表1常見(jiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物的一般生物血數(shù)據(jù)參考值

1、表1常見(jiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物的一般生物血數(shù)據(jù)參考值小鼠大鼠兔豚鼠犬猴成年體重020400200280025003000050075001300018000045005500（g）早1835早180250早20002500早400700早1200016000早40005000壽命（年）24355125810201525染色體2n=402n=422n=442n=642n=782n=42體溫（C）3737.537.838.738.539.737.839.538.539.538.338.9呼吸頻率16385.551901840（次/分）(84230)(66114)(3860)(69104)(1530)(3152)

2、耗氧量15302000640850816580mm/g體重通氣量247310701605210860(ml/min)(1136)(50101)(8001140)(100380)(33007400)(3101410)潮氣量0.150.8621.01.832021(ml)(0.090.23)(0.601.25)(19.324.6)(1.03.9)(251432)(9.829.0)心率62547520528080120140200（次/分）(470780)(370580)(123304)(200360)心博量1.3247（ml/博）收縮壓14.7913.0714.6610.6712.5312.661

3、8.1518.623.4(kPa)(12.6718.40)(10.9315.99)(12.6617.33)舒張壓10.8010.1310.667.337.736.399.5912.214.5(kPa)(8.9311.99)(7.9911.99)(8.012.0)血漿容量4.043.884.045.523.643.15ml/100g(3.634.53)(2.785.14)(3.634.53)(4.377.30)(3.04.84)全血容量6.415.736.419.415.415.85ml/100g(5.756.99)(4.786.95)(5.756.99)(7.6510.7)(4.436.66)

4、7.357.357.36血漿Ph7.27.47.58(7.267.44)(7.267.44)(7.317.42)血漿CO221.9(mol)血漿CO分25331.6壓（Pa）719.8表2常見(jiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物的平均壽命及最長(zhǎng)壽命參考值動(dòng)物種類(lèi)最長(zhǎng)壽叩（年）平均壽命（年）猴3010犬2010貓3012家兔158豚鼠75大鼠54小鼠32表3實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物常用繁殖生物學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)性成熟/早繁殖季節(jié)發(fā)情同期（d）發(fā)情持續(xù)時(shí)間妊娠期（d）產(chǎn)仔數(shù)（只）哺乳期獼猴4.5/3.5y全年2817013個(gè)月犬6個(gè)月春、秋99d63745w貓7個(gè)月春、秋1521910d5763445w兔7.2個(gè)月全年303211342d豚鼠6070/

5、全年1517610h60722315d4050d金黃地鼠58w全年451518462025d大鼠6080/全年4568h1822112025d5080d小鼠4050d全年417表4常用實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物每只所需的活動(dòng)面積動(dòng)物種類(lèi)體重每籠動(dòng)物數(shù)每只動(dòng)物所需的活動(dòng)面積（m2）小鼠20g5100.0090.06320g10200.0050.009大鼠150250g130.0180.063150250g4100.0180.045豚鼠250350g10.063250350g240.045兔24kg10.27狗15kg10.7230kg11.0824kg10.27貓0.51kg10.091

6、3kg10.27猴46kg10.36610kg10.54表5常用實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物及人的體表面積比例（劑量換算用）20g小鼠20g大鼠400g豚鼠1.5kg兔2.0kg貓4.0kg猴12kg犬70kg人20g小鼠1.007.0012.2527.8029.0064.10124.20387.9020g大鼠0.141.001.743.904.209.2017.8056.00400g豚鼠0.0800.571.002.252.405.2010.2031.501.5kg兔0.0400.250.441.001.0802.404.5014.202.0kg貓0.0300.230.410.921.002.204.1013.

7、054.0kg猴0.160.110.190.420.451.001.906.1012kg犬0.0800.0600.100.220.240.521.003.1070kg人0.00260.0180.0310.0700.0760.160.201.00查表方法：例：如犬劑量為10mg/kg,12kg的犬總劑量為12X10mg120mg,人與12kg犬相交處為3：1,所以人（70kg）的劑量一120mgX3.1372mg查上表70kg表6實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物的椎骨數(shù)類(lèi)別頸椎胸椎腰椎薦椎尾椎家兔7127451518犬7136831623貓7137121豚鼠713647大鼠713642732小鼠7135642732表7

8、實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物的胸骨節(jié)和肋骨，數(shù)類(lèi)別胸骨肋骨真肋假肋浮肋犬8塊13對(duì)第19對(duì)第1012對(duì)第13對(duì)貓8塊13對(duì)第19對(duì)第1012對(duì)第13對(duì)豚鼠6節(jié)13（14）對(duì)第16對(duì)第79對(duì)第1012（13）對(duì)大鼠6節(jié)13對(duì)第17對(duì)第818對(duì)表8實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物飼料、飲水要求量和排便排尿量動(dòng)物種類(lèi)動(dòng)物種類(lèi)飼料消耗量飲水要求量排便量排尿量發(fā)熱量g/（只.d）ml/（只.d）g/dml/dcal/（只.h）犬30050025035011334065400312585貓11322710020056.72272030ml/kg97.5117兔28.485.16014014.256.740100ml/kg132.6豚鼠14.228.

9、48515021.285.0157521.84大鼠9.318.720457.114.2101515.60小鼠2.87.0471.42.8182.34表10常見(jiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物的血液學(xué)生化檢測(cè)參考正常值表9常見(jiàn)動(dòng)物的血液學(xué)常規(guī)檢測(cè)參考正常值小鼠大鼠兔豚鼠犬猴白細(xì)胞總數(shù)8.412.59.012.514.7910.1（103/ul）（5.111.6）（8.718）（5.512.5）（8.718）（11.3118.27）（5.512.0）中性細(xì)胞(%)17.9224622682147（6.737.2）（934）（3854）（934）（6280）淋巴細(xì)胞(%)69733973214765（6375）（6584）

10、（2850）（6584）（1028）單核細(xì)胞(%)1.22.38.02.35.20.11.5（0.72.6）（05）（2.57.5）（05）（39）嗜堿性細(xì)胞0.50.55.00.50.702（%）（01.5）（01.5）（2.57.5）（01.5）（02）血小板(103)4801001000787967（304656）787967280402295481紅細(xì)胞壓積434635.2464442（%）（4244）（3953）（28.641）（3953）（3554）（3252）9.38.95.78.96.85.2紅細(xì)胞（7.712.5）（7.29.6）（4.57.0）（7.29.6）（5.58.5

11、）（3.66.8）血紅蛋白13.414.811.914.814.830.0（g/100ml）（12.216.2）（1217.5）（810）（1217.5）（1118）一次性放血最大容積5(5ml/kg)血液凝固時(shí)間210(分鐘)PTT(秒)55110凝血酶原激活719時(shí)間(秒)小鼠大鼠兔豚鼠犬猴葡萄糖12112185133256(86149)135(78155)(86149)(64100)60160(mg/100mL)血液尿素氨9.627.54319.24330(mg/dL)血液肌酸酐(mg/100mL)0.230.7(2660)(13.129.5)(2660)(1544)血總蛋白7.26.9

12、7.27.14.146.227.27.5(g/100mL)(6.97.6)(6.08.3)(6.97.6)(6.38.1)血白蛋白2.774.373.13.393.14.03.6(g/100mL)血膽紅素0.060.82(2.63.5)(2.244.05)(2.63.5)(3.44.5)(3.44.0)(mg/100mL)血清鈣8.312.51014101110.8(mg/100mL)血無(wú)機(jī)磷(mg/100mL)6.010.2(9.410.7)(1116)(9.410.7)(9.512)(9.911.9)堿性磷酸酶451996110.4611717.3(IU/L)(4095)(4.116.2)

13、(4095)(1428)(7.530)谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶65.725743052305212382345(IU/L)(48.578.9)血清鈉115191343363343360155(mmol/L)(330359)(350375)(330359)(340380)(149162)血清鉀231623185.29.7(2026)(1120)(2026)(1519)5.36.1mEq/L(mmol/L)血清氯8.5114382365382394(mmol/L)(365408)(333402)(365408)(372408)血清膽固醇974632161116157(mg/100mL)膽固醇脂/總膽固醇()61

14、81(2763)(2737)(90194)表11大鼠及家兔部分組織及血清堿性磷酸酶含量參考值表9常見(jiàn)動(dòng)物的血液學(xué)常規(guī)檢測(cè)參考正常值動(dòng)物種類(lèi)性別體重（g）動(dòng)物數(shù)測(cè)定單位組織堿性磷酸酶酸性磷酸酶大鼠g18023015mg%肝15325大鼠g18023038ugP/mg肝0.800.302.200.50大鼠g18023038ugP/mg脾1.500.202.300.30大鼠g18023038ugP/mg腎1.700.401.300.10大鼠g18023015mg%血清21.701.40大鼠g18023038mg%血清18.502.40大鼠g18020020MIE血清85.502.408.101.80

15、兔3000350015mg%血6.540.202.860.14兔170022005mg%血清21.50.50兔15mgP/克肝2.200.20兔g24ugP/mg肝1.401.401.200.10兔g24ugP/mg腎2.700.702.100.60兔g24ugP/mg脾2.600.502.500.30表9常見(jiàn)動(dòng)物的血液學(xué)常規(guī)檢測(cè)參考正常值體重（g）性別動(dòng)物數(shù)器官測(cè)定單位谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶180230g15肝ug/g100445527228343120g16肝相對(duì)單位/克1274038435000303100120g9肝ug/mg蛋白.20min13213.4079.604.60150300

16、g17肝mmoL/g34228.7033615.70早12肝mmoL/g.min11.000.90250300g60肝mmoL/g.h1.7280.551.500.6120025030肝單位活性8.10.9025.600.9070肝相關(guān)單位伸延37.81.6052.001.6016022010肌mmoL/g2.5200.2389.350.47170200g11肌1g單位.20min1.6360.415.770.1215030017肌mmoL/g14.81.201525.1150300g17心mmoL/g12.40.7678415180200g43心ug/g2.6930.848.2660.13160220g10腦單位/g1.1720.265.7310.50170200g11腦g單位/30min9441724.1