2022年云南國防工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年云南國防工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【2009.01】He insured his car_he had an accident. A、unless B、if C、since D、in case【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查連詞詞義區(qū)分。句意：他給自己的汽車投了保，以防萬一遇到交通事故。A否則，要不然；B 如果；C 自從，由于；D 以防萬一，以免。 第2題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and

2、 the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own

3、; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter because A、it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own. B、its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it. C、its pull dis

4、appears in the presence of the earths gravitation. D、it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題定位詞是not feelpacket of butter，找到原文中A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the ear

5、th, or the sun.所以答案是B。C項錯在disappear。第3題【單選題】【2009.10】There are many sales this season, during which stores will lower their _ prices. A、normal B、general C、ordinary D、usual【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查形容詞辨析。整句話的意思為：這個季節(jié)有很多促銷活動，在此期間商店都會降低商品的原價。A 正常的、平常的 B 普通的、一般的 C 普通的 D 尋常的、通常的第4題【單選題】【填句補文】 Although the researc

6、hers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any smaller C、to shrink it to t

7、he size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds D、of conducting electricity【正確答案】C【答案解析】這部分所說的體積的減小和所需時間的縮短恰好與前半句中提到的冰箱大小的體積和所需數(shù)分鐘的時間形成了對比。即：目前它大約像冰箱那么大，而且要用幾分鐘掃描一個電路，但是他們正在努力使它縮小到臺式計算機那么大，把掃描時間縮短到30秒。第5題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Fermis genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 193

8、8 he had won a Nobel Prize. Four years later he produced the first nuclear chain reaction, leading us into the nuclear age.Q: Fermi, an experimentalist as well as a theoretician, won a Nobel Prize for producing the first nuclear chain reaction in the world. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選

9、B。Fermi在1938年獲諾貝爾獎，四年以后才建立核連鎖反應(yīng)的。第6題【單選題】Having decided to rent a flat, we _ contacting housing agencies in the city. A、set about B、set down C、set out D、set up【正確答案】A【答案解析】題目意思：（由于）已決定要租一套公寓，我們開始著手與城里的房屋中介機構(gòu)接觸。本題是短語意義區(qū)分題。A 著手，開始做 B 制定，放下，記下 C 出發(fā)，動身 D 建立，提出 第7題【單選題】【完成句子】Certainly there are millions

10、who need to lose weight. But there are also millions who only imagine they need to. Compulsive and continuous dieting, not to mention eating disorders, shows that some of us will do anything to reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape. But is being underweight really desirable?A great

11、 many people go on a diet to_. A、keep fit B、have a body shape that all people will admire C、prolong life span D、get ride of digestive system diseases【正確答案】B【答案解析】本段文字指出，很多人為了達到當前流行的體型（reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape）而不惜通過節(jié)食等方法減肥。因此選擇B。第8題【單選題】【2009.10】Scientists doubt whether

12、 its _ to regulate ones biological clock by drinking. A、feasible B、incredible C、fashionable D、valuable【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查形容詞詞義區(qū)分。科學(xué)家懷疑通過喝酒來調(diào)整人體生物鐘是否可行。A 可行的、可能且合理的 B 不可相信的、難以置信的C 時髦的、時尚的 D 貴重的、寶貴的第9題【單選題】【2009.04】It is not decided _ the conference will be held. A、what B、which C、when D、that【正確答案】C【答案解析

13、】本題考查主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。譯文：大會什么時候召開還沒有決定。詳細解答：A 什么；B 哪一個；C 什么時候；D （無詞義）。第10題【單選題】【2010.04】The spokesman occasionally _ his speech with gestures. A、acknowledges B、accompanies C、attributes D、anticipates【正確答案】B【答案解析】【譯文】這位發(fā)言人講演中偶爾伴有手勢?！驹囶}分析】詞匯題?！驹敿毥獯稹縿釉~的詞義選取。第11題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Hercules served a king. The king was

14、 afraid of him. So again and again he sent him on difficult tasks. One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens (歌女). But no one knew where the garden was.Q: Hercules was given many difficult tasks because the king wanted

15、to get rid of him. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。句子的意思是：國王想除掉Hercules，所以交給他很多艱巨的工作去做。這個信息在短文第二句和第三句中提到了，與短文的意思相符(國王很害怕Hercules，多次交給他艱巨的工作去做)，由此可以推斷本題的正確選項為A。第12題【單選題】【2010.04】We should _ this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance. A、bear B、put C、place D、print【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查詞

16、匯題?！咀g文】 我們應(yīng)當牢牢記?。翰灰悦踩∪?。詳細解答】牢記在心：bear in mind 或者keep in mind第13題【單選題】【2008.10】It is strongly held that new _ must be introduced to protect the right of the immigrants. A、statistics B、constructions C、measures D、concessions【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分?！咀g文】強烈支持采取新措施維護移民的權(quán)力?！驹敿毥獯稹緼 統(tǒng)計學(xué) B 建設(shè) C 措施，辦法 D 讓步，特許權(quán)

17、第14題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken.Q: People living in th

18、e Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。利用“10，000”作為答案線索詞(因為年代通常是用數(shù)字表示)，于是發(fā)現(xiàn)有句子提到當生活在約一萬年前中東地區(qū)的人們發(fā)現(xiàn)從某些植物中可以收獲糧食，并且播種后下一個收獲季節(jié)還能產(chǎn)出更多的糧食時，就邁開了植物和人類聯(lián)系的第1 大步。第15題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting.

19、They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite cha

20、nging weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a

21、 living thing may have the ability_. A、to create an environment of its own B、to remain still when an enemy is near C、to make food from inorganic chemicals D、to change the color of its skin【正確答案】A【答案解析】作者舉例，證明觀點；例子不需要看懂，關(guān)鍵要看論據(jù)；一般論點在前（前一句或段落首句），論據(jù)在后。第16題【單選題】【概括大意】The key to gardening with kids, says

22、Patti Kraemer-Doell, family garden coordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is “Letting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and their appreciation for be

23、ing out in the garden.”The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Different Kinds of Gardens. B、Kinds of Plants in s Home Garden C、The Most Important Point in Family Gardening D、How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段指出家庭園藝的主旨是讓孩子去體驗，培養(yǎng)他們的想象力和鑒賞力。所以答案為C。第17題【單選題】Happiness doesnt always _ mone

24、y. A、go through B、go in for C、go with D、go over【正確答案】C【答案解析】句意：幸福未必總是伴隨金錢而來。go with：伴隨，與.相配第18題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national

25、security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care system. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。問題句說“Hillary的一個競選承諾是改革國家的醫(yī)療制度?！倍径沃皇钦f“女人做教育和醫(yī)療方面的

26、工作有優(yōu)勢”，沒有說Hillary的一個競選承諾式改革國家的醫(yī)療制度，因此問題句的信息在文章中沒有被提到。第19題【單選題】【2010.04】What her grandfather said left a _ impression on her mind. She still remembers it. A、final B、vague C、deep D、main【正確答案】C【答案解析】譯文：她爺爺說的事情給她留下深刻的印象，她仍然還記得。本題考查詞匯。形容詞意義區(qū)分題。final 最終的，vague 模糊的，deep 深的，main 主要的。第20題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Today, wo

27、rking less than a 40-hour week, people enjoy more leisure time. Hence, the wise use of leisure time has become an important problem for everyone, young or old. It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living. Those people have so much l

28、eisure that it is hard for them to find interesting and worthwhile ways to use it.How to spend leisure time wisely is not a particularly difficult problem for people _. A、who are very busy everyday B、who are sick in bed C、who are aged and in good health D、who have retired from work【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題可采用

29、排除法，第三句話（It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living.），可以看出這三類人對于怎樣度過空閑時光是特別困難的，所以可以排除BCD項，選A。第21題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Secondary school had its own share of challenges. I was a tall kid and wasnt good at any sport, except looking. I loved bas

30、ketball and tennis. The first day I held a racket, and I was disgraced by my opponent. He won six straight sets without sweat and there I was, sweating badly like Id run a marathon, whereas I hadnt even made a single point.Stanley was disgraced by his classmate in a _. A、basketball game B、tennis gam

31、e C、marathon game D、football game【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。詞義理解和事實細節(jié)題。通過關(guān)鍵詞disgrace，考生可迅速定位至本段，再通過本段的關(guān)鍵詞racket，可以判定正確答案是網(wǎng)球比賽。第22題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】As far as astronomers（天文學(xué)家） can determine, the entire universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part o

32、f the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist.Astronomers believe that matter in different parts of the

33、 universe A、obeys different laws. B、obeys one common law. C、obeys the same laws. D、obeys no common law.【正確答案】C【答案解析】答題依據(jù)在本段的第二句。科學(xué)家沒有理由懷疑宇宙中的物質(zhì)遵循同一法則，即他們相信宇宙中不同地方的物質(zhì)是遵循同一法則的。第23題【單選題】【2009.01】The twin sisters were identical_ appearance and character. A、of B、with C、in D、to【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查介詞詞義。句意：這對雙

34、胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一樣。be identical to/ with 完全相同的，一模一樣的。本題要說明在某個方面是一樣的，故選C。 第24題【單選題】【2010.04】What her grandfather said left a _ impression on her mind. She still remembers it. A、final B、vague C、deep D、main【正確答案】C【答案解析】譯文：她爺爺說的事情給她留下深刻的印象，她仍然還記得。本題考查詞匯。形容詞意義區(qū)分題。final 最終的，vague 模糊的，deep 深的，main 主要的。第25題【單選

35、題】【閱讀判斷】Every year, in November, Thanksgiving Day reminds us of the good things in life, and people are thankful. On this day people usually eat turkey and great quantities of other foods.Q: The turkey is a most popular food on Thanksgiving Day. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。感恩節(jié)這天火雞通常是

36、必不可少的。因此本題是正確的。第26題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds.Q: During the April 28 earthquake, the whole England was left without power. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。題中說2007

37、年4月28日的地震致使全英格蘭都停電，與文中表達的內(nèi)容不符。文中說地震殃及英格蘭東南部的肯特郡部分地區(qū)，電力中斷，幾千名居民無電可用。the whole England 與 parts of southeast England 是不符的，所以選B。第27題【單選題】Youve broken it now; its no use crying over _ milk! A、spent B、spilt C、spill D、spend【正確答案】B【答案解析】你現(xiàn)在既已把它損壞了，后悔是沒有用的!cry over spilt milk固定搭配，意為“為已經(jīng)發(fā)生而無法補救的事懊悔”，答案選B。第28題

38、【單選題】【2009.01】Modern economics _the countrys agricultural policies. A、undergoes B、understands C、underlies D、undertakes【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟學(xué)是國家農(nóng)業(yè)政策的基礎(chǔ)。考查形近動詞詞義。A 經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受；B 了解；C 成為的基礎(chǔ)；D 承擔，保證。 第29題【單選題】【填句補文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope p

39、ublic, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any smaller C、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seco

40、nds D、of conducting electricity【正確答案】C【答案解析】這部分所說的體積的減小和所需時間的縮短恰好與前半句中提到的冰箱大小的體積和所需數(shù)分鐘的時間形成了對比。即：目前它大約像冰箱那么大，而且要用幾分鐘掃描一個電路，但是他們正在努力使它縮小到臺式計算機那么大，把掃描時間縮短到30秒。第30題【單選題】【完成句子】In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because, British wage r

41、ates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.Robots are less popular in Britain today partly because _. A、too much energy B、based on American designs C、t

42、hey are too costly D、they are not reliable【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段第二句就是講的兩個原因，即人們的工資水平太低，也就是沒有能力使機器人發(fā)揮出創(chuàng)造財富的作用，言下之意就是成本高。第二個原因就是人們逐漸意識到了操縱機器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以應(yīng)該選C。第31題【單選題】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gav

43、e up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Importance of learning from failure B、Never a successful man gives up C、It is important to

44、fail for a successful man D、EdisonS comment on failure【正確答案】D【答案解析】通過應(yīng)用部分可以看出這段文字的主題是愛迪生對失敗的評論。因此選擇D。第32題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone（天然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle（長柄勺）. Placed on a stone board with a smooth

45、 surface, the lodestone would move round until the handle of the ladle pointed south while the bulk（主體）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from about 80. Other ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade（玉石）

46、finders played an important role in the invention of the ladle. They travelled great distances to look for jade. In order not to lose directions, they would take a ladle with them.When did the Chinese invent the compass? A、In 1492. B、In the thirteen century A.D. C、In A.D. 80. D、At least 2000 years a

47、go.【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段中Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass.直接告訴我們中國發(fā)明指南針的時間。第33題【單選題】【2009.01】Modern economics _the countrys agricultural policies. A、undergoes B、understands C、underlies D、undertakes【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟學(xué)是國家農(nóng)業(yè)政策的基礎(chǔ)。考查形近動詞詞義。A 經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受；B 了解；C 成為

48、的基礎(chǔ)；D 承擔，保證。 第34題【單選題】【2007.04】Having decided to rent a flat, we _ contacting housing agencies in the city. A、set about B、set down C、set out D、set up【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查關(guān)于set的短語。contacting housing agencies：聯(lián)系房屋中介。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選set about。set about：開始做某事。set down：放下，擱下；記下，記載，寫下。set out：出發(fā)，開始，后面跟to do sth。set u

49、p：建立（事業(yè)）；成立（組織）；為某人提供必需品或有用的東西。 第35題【單選題】【2009.10】The profit-sharing plan is designed to _ the staff to work hard. A、calculate B、demonstrate C、speculate D、motivate【正確答案】D第36題【單選題】【2008.04】The cloth had a natural look which perfectly _ the image Laura sought. A、turned out B、set down C、thought over D、

50、coincided with【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查短語意義辨析。這塊布料看起來很自然，與勞拉尋找的樣式完全相符。A. 關(guān)閉； B.制定、放下； D. 與相同、與相符。第37題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Every year, in November, Thanksgiving Day reminds us of the good things in life, and people are thankful. On this day people usually eat turkey and great quantities of other foods.Q: The turkey is

51、 a most popular food on Thanksgiving Day. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。感恩節(jié)這天火雞通常是必不可少的。因此本題是正確的。第38題【單選題】【2008.04】New drivers are far more _ to have accidents than experienced drivers. A、possible B、likely C、probable D、unlikely【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查形容詞辨析。句子翻譯：新司機比起有經(jīng)驗的老司機出交通事故的可能性要大得多。 A. 可

52、能（發(fā)生、存在）的; B. 有可能 be likely to ; C. 大概的、可能的; D不可能的 應(yīng)用舉例：Ill do everything possible to help you. 我會盡一切可能幫助你。He is likely to arrive a bit late. 他有可能會晚到一會兒。第39題【單選題】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually under

53、go intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to _. A、the persistence of h

54、eavy metals B、industrially polluted soils C、naturally polluted soils D、rock and soil chemistry【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金屬，而且重金屬很穩(wěn)定，不容易降解，所以要對重金屬進行徹底的清除。答案選擇A。第40題【單選題】【2007.04】Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be _. A、shut down B、done away C、gone off D、called off【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查

55、詞義辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shut down：關(guān)閉（工廠）；（工廠）停工，關(guān)閉。do away常與with搭配，構(gòu)成do away with。go off：爆炸，（鬧鈴）響。 第41題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】But just like your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.Scientists have known

56、 for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the bodys clock were handled through the same pathways that we use to see.Which of the following statements is NOT true a

57、ccording to the fourth and fifth paragraphs? A、Our biological clock resets itself automatically. B、Light gets through our eyes and resets our biological clock. C、Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically. D、Our internal clock, like the alarm clock, can be reset.【正確答案】C

58、【答案解析】是非判斷題，根據(jù)第五自然段首句But just like（和一樣） your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.代詞 it指代biological clock，不是選項internal clock和alarm clock都可以自動調(diào)節(jié)。得到答案為C。A D 我們的生物鐘自動調(diào)節(jié)。B 光線通過我們的眼睛調(diào)節(jié)生物鐘，與原文一致。

59、第42題【單選題】【填句補文】All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. _. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today. A、Critics also say that m

60、ost parents are not well qualified to teach their children. B、In some countries, however, children are educated by their parents. C、Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions. D、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.【正確答案】D【答案解析】后文出現(xiàn)了home-schoolers，根據(jù)選項，這里應(yīng)該是對