. 賬單送來了，Lilly也不好意思讓Martin一個人付錢，就要求至少讓她也幫忙付一點賬單。Martin說如果Lilly堅持的話，她可以來付小費，I guess you could pick up the tip. pick up 在這里

6、表示“支付”。6. 那么Lilly該付多少小費呢？她還真不清楚，因為在中國完全不必付小費。tip 在這里作了動詞， 也表示“付小費，給小費”，舉個例子，He tipped the bell boy 2 dollars. 他給了行李員兩美元的小費。7. Martin告訴Lilly在餐館里，賬單的15%被認為是標準的小費金額。Lilly又問，如果服務(wù)非常的差呢，還要給這么多嗎？Dialogue Script 2 對話原文 2Martin: You didnt like your server?Lilly: Oh, she was fine. I was just wondering.Martin:

7、 The lowest you can get away with without being really offensive is ten percent. And twenty percent isconsidered a good tip.Lilly: Why do people feel obligated to tip? Shouldnt a servers wages be enough?Martin: Servers depend on tips to survive. Restaurants owners know that, so their wages are low.L

8、illy: But why do people pay them?Martin: Its a custom. Plus, it encourages good service. Servers know theyll earn more for better service.Lilly: That makes sense. Fifteen percent of eighty dollars is .eight plus four.Martin: You are good with math.講解：1. 在上一個對話中，Lilly問Martin如果服務(wù)生的服務(wù)很差怎么辦呢？Martin很意外，難

9、道Lilly不喜歡為他們服務(wù)的服務(wù)生嗎？Lilly說當(dāng)然不是，這個服務(wù)員很好，她只是好奇而已，I was just wondering. 也可以說Im just being curious. Martin回答說，要離開餐廳又顯得不太冒犯，至少要給一成的小費。也就是賬單的10%。2. get away with sth 表示“犯了錯誤但是受到比較輕的懲罰或者不受懲罰”，我們來舉兩個例子，F(xiàn)or such a serious mistakehe was lucky to get away with a fine. 他犯了那么嚴重的錯誤，卻僥幸只交了罰款了事。If you cheat in the

10、exam, youllnever get away with it. 考試作弊必予追究。3. offensive表示“讓人惱怒的，得罪人的”，比如說，I find your attitude most offensive.我覺得你很失態(tài)。4. 最底線是給賬單10%的小費，而給賬單的20%就算是很好的小費了。說到這里，Lilly又有了一個問題，就是為什么大家都覺得應(yīng)該給小費呢？服務(wù)員的薪水不是應(yīng)該夠了嗎？Martin告訴她，服務(wù)生靠小費維生，餐廳老板都知道，所以服務(wù)生的薪水很低。5. 大家為什么要付給他們錢呢？原來付小費是一個社會習(xí)俗，而且付小費也會鼓勵良好的服務(wù)，因為服務(wù)人員知道服務(wù)得越好賺的

11、也就越多。Lilly覺得言之有理，That makes sense. 如果你想說“很有道理，太有道理了”，你就可以說，That makes lots of sense. 如果你想說“一點道理都沒有”，就是It doesnt make any sense. 或者It makes no sense.6. Lilly開始計算她到底要付多少小費，賬單上是80美元，那么80美元的15%就是12元，Martin夸獎Lilly說她的數(shù)學(xué)真好。be goodwith sth 表示“擅長某事”，也可以說be good at sth。Part 2 Lets Order out 叫外賣Dialogue Script

12、 1 對話原文 1Martin: Thank you for babysitting my baby while my wife is away.Lilly: Youre welcome. I like hanging out with him.Martin: Are you hungry? Its almost dinnertime, but I dont feel like cooking.Lilly: I suppose I could try to make some Chinese food, but I dont have ingredients.Martin: Thats OK.

13、 We can just order out. How about Chinese food ?Lilly: Ive heard good things about Chinese food in America.Martin: Well, I like it. Ill order it and well see what you think.講解：1. 對話中，Lilly又來幫Martin照看小孩，Martin很感激她。Lilly說不用客氣，她很喜歡跟Martin的寶寶在一起。hang out with sb表示“經(jīng)常跟某人在一起，和某人出去”。比如說，I dont want you to

14、hang out with those guys. 我不喜歡你總跟那些家伙混在一起。2. 現(xiàn)在到了吃晚飯的時間，但是Martin不想在家里做著吃。Lilly會做一點中國菜，但是手頭沒有做菜的材料，ingredient指“烹調(diào)用的原料，材料”。Martin建議他們干脆叫外賣算了。order out 表示“叫外賣”，也可以說We can just get delivery.3. Martin問Lilly吃中國菜如何？Lilly聽說在美國的中國菜口碑不錯。Martin還是很愛吃中國菜的。先來點菜，再看看Lilly的感覺如何吧。Dialogue Script 2 對話原文 2Lilly: So wha

15、t all did you order?Martin: My favorites. Lemon chicken, fried wonton, egg fu young, and Buddhas delight.Lilly: Huh? Ive never heard of those dishes.Martin: Really? Theyre pretty standard at Chinese restaurants here.Lilly: Hmm, Im a little bit scared. They might have changed them a lot.Martin: Well,

16、 I guess one things different, at least. Remember we were talking about tips the other day?Lilly: Yeah. Do people here expect them for delivering food, too?Martin: Yes. Usually ten percent, but I like to give more when the weather is bad.Lilly: It sounds like tips make the world go round, here.講解：1.

17、 現(xiàn)在我們來看看Martin都點了什么菜，有l(wèi)emon chicken，檸檬雞，fried wonton，炸云吞，egg fu young，芙蓉蛋還有Buddhasdelight鼎湖上素。Lilly覺得這些菜名都稀奇古怪的，她從來沒有聽過。Buddhas delight是鼎湖上素，聽名字就知道是一個素菜，以菌類以及發(fā)菜、筍干、蝦米、腐竹、粉絲、黃花菜等煨制而成。這些都是在美國的廣東菜館常見的菜肴，已經(jīng)美國本地化了，所以Lilly都沒聽過這些菜名，她還有點怕怕的，那些餐廳已經(jīng)把中國菜改頭換面了。Martin說其他改變不知道，但至少有一樣是不同的，那就是在美國外送食物也是要給小費的。2. 那么給多少合適呢？一般是給一成，也就是賬單的10%，如果路途很遙遠或者天氣不好的話，通常還