人教高中英語必修二第三單元全部課件

1、Unit 3Unit 3 Computers1. To know the history and development of computers2. To know the applications of computers3. To summarize the main idea and retell the passageHeavy!Difficult! Hard!Tired!Easy!Fast!Free!monitorkeyboardmousespeakerName what you see in the pictures.modemscannerprinterUSB flash di

2、skhard diskLabel each part.124356monitorscreenCD-ROMmousekeyboardhard diskI am very old now. I was born in China. Many people used me for calculating in the past, but now I am a bit lonely because they dont like me. Do you know who I am?abacusI am very small. I can be used for calculating. In China,

3、 a lot of students use me when solving mathematical problems. Do you know who I am?calculatorI am very big. Scientists use me to solve some mathematical problems.huge computerDo you know who I am?PC Personal ComputerIm a small, relatively inexpensive computer designed for an individual user. Im base

4、d on the microprocessor technology. At home, people use me to surf the Internet and play games. Do you know who I am?I can be used for calculating. Besides, I can also be used for watching DVD, sending e-mail and communicating through the Internet. However, I am not a PC, because Im small enough for

5、 you to carry anywhere. Do you know who I am?laptopPDA Personal Digital AssistantI am so small in size that I can fit in your hand. My screen is slightly bigger than a digital phone, but smaller than the smallest laptop. Im a great way to store telephone numbers, access the Internet, make calculatio

6、ns, and so on. Do you know who I am?robotIm a machine that works automatically. I can do a wide variety of tasks, especially suitable for doing jobs too boring, difficult,or dangerous for human beings. Do you know who I am?1. In pairs discuss what they have in common. 2. What do they tell you about

7、the development of computers?3. What do you think will be the next development?Whats next?Computers have brought great changes to our life. Can we live without computers?1. Look at the title of the reading passage. Predict what it is going to be about.2. Do you know in what ways computers are used t

8、oday? Work out a list and compare it with your partners.Read the text quickly.1. Who am I? A. An operator. B. Alan Turing. C. A computer. D. Human race.C2. Whats the passage about? The text mainly tells us a short history of the development of the _ and its _ in different fields. computerapplication

9、s Read the passage and finish the timeline. 16421822The analytical machine was made by Charles Babbage.The computer began as a calculating machine.The computer grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower.19361940sThe first family of computers was connected to each other. 1970s nowComputers had grown

10、 as large as a room.1960sComputers were used in offices and homes.Computers connect people all over the world together.Read the passage again and complete the chart below. DevelopmentEarly daysNameFunction PoorStrongA _ machineSimplify difficult sumsAn _ machineThink logically and produce an answer

11、quicklyA _ machineSolve difficult _calculatinganalytical universal mathematical problemsDevelopmentNetwork times_ stored inTubesLargeSmall_Small chips_Narrow WideFinance_RobotsMobile phones_Space rocketsMedical operations MemoryTransistorsApplicationsCommunicationTradeTopic sentenceSupporting detail

12、sParagraph 1Over time I have been changed quite a lot.Calculating machineAnalytical machineUniversal machinePClaptopTopic sentenceSupporting detailsParagraph 2These changes only became possible as my memory improved.tubestransistorschipsnetworkWorld Wide WebTopic sentenceSupporting detailsParagraph

13、3Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for munications financetrade robotsmobile phonesmedical operationsspace rocketsproviding a life of high qualitythe second generation (1956-1963)the third generation (1964-1971)the fourth generation (1971- )The first generation (1945-1956)The his

14、tory of computersSummary of the passage.I began as a _ machine in 1642. It took nearly two hundred years _ I was built as an analytical machine. I became a “universal machine” in 1936 to _ any mathematical problem. I was very big at one time. However, as time _ by, I was made smaller and smaller. ca

15、lculatingbeforesolvewentI was given a family _ by a network in the early 1960s. I was able to _ my knowledge with others _ the World Wide Web. I have been widely used in many fields, such as in communication, _ trade and medical _. I have also been put into robots and space rockets to _ the Moon and

16、 Mars. Im glad I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race.connectedsharethroughfinanceoperationsexploreWhat is PC? Speak the name on the whole.It means: personal computer.2. What is IT?Information Technology.3. What is W.W.W?World Wide Web.4. 科學(xué)技術(shù)Science and technology.5. 人工智能Artificial inte

17、lligence.6. 筆記本電腦laptop How have computers changed our lives?1. Brainstorm a list of things that you, your school and your family use computers for.2. Think about what you would have to do if you could not use computers any more.List of uses of computersWhat people did before computersemailswrite le

18、ttersword processingwrite by hand or typewritersearch for informationlook in encyclopedia, library, etc.watch filmsgo to the cinemastore informationwrite everything down and put into files and folders Retell the text according to the following clues and then write down your retelling.Changes of the

19、machineCalculating machineAnalytical machineUniversal machineMachine with artificial intelligenceMachine with new transistorA family connected by a networkA family used by the InternetRetellUnit 3Unit 3 ComputersTo learn to use some words and expressions in the passage1. I began as a calculating mac

20、hine in France in l642 calculate v. to find the answer using numbers 計(jì)算，估計(jì)，算出 e.g. Let me calculate the cost of the journey. 讓我計(jì)算一下旅途的費(fèi)用。 The scientists calculated when the spacecraft would reach the moon. 科學(xué)家推算出了宇宙飛船抵達(dá)月球的時(shí)間。 【拓展】calculable adj. 可計(jì)算的；可估計(jì)的calculated adj. 精心計(jì)劃的calculation n. 計(jì)算；估計(jì)calc

21、ulator n. 計(jì)算器The loss has not yet been _ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.calculated2. Although I was young I could simplify difficult sums. simplify vt. to make things easier 使簡化 e.g. Simplify the instructions so that children can understand them. The appli

22、cation forms have now been simplified. 【拓展】后綴-fy加在一些形容詞或名詞后面意思為“to make (使成為；使.化）”。 -fy與以輔音結(jié)尾的詞基之間，往往需要添加字母i或e,由e結(jié)尾的詞則往往變e為i，所以也可以把-ify或-efy看成-fy的異體。 e.g. classify class n. 等級(jí)，種類；-ify “使化成 等級(jí)或種類” vt. 把.分等級(jí)；把.分類 Employees in the post office classify mail according to the place where it is to go. 郵局的職

23、員根據(jù)郵件的目的地進(jìn)行分揀工 作。beautify vt.美化；裝飾 Flowers beautify a room. 花能美化房間。 3. I could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problem. solve vt. to work out the answer to a problem 解答，解決 e.g. The expert cannot solve this difficult problem. Talk to me about whatever is t

24、roubling you. Ill help you solve it. The clever child solved the riddle quickly.solve后跟_或_作賓語?！就卣埂?solution n. 解答，解決辦法e.g. Theres no simple solution to this problem. 名詞 代詞 【運(yùn)用】翻譯下列句子。1) Just calm down shouting wont solve anything! 2) 我們找不出解決這個(gè)問題的辦法。冷靜些喊叫解決不了任何問題！We cant find a solution to this probl

25、em.4. As a result I totally changed my shape. as a result為副詞短語，后接句子。e.g. He runs every day. As a result, he has lost weight.As a result of為介詞短語，相當(dāng)于because of, 后接名詞或名詞短語。e.g. Mary was late as a result of the snow.as a result of . 意為“由于的結(jié)果”，后跟名詞或代詞。e.g. Mary was late as a result of the snow.【拓展】 【運(yùn)用】選

26、用以上合適的短語完成下列句子。1) Jackson couldnt work any longer _ the car accident. 2) We helped each other in studies, and _ we became good friends.as a result as a result oftotally adv. completely 整個(gè)地; 完全地total adj. 完全的; 整個(gè)的e.g. totally blind 全盲 total silence 寂靜無聲 in total 總共5. I have even been put into space r

27、ockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars. explore v. to travel around an area to find out about it 探索；探測；探究 e.g. They explored the land to the south of the Murray river. 給出explore的中文意思。1) As soon as we arrived on the island, we were eager to explore.2) Kates father works in a company exploring f

28、or oil.3) We must explore all possible ways to increase food production.4) Lets explore this idea more fully.考察，勘探 勘探 探索探討 【拓展】 explorer n. 勘探者，考察者，探險(xiǎn)者；exploration n. 勘探，探索，研究【運(yùn)用】翻譯下列句子。1) It is worth exploring other ways of dealing with this problem.2) 你真的考察了離你們那兒最近的城 鎮(zhèn)？其他處理這個(gè)問題的方法值得探討一下。Have you r

29、eally explored your nearest town?6. Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality. anyhow adv. anyway 無論如何；不管怎樣；即使如此 e.g. That wasnt my fault anyhow. 反正那不是我的過錯(cuò)。 I dont know if it was lost or stolen, anyhow, its gone. 我不知道它是丟了還是被偷了，不管 怎么說，它不見了。I dont think they need help, but I thi

30、nk I should offer anyhow.我認(rèn)為他們無需幫助，不過我想我應(yīng)有所表示。1) 房子鎖著, 我無論如何也進(jìn)不去。2) 不管怎樣, 我們設(shè)法得到了我們想要的。The house is locked and I cannot get in anyhow. We managed to get what we wanted, anyhow.goal n. 球門；進(jìn)球得分；目的，目標(biāo)【運(yùn)用】根據(jù)句意，寫出goal的漢語意思。 1) I wish I could achieve my goal of writing 2,000 poems.2) He kicked the ball to

31、wards the other teams goal.3) Their team beat us by three goals to one. 目的，目標(biāo) 球門 進(jìn)球得分 1. have . in common 2. compare it with your partner3. put them in an order 4. according to the time5. a calculating machine 6. an analytical machine7. a technological revolution 8. artificial intelligence9. be made

32、 to work 10. from then on 11. grow rapidly in size 12. as large as a room 13. as time goes by 14. as a result 15. over time 16. share my knowledge with others17. as well as 18. help with medical operations19. explore the Moon 20. a life of high quality21. be filled with happiness 22. the human race

33、_ complete change in ways of thinking, working, etc. _ connected computer system _ to make things easier _ to find the answer using numbersrevolutionnetworksimplifycalculateFind the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text.5. _ can be moved easily from place to place6. _ t

34、o work out the answer to a problem7. _ to travel around an area to find out about it8. _ completely9. _ anyway10. _ activity of managing money mobile solveexploretotallyanyhowfinanceI developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Ba

35、bbage. (翻譯) 我發(fā)展緩慢，差不多兩百年之后，查爾斯巴比奇才把我制成了一臺(tái)分析機(jī)。 【分析】該句是一個(gè)由and連接的并列復(fù)合句。and前的分句是一個(gè)簡單句。and后的分句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：it took . before .。before引導(dǎo)_從句。時(shí)間狀語 【仿寫】過了兩年我們才又見了一次面。_It took two years before we saw each other again. 2. By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger. (翻譯) 到二十世紀(jì)

36、四十年代，我已經(jīng)長得像一間屋子那么大，我不知道是否還會(huì)長得更大。 【分析】這是一個(gè)由and連接的并列復(fù)合句。 and前的分句是一個(gè)簡單句。and后的分句中，wondered后跟if引導(dǎo)的_從句。賓語 I wonder if .是一個(gè)常用句型，意為“我想/不知道是否”。如：As time went on, Mary began to wonder if / whether John had forgotten their date. 【仿寫】到去年年底，已經(jīng)有十座高達(dá)百米的大樓在這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)建成，我不知道這里是否還會(huì)建造更多高樓。 _By the end of last year ten tall

37、buildings as high as 100 metres had been built in this small town, and I wondered if more tall buildings would be built here. 3. Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told! (翻譯) 隨著時(shí)間的推移，我的記憶能力發(fā)展得如此之快，就像一頭大象一樣，我從來不會(huì)忘記告訴我的任何事情！ 【分析】此句中包含一

38、個(gè)由 _引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句，在該從句中又包含一個(gè)省略了關(guān)系代詞_的定語從句：I have been told, 修飾先行詞_。anything so . thatthat【仿寫】 他在這么短的時(shí)間里做了這么多，幾乎每個(gè)人都認(rèn)為這是個(gè)奇跡。He has done so much in _ almost everyone thinks that it is a miracle.so short a time that4. And my memory became so large that even I couldnt believe it!句型: so that 如此 以致于與too to 句型

39、可相互轉(zhuǎn)換And my memory became too large for me to believe it.e.g. He is so old that he cant carry the box. He is too old to carry the box.此結(jié)構(gòu)中的that從句表示結(jié)果。e.g. The stone is so heavy that no one can lift it.so . that .結(jié)構(gòu)的so+形容詞/副詞位于句首時(shí), 句子用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g. So hard does he work that he seldom goes home. so that既可

40、以表結(jié)果, 也可以表目的。 5. But I was always so lonely standing there by myself, until in the early 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network. 【翻譯】但是我總是孤孤單單地站在那里，直到二十世紀(jì)六十年代初，人們才給了我一個(gè)用網(wǎng)絡(luò)聯(lián)成的家庭。 【分析】本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。主句為I was always so lonely standing there by myself，其中standing there by myself 是動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語作狀語；從句是由

41、_引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，其中connected by a network是過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾_。familyuntil【仿寫】我總是步行上學(xué)，直到上個(gè)月，爸爸才給我買了一輛電動(dòng)自行車。_I always went to school on foot, until last month my father bought me a bicycle powered by electricity. 6. I am now truly filled with happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race!tha

42、t引導(dǎo)同位語從句，具體說明 happiness的內(nèi)容。that是連詞，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分。英語中用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句的情況比較常見，但有時(shí)也可以用連接副(代)詞how, when, where, whether等來引導(dǎo)同位語從句。注意：if, which不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。e.g. I had the impression that she chose her words with care. 在我的印象中，她選詞很小心。 I heard the news that our team had won. 我聽到了我們隊(duì)獲勝的消息。 l have no idea when he will

43、be back. 我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來。 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必須回答他是否同意這樣一個(gè)問題。artificial technology intelligent applications explore Web reality logicallyComplete the passage with the words below.When my brother was is high school, he was very interested in computers and enjoyed

44、 writing programs of his own. He used to download information from the Internet and made good use of it. He liked to _ the World Wide _ and used the Internet to communicate with computer programmers all over the world. When he went to university he studied IT (information _) and developed a special

45、interest in _ intelligence. exploreWeb technologyartificialartificial technology intelligent applications explore Web reality logicallyAfter developing special _ of the computer, he hopes to design an _ robot which can think _ and look like a human being, but in _ he has a long way to go.application

46、sintelligentrealitylogicallyartificial technology intelligent applications explore Web reality logicallyRead the story below and then use the outline to create one of your own.My story When I was young I was crazy about radios.At the time my interest began, I was playing with radios at home.Over tim

47、e I decided to build my own radio.As time went by I did research into how to make my radio.By the time I was sixteen, my dream had come true. I made my own radio.As a result I became interested in electronics and computers.From then on I worked hard to get into university.Now I am working in a compu

48、ter company designing new programs for computers.As I grow older I realize how much my life has been connected with my interest in radios! I. 根據(jù)下面各句句意以及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示詞，寫出該單詞的正確形式（每空一詞）。1. Alex has sent off _ (申請) for four different jobs. 2. The company spent a lot of money on new _ (科技). 3. The footb

49、aller scored three g_ and his team finally won the game. applicationstechnologygoals4. He works hard to s_ the mystery of the planes disappearance. 5. As soon as we arrived on the island we were eager to _ (探索). 6. The door was locked. We couldnt get into the room _ (無論如何). solveexploreanyhow/ anywa

50、yII. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。1. As a lawyer, she must be able to argue _ (logical). 2. John showed high _ (intelligent) from an early age. 3. Having suffered a lot, she finally achieved real _ (happy). 4. He tried to _ (simple) the story for the younger audience. logicallyintelligencehappinesssimplify5. Its l

51、ike learning a(n) _ (total) new language. Its too difficult. 6. You can disagree about them, but _ (personal), I think they are great ideas that have made people think. totallypersonallyIII. 根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示補(bǔ)全下面句子（每 空一詞）。1. _ _ _ (從現(xiàn)在開始), Ill be more careful about what I eat. 2. There was nothing on TV. _

52、 _ _ (結(jié)果), I decided to go to bed. 3. _ _ _ _ (據(jù) 他叔叔說), Roy has a great gift for music. From now onAs a resultAccording to his uncle4. Although they _ _ _ _ (毫無共同之處), they can still get on well with each other. 5. In the beginning he wasnt very interested in maths, but _ _ _ _ (隨著時(shí)間的推移) he began to

53、enjoy it. 6. Mary has forgotten to bring her lunch, but Id like to _ _ _ _ _ (和她分享我的三明治). have nothing in common as time went by share my sandwiches with herUnit 3Unit 3 ComputersTo learn to use some words and expressions in the passage1. I began as a calculating machine in France in l642 calculate

54、v. to find the answer using numbers 計(jì)算，估計(jì)，算出 e.g. Let me calculate the cost of the journey. 讓我計(jì)算一下旅途的費(fèi)用。 The scientists calculated when the spacecraft would reach the moon. 科學(xué)家推算出了宇宙飛船抵達(dá)月球的時(shí)間。 【拓展】calculable adj. 可計(jì)算的；可估計(jì)的calculated adj. 精心計(jì)劃的calculation n. 計(jì)算；估計(jì)calculator n. 計(jì)算器The loss has not yet

55、 been _ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.calculated2. Although I was young I could simplify difficult sums. simplify vt. to make things easier 使簡化 e.g. Simplify the instructions so that children can understand them. The application forms have now been simpli

56、fied. 【拓展】后綴-fy加在一些形容詞或名詞后面意思為“to make (使成為；使.化）”。 -fy與以輔音結(jié)尾的詞基之間，往往需要添加字母i或e,由e結(jié)尾的詞則往往變e為i，所以也可以把-ify或-efy看成-fy的異體。 e.g. classify class n. 等級(jí)，種類；-ify “使化成 等級(jí)或種類” vt. 把.分等級(jí)；把.分類 Employees in the post office classify mail according to the place where it is to go. 郵局的職員根據(jù)郵件的目的地進(jìn)行分揀工 作。beautify vt.美化；裝

57、飾 Flowers beautify a room. 花能美化房間。 3. I could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problem. solve vt. to work out the answer to a problem 解答，解決 e.g. The expert cannot solve this difficult problem. Talk to me about whatever is troubling you. Ill help you solve

58、it. The clever child solved the riddle quickly.solve后跟_或_作賓語。【拓展】 solution n. 解答，解決辦法e.g. Theres no simple solution to this problem. 名詞 代詞 【運(yùn)用】翻譯下列句子。1) Just calm down shouting wont solve anything! 2) 我們找不出解決這個(gè)問題的辦法。冷靜些喊叫解決不了任何問題！We cant find a solution to this problem.4. As a result I totally chang

59、ed my shape. as a result為副詞短語，后接句子。e.g. He runs every day. As a result, he has lost weight.As a result of為介詞短語，相當(dāng)于because of, 后接名詞或名詞短語。e.g. Mary was late as a result of the snow.as a result of . 意為“由于的結(jié)果”，后跟名詞或代詞。e.g. Mary was late as a result of the snow.【拓展】 【運(yùn)用】選用以上合適的短語完成下列句子。1) Jackson couldnt

60、 work any longer _ the car accident. 2) We helped each other in studies, and _ we became good friends.as a result as a result oftotally adv. completely 整個(gè)地; 完全地total adj. 完全的; 整個(gè)的e.g. totally blind 全盲 total silence 寂靜無聲 in total 總共5. I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Mo