JAVA程序設(shè)計(jì)：第15章 網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程

1、第十五章網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程 本章內(nèi)容使用包中的類在程序中實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信URL類及其用法Socket通信URLURL(Uniform Resource Locator)-統(tǒng)一資源定位器，表示Internet上某一資源的地址。URL組成: 協(xié)議名和資源名protocol:resourceNameURL舉例:/http:/home/welcome.htmlhttp:/developers/.URL類常用構(gòu)造方法public URL(String spec);URL u1 = new URL(“/home/”);public URL(URL context, String spec);URL u2 = new U

2、RL(u1, “welcome.html”);public URL(String protocol, String host, String file); URL u3 = new URL(“http”, “”, “developers/index.html” );public URL (String protocol, String host, int port, String file);URL u4 = new URL(“http”, “”, 80, “developers/index.html” );URL類應(yīng)用舉例(1)import java.io.*;import .*;publi

3、c class URLReaderpublic static void main(String args)tryURL tirc = new URL(/);BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(tirc.openStream();String s;while(s = in.readLine()!=null)System.out.println(s);in.close();catch(MalformedURLException e) System.out.println(e);catch(IOException

4、e)System.out.println(e); URL類應(yīng)用舉例(2)程序URLReader.java輸出結(jié)果:清華大學(xué)網(wǎng)站首頁(yè)Socket兩個(gè)Java應(yīng)用程序可通過一個(gè)雙向的網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信連接實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)交換，這個(gè)雙向鏈路的一端稱為一個(gè)socket。socket通常用來實(shí)現(xiàn)client-server連接。包中定義的兩個(gè)類Socket和ServerSocket，分別用來實(shí)現(xiàn)雙向連接的client和server端建立連接時(shí)所需的尋址信息遠(yuǎn)程計(jì)算機(jī)的機(jī)器名或IP地址試圖連接的端口號(hào)(Port number)Socket通信模型ServerServerSocket s (port #)s.accept()/

5、等待連接Socket()OutputStreamInputStreamsocket.close()ClientSocket (host, port #)（Attempt to connect）OutputStreamInputStreamsocket.close()網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程的四個(gè)基本步驟創(chuàng)建socket;打開連接到socket的輸入/輸出流；按照一定的協(xié)議對(duì)socket進(jìn)行讀/寫操作；關(guān)閉socket;創(chuàng)建socketSocket/ServerSocket類的構(gòu)造方法Socket(InetAddress address, int port);Socket(InetAddress address

6、, int port, boolean stream);Socket(String host, int port);Socket(String host, int port, boolean stream);ServerSocket(int port);ServerSocket(int port, int count);客戶端Socket的建立try Socket socket=new Socket(”,2000);catch(IOException e) System.out.println(Error:+e);服務(wù)器端Socket的建立ServerSocket server=null;tr

7、y server=new ServerSocket(2000);catch(IOException e) System.out.println(can not listen to :+e);Socket socket=null;try socket=server.accept();catch(IOException e) System.out.println(Error:+e);打開輸入/出流PrintStream os=new PrintStream(new BufferedOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream();DataInputStream is=ne

8、w DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream();關(guān)閉Socketos.close();is.close();socket.close();簡(jiǎn)單的client/server程序import .*;import java.io.*;public class TestServer public static void main(String args) ServerSocket s = null;try s = new ServerSocket(8888); catch (IOException e) while (true) try Socket s1 = s.

9、accept();OutputStream os = s1.getOutputStream();DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(os);dos.writeUTF(Hello,bye-bye!);dos.close();s1.close(); catch (IOException e) 簡(jiǎn)單的client/server程序import .*;import java.io.*;public class TestClient public static void main(String args) try Socket s1 = new Socket(, 8888);InputStream is = s1.getInputStream();DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(is);System.out.println(dis.readUTF