經(jīng)濟學原理i11秋季期中1僅試題版

1、經(jīng)濟學原理 I（2011 年秋季學期）1（A 卷試題）（2011/11/2）學術(shù)部溫馨提示：此處為僅有題目版本，適合對照完全版中期中使用?？梢詫⒋税姹敬蛴〔⑴浜洗痤}紙實況。一、判斷題（判斷并簡明理由，必要時可以用圖形。每題 4 分，共 24 分）sary for life, the marginal benefit of a glass of water is large.1.Since water is ne2.假定通過補貼給窮人的收入而使得窮人能夠買得起住房。這一政策將使得住房市場價格上升， 終導致窮人不一定買到的住房，其狀況也不一定變好。3.一個音樂唱片的者，其對音樂唱片的需求價格彈性將

2、小于對古典音樂唱片的需求價格彈性（注：古典音樂唱片包含音樂唱片）4.A good weather around the world decreases the total revenuet farmers receive from the saleof grain, but a good weather only in Kansas Se, U.S. increase the total revenuet Kansasfarmers received. (Note: The demand frain is inelastic, and Kansas is only a small part o

3、fthe whole world graarket.)5.增加在醫(yī)療市場上向就醫(yī)者（買者）支付的補貼量將肯定減少就醫(yī)者的支付比例，即就醫(yī)者支付的總金額占向賣者支付總金額的比例，但未必減少了就醫(yī)者支付的總金額。（請畫圖說明）6.市場需求彈性與供給彈性越小，則價格波動越大（請用圖形說明）。二、選擇題（每題 3 分，共 39 分。每題只有一個正確。）1. The companyt you manage has invested $5 million in develoa new product, but thedevelopment is not quite finished. At a recen

4、t meeting, your salespeople reportt theroduction of competing products has reduced the expected sales of your new product to $3 million. What should do?You should go ahead to finish development and make the product if and only if it would costA.lessn $5 million to do so.B.You should go ahead to fini

5、sh development and make the product if and only if it would costlessn $3 million to do so.C.You should go ahead to finish development and make the product if and only if it would costlessn $2 million to do so.D.You should not go ahead to finish development and make the producall.2.中的一則“公共汽車何時準點”提到在的

6、芝加哥，由于線路常常要經(jīng)過交通擁擠地區(qū)，導致“車本來是十分鐘一趟，往往變成半個小時后同時來三輛。這沒效率的公共交通系統(tǒng)。”為什么說這一系統(tǒng)是無效率的？A.B.C.是因為他延長了乘客的等待時間，以節(jié)約公司的成本是因為他雖然沒有延長乘客的等待時間，但增加了是因為他延長了乘客的等待時間，但沒有節(jié)約公司的成本公司的成本D. 是因為他延長了乘客的等待時間，無論是否節(jié)約公司的成本3. Nations with corruptand court systems typically have lower standards of livingn nationswith less corruption. Why

7、 mightt be the case?Because more corruptive nations tend to be defeated by other nations in competitionsBecause more corruptive nations are more unfair.A.ernationalB.C.D.Because more corruptive nations provide less incentives for firms to invest and workers to work.Because peoplesore corruptive nati

8、ons are more selfish.4. When Stuart earns $34 working at a fast-food restaurant one day and then buys himself $5 foodat the same restaurant. Stuart product, factorfactor, productfactor, factor product, producteractshemarket and thenhemarket.A.B.C.D.社會在兩種“物品”清潔的環(huán)境與工業(yè)產(chǎn)量之間存在權(quán)衡取舍。如果工程師開發(fā)出了一種污染更少的新的發(fā)電方法，

9、則一般來說：社會的工業(yè)產(chǎn)量不變；但環(huán)境更清潔了社會的工業(yè)產(chǎn)量增加；但環(huán)境沒有變化C.D.社會的工業(yè)產(chǎn)量增加；且環(huán)境更清潔了要么社會的工業(yè)產(chǎn)量增加，要么環(huán)境更清潔了；但二者不可兼得6.Which of the following areas of study typifies microeconomics as oped to macroeconomics?A. the impact of minimum-wage laws on employmenthe fast food industryB. the effect of changes in household saving rates o

10、n the growth rate of nationaleC.D.the impact oster money growth on the rate of inflationa comparison of alternative tax policies and their respective impacts on the rate of the nations economic growth7.Which of the following is an example of aitive, as oped to normative, sement?A. Inflation is more

11、harmful to the economyn unemployment is.B.C.D.If welfare payments increase, the world will be a bettlace.Pririse when theernment prs too muoney.When public policies are evaluated, the benefits to the economy of improved equality shouldbe considered more importantn the costs of reduced efficiency.8.

12、Supet someone makes the argumentt because empty alcohol containers are found atmany accidents, the containers cause accidents. This would be an example of:sound logic.reverse causality.omitted variables.D.reverse causality or omitted variable.9.A.B.C.D.Which of the following sement is true?If a cert

13、aIf a certa If a certarade is good for onerade is good for one rade is good for one, it cant be good for the other one., it is always good for the other one., it cso be good for the other one.None of the above sements is true.10.假定中國和都只生產(chǎn)紡織品和電腦兩種商品。中國在生產(chǎn)紡織品上有比較優(yōu)勢，而在生產(chǎn)電腦上具有比較優(yōu)勢。一般來說，如果中國在電腦上的生產(chǎn)率提高但仍不

14、具備比較優(yōu)勢，則兩國之間的貿(mào)易條件（即兩種物品之間的交換比例）將變得對更有利，中國的整體福利將；如果中國在紡織品上的生產(chǎn)率提高，則兩國之間的貿(mào)易條件將變得對更有利，中國的整體福利將。A.，下降；中國，下降中國，增加；中國，增加；均無法判斷，增加，下降11. Scientists revealt consumption of oranges decreases the risk of diabetes, and at the same time,farmers use a new fertilizert makes orange trees more productive. What effec

15、t would thesechanges have on the equilibrium price andty of oranges?A. Bothe the equilibrium price andty of oranges will rise.B. The equilibrium price will rise and the equilibriumty will fall.C. The equilibriumD. The equilibriumty will rise and the equilibrium price will fall.ty will rise and the e

16、ffect on equilibrium price will be ambiguous.12. Beef is a normal good. You observet both the equilibrium price andty of beef havefallen over time. Which of the following explanations would be most consistent with this observation?A.Consumers have experienced an increase in improved.e, and beef-prod

17、uction technology hasB.C.The price of chicken has risen, and the price of steak sauce has fallen.New medical evidence has been released beef consumption and life expectancy.t indicates a negative correlation betnrsonsD.The demand curve for beef must beitively sloped.13. Among which situation of a la

18、bor market, the number of workers employed is the largest?A.B.C.D.A labor market wi A labor market wi A free labor marketA labor market wibinding minimum wagebindingum wagepayroll tax三、問答題（共 3 題，37 分）1.Comparative Advantage and Gains from Trade (9 pos)American and Japaworkers can each produce 4 cars

19、 a year. An American worker can produce10 tons of grain a year, whereas a Japaworker can produce 5 tons of grain a year. To keep thingssimple, amet each country has 100 million workers.a.Graph the productionsibilities frontier of the American and Japaeconomies. (2 pos)b.For the United Ses, what is t

20、he opportunity cost of a car? Of grain? For Japan, what is the opportunity cost of a car? Of Grain? (2 pos)c.Which country has an absolute advantage in producing cars? In producing grain? Which country has a comparative advantage in producing cars? In producing grain? (1 po)d.Without trade, half of

21、each countrys workers produce cars and half produce grain. What ties of cars and grain does each country produce? Show you answer in each countrysproductionsibility frontier. (1 po)e.Supe with trade, the U.S end up with 500 million tons of grain and 208 million cars toconsume, and Japan end up with

22、280 million tons of grain and 200 million cars to consume, do you think both countries benefit with this trade? Explain your answers. (1 po)f.In part (e), do you think both countries exhausted the benefit from trade? Explain you answer.(H: Graph the two countries joproductionsibility frontier.) (2 p

23、os)2. 關(guān)井政策與煤礦安全（15 分）中國的煤炭市場上主要有兩類企業(yè)：國有煤礦和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)煤礦。從 1999 年起，中國實施了對于鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)煤礦的大規(guī)模關(guān)閉政策，其中一個目的是試圖抑制煤礦安全事故的發(fā)生。以下利用供求曲線分析這一政策是否達到其目的。（1） 在下列左圖中畫出單個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)煤礦的供給曲線，右圖中畫出煤炭市場整體的需求和供給曲線。在圖形中標出單個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)煤礦的產(chǎn)量、市場均衡價格和數(shù)量。（2 分）（2）實施關(guān)閉鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)煤礦的政策后，煤炭的市場價格和銷售量如何變動？未被關(guān)閉的單個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)煤礦的產(chǎn)量如何變動？鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)煤礦整體的產(chǎn)量如何變動？關(guān)井政策對于被關(guān)閉的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)煤礦是好消息還是壞消息？對于未被關(guān)閉的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)煤礦是好消息還是壞消息？運用圖形和文字解釋你的。（3 分）（3） 現(xiàn)在考慮關(guān)井政策對率的影響。這里的率以產(chǎn)量的人數(shù)來衡量。假定單個煤礦的率不隨產(chǎn)量變化而變化，同時假定國有煤礦的率遠低于鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)煤礦。則你認為的關(guān)井政策是提高還是降低了整個煤礦行業(yè)的人數(shù)和率，還是不確定？說明你的分析過程。（2 分）（4） 現(xiàn)在假定單個煤礦的率隨產(chǎn)量上升而上升。其他條件和第（3）問相同。此時你認為的關(guān)井政策是提高還是降低了整個煤礦行業(yè)的人數(shù)和率，還是不確定？進一步地，鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)煤礦的供給彈性、國有煤礦的供給彈性以及煤炭的需求彈性如何影響你的回答？簡明你的分析過程。（3 分）假定不采取關(guān)井政策，而是用安全的方式（例如要求