人教版選修7Unit2動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)

1、Unit 2 Robots Grammar動詞不定式的被動語態(tài) 一、復(fù)習(xí)各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu): be+ done （以 the book , publish 為例） 一般現(xiàn)在/過去時： The book _. 一般/過去將來時: The book _. The book _. 現(xiàn)在/過去進行時： The book _. 現(xiàn)在/過去完成時: The book _. 情態(tài)動詞： The book _.is/ was publishedwill/would be publishedis/was (going) to be publishedis/was being publishe

2、dhas/had been publishedcan/could/may/mightbe published二、動詞不定式的被動語態(tài) 1. 動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)有兩種形式： 1）一般式 （not/never ）to be done 2）完成式 （not/ never） to have been done （表示不定式動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前）2. 動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)在句子中的作用 1) 做主語（常用it做形式主語） To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous. 被邀請參加這個亞運會開幕式，是一大榮幸。 2) 做表語 The party is

3、to be held next Saturday evening. 明年, 這種新藥將在500個過度肥胖的人上進行試驗。It is ridiculous to be offered sympathy by .It is a great honor to be invited to attend the opening ceremony of Asian Games.The new drug is to be tested out on the 500overweight people next year.3) 做賓語 She didnt like to be treated as a chil

4、d. He pretended to have been beaten by his step-father. 這位職員不希望被她的顧客嘲笑。The clerk wouldnt like to be laughed at by her customers4) 做賓語補足語 Tony expected the house to be completely transformed. 這個殘疾的孩子期望由這個主建筑師來設(shè)計這座 電影院。The disabled child expected the cinema to be designed by the chief architect.5）做定語T

5、he English are proud of the Olympic Games to be held in London.6）做狀語 All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas. 他匆忙趕到訂票處（booking office）卻被告知 所有的票都賣完了。He hurried to the booking office only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out.3. 在下列情況中用不定式的主動形式

6、表示被動意思。 1) 不定式作后置定語，與被修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成 邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，但又與該句主語（或另一名 詞/代詞）構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時, He has nothing to eat. 分析： eat 動nothing賓 / he 主eat 謂 I will give you a book to read . 分析： _ 動_賓/ _主_謂 這個優(yōu)雅的女人有事情要宣布。reada bookyoureadThe elegant lady had something to declare. 比較： I have a lot of letters to type . (我有很多信件要打印：I

7、will type the letter) I have a lot of letters to be typed. (意思為： I get sb. to type the letter) 1) Ill go to New York. Have you anything _(take) to your wife there? 2) Have you any clothes _(wash), sir?” asked the maid. 3) I cannot go out now as I have a lot of clothes _(wash)to be takento be washedt

8、o wash 注意：若句子的主語并非不定式的邏輯主語時， 不定式則必須用被動式。3. 在下列情況中用不定式的主動形式表示被動意思。 2) 在“主語+表語（形容詞）to do” 中， 主語也是 不定式的邏輯賓語,即不定式動詞和主語之間是 動賓關(guān)系。 This question is easy to answer. （分析：answer (動)this question （賓） 注意： 如果動詞為不及物動詞，則要注意介詞的搭配。 John is difficult to deal with. （分析：_(動)_(賓)）如：這扶手椅坐起來很舒服。 這題目很難算出來。deal withJohnThe

9、armchair is comfortable to sit inThe question is difficult to work out4. There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中，用不定式的主動和被 動式來修飾主語，區(qū)別不大。 There is a lot of work to do / to be done. (多用主動形式) 沒有什么可擔(dān)心的。There is nothing to worry about. 1. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains_ whether they will

10、enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seenExercise B 2. I hurried to the meeting hall, only_ that the meeting had been put off. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. toldB 3. Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears_ everything. A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to hav

11、e been toldD 4. Little Tom should love_ to the theater this evening. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. takingA 5. It is said that plastics can be used to_ many things. Now people are used to_ plastics products. A. make; using B. making; using C. making; use D. make; useA 6. With a lot of p

12、roblems_, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settledC7. He_ and was made to repeat it. A. didnt understand B. didnt be understood C. wasnt understand D. wasnt understoodD 8. The pupils here_ all kinds of exercises every day in the past fou

13、r weeks. A. kept busy doing B. keep on doing C. have kept busy doing D. have been kept busy doingD 9. Visitors_ not to touch the exhibits. A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requestedD 10. In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D.

14、 servedB1. It will take several weeks for your computer to _ (repair).2. I knew him _ (catch) by the police.3. A vote is required _(take) in our company at once.4. When some money went missing from the bank, Thomas was believed _ (steal) it.be repairedto have been caughtto be takento have stolen練習(xí)7.

15、 I hope _(admit) to Zhongshan University.8.The book is said to _ (translate) into several languages.9.I feel greatly honored _ (welcome) into their society .10.Come on! It is an easy sentence _ (translate).11.When I came in, he pretended to _.(read)13.Mrs Smith warned her daughter _(not drive) after

16、 drinking.to translateto be welcomedhave been translatedto be admittedbe readingnot to drive14.I dont know whether you happen _(hear), but Im going to study in the U.S.A this September. 15.He seems _（punish) by his teacher yesterday.to have heardto have been punished16.The school ordered all the cla

17、ssroom _( clean ).17.My grandmother seems to have a lot _ (worry) about. 18.I am going to the post office. Do you have any letter _(post)?19.You are lucky enough _ (not catch) in the rain.to be cleanedto worry to be postednot to have been caught二、翻譯練習(xí)1.據(jù)說這會議已經(jīng)被取消了.2.這個學(xué)生似乎已經(jīng)對政治失去了興趣。3.殘疾人不喜歡被別人嘲笑。4.

18、沒有可以可以浪費的時間了。5.能被邀請進這個英語俱樂部，是一大榮幸.6.她假裝沒有聽懂我說的話.7.我希望被中山大學(xué)錄取。 8.抱歉，我忘記了你的電話號碼了。 1.據(jù)說這會議已經(jīng)被取消了 The meeting is said to have been cancelled.2.這個學(xué)生似乎已經(jīng)對政治失去了興趣。 The student seems to have lost interest in politics.3.殘疾人不喜歡被別人嘲笑。 The disabled dont like to be laughed at.4.沒有可以浪費的時間了。 There is no time to wa

19、ste/ be wasted5.能被邀請進這個英語俱樂部，是一大榮幸 It is a great honor to be invited to the English Club.6.她假裝沒有聽懂我說的話。 She pretended not to understand what I had said.7.我希望被中山大學(xué)錄取。 I hope /expect to be admitted into Zhangshan University8.抱歉，我忘記了你的電話號碼了。 I am sorry to have forgotten your telephone number.Answer key

20、 for Exercise 2 on page 14:to be designedto be rebuiltto be accompaniedto be known asto be filled withto be tested outto be enviedto be set asidewere listedbe dividedbe organizedto be accompaniedwere connectedbe surroundedwas attachedAnswer key for Exercise 3 on page 15:Using structuresAnswer key fo

21、r exercise 1 on page 56:I did not expect to be interviewed by the general manager.The magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading room (by anybody).She hates to be laughed at by her classmates. He doesnt want his writing to be interrupted (by the guests). / He doesnt want to be interrup

22、ted while writing. These rules must be obeyed by everybody as they are for the good of the whole school.These are the issues to be discussed tomorrow.It is wrong for him to be made to work all night.Answer key for exercise 2 on page 56:The dishes need to be washed.The mail needs to be sent right awa

23、y.The singer refused to be photographed.The house is to be sold.Answer key for exercise 3 on page 56:那本關(guān)于圣經(jīng)的書需要在這周末之前還給圖書館。下周末前，這個舊扶手椅將有一個沙發(fā)代替。不要著急，你有足夠的時間把那個傳真發(fā)到你的公司。你同妻子離婚的決定必須要得到她的同意。That book on the Holy Bible needs to be returned to the library by/before the end of the week.That old armchair is to be replaced by a sofa next week.Dont worry-you still have plenty of time for that fax to be sent to your company.You dec