被動語態(tài)公開課三陽學校方天有

1、 Passive Voice 被動語態(tài)Review 1.打掃干凈2.使振奮，使高興起來3.分發(fā)，發(fā)放4.推遲；拖延5.建立，想出clean upcheer upgive output offset up6.call up7.put up8.give away9.ask for10.work out11.run out of 打電話張貼捐贈要求；請求產(chǎn)生結(jié)果；發(fā)展用完；用光1) My parents want to go _ on vacation. A. somewhere peaceful B. dangerous somewhere C. somewhere boring D. fasci

2、nating somewhere2) They _ _ all over the country. So they plan _ _ some other country. A. have traveled, visit B. traveled, to visit C. traveled, visiting D. have traveled, to travel3) Some robots are _ to do the same things _ people. A. enough smart, as B. enough smart, with C. smart enough, as D.

3、smart enough, for4) - Must I go out for a walk now? - No, you _.A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. may not5) Did you _ much money on the car?A. cost B. pay C. spend D. take語態(tài)：表示主語和謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。英語有兩種語態(tài)，即主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。 主動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。被動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的承受者。如：Many students study English.(主動語態(tài)) English is studied by m

4、any students. (被動語態(tài))語 態(tài)by many students.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法1.Many students study English.Englishis studied2.They make shoes in that factory.Shoesare madeby themin that factory.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法1.把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。2.把主動語態(tài)的謂語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的謂語(be+done)。3.把主動語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的by 短語。（ by短語可以省。 by短語 后跟代詞的賓格。）by the teacher.3.The t

5、eacher often asks him questions.Heis askedquestions口訣1 賓提前變主，主變介by賓，被動be加done,時態(tài)看主動。被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞不同的時態(tài)有不同的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)1.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homework in the evening.They often use computers in class.We make these machines(機器) in Beijing.Football is played by the

6、m on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing.1. They bought ten computers last term by them last term.2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were +過去分詞last year.2.We planted many trees last year.Many treeswere plantedTen computerswe

7、re boughtThey built the tall building last year.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.We cleaned our classroom just now.They used this room for resting.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us

8、 just now.This room was used for resting by them.3.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：can/may/must/should + be+過去分詞1.Amy can take good care of Gina by Amy.Ginacan be taken good care of2.You should drink more water.More water should be drunkby you.1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must tur

9、n off the lights.4.They should learn English well. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.4.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：will be+過去分詞1.They will finish the work in ten days.by them in ten days.The workwill be

10、finished2.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.The roomwill be cleanedbyTom tomorrow.We will hold a sports meeting next week.Children will take some photos in the school tomorrow.The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be held by us next week.Some photos will be taken by chi

11、ldren in the school tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.5.現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)is / am / are + being 過去分詞1.Some workers are painting the rooms nowby some workers now.The roomsare being painted2.He is watching TV.TVis being watched by him.6.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)have / has been 過去分詞1.We hav

12、e made twenty more keysby us.Twenty more keyshave been made2.We have finished our compositions（作文）.Our compositionshave been finishedby us.表格：被動態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)情態(tài)動詞+be+doneam/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being doneshall/will/be

13、going to be donewould be donehave/has been donehad been done被動語態(tài)的幾種特殊類型（一）如：1.He gave me a book. I was given a book by him. A book was given to me by Tom. 2.He teaches us English. We are taught English by him. English is taught to us by him. 1.帶雙賓語句子的被動語態(tài).常見的接雙賓語的動詞有: to: pass, give, teach, show, br

14、ing, hand for: make, buy, draw, sing, get, 以間接賓語“人”當主語時，變法和一般的變法一樣；以直接賓語“物”當主語時，在保留的間接賓語前必須加to或for.（以I做主語）（以物book作主語）（以人當主語）（以物作主語）口訣2如 遇雙賓語，最好變間賓，如若變直賓，間賓前加to/for。2.含有賓語補足語的句子的被動語態(tài)keep, make 之類的動詞常常有賓語補足 語，在被動語態(tài)中，賓語補足語位置不變。We keep food fresh in the fridge. 主 謂 賓 賓補Food is kept fresh in the fridge.T

15、om made me angry.I was made angry by Tom.即feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ，這些詞在主動句中，其后的動詞不定式不加to，但變被動句時必須加to. 1.I saw him play basketball last Sunday.Hewas seento play basketball last Sunday.2.We heard them sing in the classroom.Theywere heardto sing in the cla

16、ssroom.3.感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態(tài)口訣3 這些動詞真奇怪，主動句中to 離開，被動句中to回 來。（feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch) 不及物動詞沒有賓語，因此沒有被動語態(tài)。但有的不及物動詞后面加上介詞及其他一些詞類構(gòu)成短語動詞之后，其作用相當于及物動詞，可以接賓語，因而也可以變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)。在變成被動語態(tài)時，不能去掉構(gòu)成短語動詞的介詞或副詞.They take good care of my child. I turned off the radio. 4.含有短語的主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)My child is ta

17、ken good care of .The radio was turned off (by me)口訣4原來動詞不及物，構(gòu)成短語成及物，變被動，介、副不可去。下列這些短語本身即是被動語態(tài)的形式，不需再加by be covered with 用覆蓋著 be interested in 對感興趣 be surprised at 對感到驚奇 be made of （from）用制造的動詞短語的被動語態(tài) take care of be taken care of cut down be cut down laugh at be laughed at look afterbe looked after

18、被動語態(tài)的幾種特殊類型（二） 主動式表被動義1。動詞 (表示主語的屬性特征) + 副詞 (well/ badly/easily/smoothly平滑地; 流暢地 ),用主動式表被動義。 read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock, open,cook,shut,dry變干 ,eat,drink,The books _ well A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D.

19、is washedBC主動式表被動義2.不定式在某些形容詞后作狀語,且和句子的主語(或賓語)構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系時,用主動式表被動義。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy,safe,The fish is not fit _(eat)We find English is hard _ (learn)The article is difficult _ (understand).to eatto learnto understand3.不定式作后置定語,與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系,又和該句主語(或賓語)構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時

20、,用主動式表被動義。I have a lot of homework _(do)Ill give him some books _ (read)to doto read表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動詞+adj./n.,用主動式表被動義。4表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動詞+adj./n.,用主動式表被動義。 (look,sound,feel,smell,taste, prove, appear,make,.)The steel（鐵） feels cold5 表示“開始、結(jié)束、運動”的動詞用主動式表被動義。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,.)The s

21、hop opens at 6 am. every day填空（完成被動語態(tài)填空） 1. They often clean their classroom after school . （改為被動語態(tài)） Their classroom _ often _ by them after school. 2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week . （同上） A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week . iscleanedwas given to Practice表示主語的屬性特征的動詞+副詞well/ badly/easily/smoothly,

22、用主動式表被動義6. 作“需要”講的want/need/require后接動名詞作賓語時，用主動式表被動義；當然也可接不定式的被動式（to be done）作賓語。Your jacket needs washing/ to be washedQuiz 1 Quiz 11. The steel _ cold A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is being felt2. His plan _ good A. has sounded B. is sounding C. is sounded D. soundsCDQuiz 2Quiz 2The shop _ at 6 am. every day A. opens B. opened C. is opened D. is openingWork _ at 7 pm. today A. ends B. ended C. was ended D. had endedABThe pen _ smoothly A. was wrote B. writes C. has writing D. is writtenThis coat _ easily A