中考英語 語法練習(xí)題16 定語從句

1、2013屆中考英語 語法練習(xí)題16 定語從句一、定語從句（一）：1.定語從句的概念： 在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。2.先行詞： 被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。3.關(guān)系詞： 引導(dǎo)定語從句的連詞叫關(guān)系詞。如that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when等。4.由that、which、who、whom、whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句。關(guān)系詞指代在定語從句中的作用that既指人也指物作主語、賓語which指物作主語、賓語who指人作主語whom指人作賓語whose既指人也指物作定語二、定語從句（二）1.先行詞是物時(shí)，一般情況既可用that也可用which.

2、但下列情況下，只能用that不用which。1).當(dāng)先行詞為指物的不定代詞，如all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、the one等時(shí)，只能用that。There is nothing _ I can do for you .2).當(dāng)先行詞被the only、the very 、the last、all、no、little等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用that。This is the very book _ Im looking for .3).先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，只能用that 。This is the first nextbook _ I st

3、udied in the middle school .4).先行詞為最高級(jí)或被最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，只能用that。This is the most beautiful mountain _ I have ever seen .=I have _ seen _ a beautiful mountian .5).先行詞既有人也有物時(shí)，只能that 。He told us many interesting things and persons _ we had .2.先行詞是物時(shí)，一般情況既可用that也可用which.但下列情況下，只能用which不用that。1).關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞只能用w

4、hich 。This is the building in _ he lives .2).先行詞本身是that時(shí)，關(guān)系詞只能用which 。The clock is that _ tells the time .3).引導(dǎo)非限定性的定語從句（先行詞是物且先行詞與關(guān)系詞用逗號(hào)隔開），關(guān)系詞用which。His book , _ was lost last week , has been found now.3.先行詞是人時(shí)，一般情況下既可用who 也可用that 。但以下情況下，只能用who。1).當(dāng)先行詞為those、one、ones、anyone且作主語時(shí)，一般用who 。Those _ a

5、re singing are all my classmates .2).在there be 句型中，先行詞指人時(shí)，只能用who。指物時(shí)用that。There is a girl _ expects to see you .3).當(dāng)先行詞是I、you、he、they等時(shí)，只能用who 。He _ plays with fire gets burned .三、定語從句（三）。 由關(guān)系副詞when、where、why引導(dǎo)的定語從句。where = in / at +which when = in / on / at +which why = for + which 1.由where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。

6、1).先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞 2).在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語Is this the house _ you lived ?= Is this the house _ _ you lived ?= Is this the house _ you lived in ?2.由when引導(dǎo)的定語從句。1).先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞 2).在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語I will never forget the days _ I met him .= I will never forget the days _ _ I met him.注：先行詞是the last time 時(shí)，when 可省略。When wa

7、s the last time you saw the parrot ?3.由why引導(dǎo)的定語從句。 先行詞為reason 時(shí)，一般用why 。 why在句中作原因狀語。We dont know the reason _ they didnt come .四、注意事項(xiàng)：1.關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)，?？墒÷浴he story _ he told was very popular .A.who B.whom C.whose D. / 2.that、who、which在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。I loves singers who _(write) their

8、 own songs .She is one of the girls who _(study) hard .3.在定語從句中不能出現(xiàn)代替先行詞的人稱代詞。Will you please show me the book _ yesterday?A. which you bought B. that you bought it C. you bought D. you bought it 4.定語從句中whose 的確定： 無論先行詞是人或物，在定語從句中做定語用whose。判斷：看定語從句的主語前有無限定詞（my、your、Jims等），若沒有，則用whose 。The girl _ par

9、ents work in Beijing is Kate .A. who B. whose C. which D. that I know the boy . His handwriting is very good .= I know the boy _ handwriting is very good.五、定語從句的簡(jiǎn)化 把定語從句簡(jiǎn)化為形容詞短語、過去分詞短語、介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞短語。1.She reveived a box which was full of presents . She reveived a box _ _ presents .2.He likes reading books that was written by Luxun. He likes reading booking _ _ Luxun .3.I like Chinese te