基于團(tuán)隊(duì)的可用性測(cè)試介紹（英文）ppt課件

1、Introduction to Team-based Usability Testing“As companies design more for usability and understanding, they will discover a competitive edge, for these principles save customers time and money while increasing morale. - Donald Norman.ObjectivesUsability overviewSetting objectivesPreparing the test p

2、lanConducting the test.UsabilityUsability “means that the people who use the product can do so quickly and easily to accomplish their own tasks. - Redish and Dumas, A Practical Guide to Usability Testing.UsabilityIs not functionalityFunctionality is how the system worksIs not beta testingBeta testin

3、g is unfocused and at end of processIs not market researchMarket research is about customer demands.When to testDesign phasesurveys and focus groupslow fidelity prototype testinghigh fidelity prototype testingheuristic evaluationDevelopment phaseusability evaluation.Advantages of a usability labLab

4、is helpful for tightly controlling the variablesLab helps capture low-level details keyboard monitoringvideotaping for later analysiseye movement trackingLabs allow less intrusive observations.Disadvantages of a usability labLabs are intimidating to usersLabs are rarely portable so they cannot go in

5、to the users environmentSometimes low-level information is not as important as making high-level design decisionsLabs are expensive.How long will the test take?How much usability testing has already occurred?Have users been profiled?Has a task analysis occurred?Have usability objectives been set?How

6、 complex is the product?How much of the product are you going to test?.How long will the test take?How many test participants do you need to get the information you want?How much training or prior experience does the test team have with the product?How many different usability objectives do you need

7、 to test?.Who should run the test?The most successful approach to usability testing is a cross-functional, team-based approachPeople bring varying expertise to the teamAll groups benefit from experience with usersInterpretation of challenges and design decisions are more creative with teams.Who shou

8、ld run the test?Team-based testing provides a great way to get support involved earlyDevelopers learn to “hear user questions when they design Writers and trainers can help design communication into the productHuman factors experts and user interface designers can provide helpful principles about us

9、ers and design .Who should run the test?More people can be involved in planning the test than in conducting the testTarget 3-5 people for conducting the testSometimes best if the developers are not actively involved in running the test, although they should observe if possible.How do you ensure succ

10、ess?You need the buy-in of upper management if the results are to be appliedYou need the cooperation of development to ensure they dont feel attackedYou need the support of marketing, sales, and product management for fundingYou need the support of your immediate manager to spend time testing.How do

11、 you ensure success?Pick a manageable portion of the product to testSelect a high-profile projectSelect an area that will produce significant resultsAdvertise your successes (become part of the sales story).Stages of a usability testSetting objectivesCreating the test planCreating questionnairesSele

12、cting test participantsTraining the teamConducting the pilot testConducting the tests.Usability objectives Created during user/task analysis and product scopingMust be measurableShould indicate:Type of userTask to be performedSpecific performance criteria.Defining usability objectivesFive attributes

13、 of usability (Nielsen, 1994):Learnability: system is easy to learn so users can get started quicklyEfficiency: system should be easy to use, resulting in high productivityMemorability: system should be easy to rememberErrors: system should have low error rate and allow error recoverySatisfaction: s

14、ystem should be pleasant to use.ExamplesNovice PC users can change the ink cartridge in their color inkjet printer in less than 5 minutes using the user manualUsers will be able to install and configure the default application in less than 15 minutesUsers should rate the product as either “easy to u

15、se or “very easy to use (4 or higher on a 5 point scale).ConsiderationsA single usability objective may result in multiple design decisionsEmphasizes importance of having cross-functional teamFocus on objective that are most important to the success of the product.Test planExplains what you are test

16、ing and how you will conduct the testDo not skip this stepImportant to have a plan that everyone can agree to and understandHelps communicate your intentions to others in the organizationDo not overdo this step.Test planPurposeWhy are you conducting the test?Problem Statement/Test ObjectivesWhat usa

17、bility objectives are you testing?User ProfileWho are your users and their defining characteristics?.Test planMethodDetails how you will run the testTask ListList of the tasks to be completed, projected times for completion, required state of system to test tasksTest Environment/EquipmentList what y

18、ou need to conduct the test.Test planTest Team RolesDefine what each person will doEvaluation MeasuresWhat data you will collect through the testConclusionWhat will happen after the test - reports, design meetings, presentations.Pre-test questionnaireEnsure that participant meets user profileGather

19、additional detail about the participants knowledge and experience.Post-task questionnaireAsks questions about a task as soon as it is completedCaptures feedback when it is freshCan help measure change in attitude toward the taskKeep it short.Post-test questionnaireMeasure satisfaction and reaction t

20、o the product and the overall experienceAsk participants to elaborate on a few critical areas/issues.Training the teamMake sure everyone understands the usability objectives and the testing procedureDefine everyones roles and discuss how they should behave during the test.Conducting a pilot testCond

21、uct a practice test using the complete team, all prepared materials, and the actual facilitiesMake sure at least one person observes the test to make recommendationsRefine any of the materials or facilities as necessary.Selecting test participantsNumber of participants depends on the number of user

22、groups (differentiating characteristics)Target 3-5 users from each user groupBest if users come from the real user population rather than internally .ObserversNot actively involved in conducting the test, but can benefit from observingMust not comment or react to the participants actions or comments

23、Should be separated from the actual room where the testing is going onShould be removed if they cannot avoid feeling defensive or being intrusive.Data loggerBe familiar with any data logging forms Establish standard codes ahead of time for recording events and commentsRemain open to unforeseen direc

24、tionsRecord user comments that summarize or emphasize good and bad pointsKeep track of time.FacilitatorMain contact with the participantsConducts the briefing and debriefingOnly person to talk to the participants during the test.BriefingThank them for participating in the product evaluationAssure us

25、ers that they are not being tested; instead, they are helping you evaluate the productExplain to them what will happen during the test; they will be especially interested in any recording devices and observers.BriefingAsk them to sign a consent form and a non-disclosure agreementEncourage them to think out loud so you can record their actions and the reasons behind their actionsMake sure you explain what they should do if they have questions or experience problems.During the testBe sensitive to excessive frustrationBe ready to handle unpl