護(hù)本15年練習(xí)卷4(共9頁(yè))

1、上海交通大學(xué)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(wnglu)學(xué)院醫(yī)學(xué)院分院2015年（13春、秋年級(jí)(ninj)）畢業(yè)理論綜合考試(kosh)練習(xí)卷（4）專業(yè)：護(hù) 理 學(xué)（專升本）一、英語(yǔ)：(30%)I Vocabulary & StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.1What you say now i

2、s not _ with what you said yesterday Ainsistent Bprevalent Cconsistent Dpermanent2Putting prisoners in chains doesnt solve the _ 0f crime，such as poverty or disaffection within societyAcauses Bvictims Cpurposes Dincreases3The book fair has received a positive _ _ from readers.A. result B. response C

3、. settlement D. solution4If the operation _ _ carefully prepared, it would not have been successful.A. was not B. has not been C. had not been D. were not5No sooner had we reached home a violent storm broke out.A. when B. that Cuntil Dthan6People differone another their ability to handle stress.A. f

4、rom.to Bfrom.in C. for.in D. in.from7He was specifically asked to write a play that would be_to the local community.A. flexible B. Accessible C. Responsible D. Capable8It is strongly held that new_must be introduced to protect the right of the immigrants.A. statistics B. constructions C. measures D.

5、 Concessions9 Johnson was _unknown before running for the presidency.A. visibly B. visually C. vertically D. virtually10The volunteers would rather go by train than_.A. to drive B. drive C. driven D. to be driven11If payment is not received, legal action will be our only_ .A. aggression B. advantage

6、 C. alternative D. ambition12Dont trust everything_ you have read in the newspapers.A. which B. that C. as D. what13_Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class.A. What B. Which C. That D. Who14It is not decided _ the conference will be held.A. what B. which C. when D. that15A computer can only

7、 do _you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when16-John, when shall we meet again, Thursday or Friday? -_. Ill be off to London then. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None17-The Modern Art Exhibition in the City Museum has been cancelled. -Oh, no!_. A. Its a pity B. It doesnt matter

8、 C. I knew it already D. Its not interesting at all18Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _.We must act immediately before theres left.A. have run out B. are running outC. have been run out D. are being run out19It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic _ Zheng sailed to E

9、ast AfricaA. when B. that C. after D. since20New technologies have made _ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A. that B. this C. one D. it II. ClozeHowever careful one may be, he cannot possibly listen carefully to everything that he hears. There are 21 of reasons for this.

10、One of them is the overload of messages most of us 22 each day. In addition to the numerous hours we spend hearing other people speak, we may spend several hours listening to the radio or sitting in front of a television set. 23 , it is impossible to focus our attention completely on what is said; o

11、ur mind might be wandering elsewhere. Preoccupation with our personal concerns is 24 reason we dont always listen carefully. A romance gone sour or a good grade on a test may take prominence in our mind even as 25 is speaking to us. Furthermore, we are surrounded by all kinds of noises which interfe

12、re with listening.21. A. the number B. a number C. number D. numbers22. A. accept B. obtain C. receive D. possess23. A. Besides B. Whereas C. Otherwise D. Nevertheless24. A. other B. some C. the other D. another25. A. anyone B. everyone C. someone D. fewIII. Reading ComprehensionDirections: There is

13、 a passage in this part. The passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the best answer to each question based on the passage.Passage：There was a strange girl in my high school whom we all called th

14、e Bird. We called her that because of her nervous, birdlike movements.Her skin looked as if it had never felt the sun, and there was usually a red spot in the middle of her forehead.She had thin black hair on her arms long enough to comb, and she wore clothes that had been out of fashion since Shirl

15、ey Temples time.She was so often laughed at that it shames me to this day to think that I was part of it.Oh, I never laughed at her in her face; I wasnt that brave.Id wait until she hurried by and join the other guys.And its important when youre a teenager to join in the laughter so that the laughte

16、r will not turn on you.I remember one day when the Bird was surrounded by three or four rude guys who had stopped her in the hall between classes. They were moving their arms up and down like birds and shouting in her ear.She was terrified and there was fright in her eyes.A couple of her books fell

17、to the floor.Then this girl came out of nowhere.Id never seen such anger in a girl before.She went up to the leader of the guys and shouted angrily, “Stop it!Cant you see what youre doing?”The guys backed off, astonished.Then the girl went over to the Bird and put her arm around her shoulders and wa

18、lked her to class.I thought about the Bird when I read about Nathan Faris, the little boy who shot a classmate and killed himself after being laughed at by the kids in his school. I thought of how I had been part of her misery, how more than twenty years later it still bothered me.But I also thought

19、 of what I had learned that day about respect and bravery, about being a human being, from a girl whose name I dont even know.And I wonder whether that one act of kindness might have saved another girls life.26The girl was called the Bird mainly because of her_.A. outdated dressB. color of her hairC

20、. physical appearance D. birdlike actions27The author joined other teenagers in laughing at the Bird because he_.A. shared their opinion of her nervous actionsB. did not dare to laugh at her in her faceC. feared that they would laugh at him D. was ashamed of her peculiar movements28When the kind gir

21、l came to the Birds help, the teenagers were_.A. angry B. afraid C. shocke D. ashamed29The story of Nathan Faris reminded the author that_.A. he should have asked the girls nameB. a kind act may change a persons lifeC. boys were not as brave as girls in school D. the girl had saved the life of the B

22、ird30What the author learns from the kind girl is_.A. shame and miseryB. respect and courageC. shame and kindnessD. respect and love二、健康(jinkng)評(píng)估：（25%）A型題（在一組備選(bi xun)答案中，選擇一個(gè)(y )最佳答案）：31下述各項(xiàng)中，應(yīng)當(dāng)在對(duì)病人進(jìn)行問(wèn)診時(shí)，不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)的是： A復(fù)述患者敘述的內(nèi)容或提出質(zhì)疑 B對(duì)患者表述的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行解析C澄清相關(guān)內(nèi)容 D打斷患者的敘述 32個(gè)體沉溺于病人角色，對(duì)自我能力懷疑，對(duì)原承擔(dān)的角色恐懼，其發(fā)生的角色適應(yīng)

23、不良被稱為是 A. 病人角色沖突 B. 病人角色缺如 C. 病人角色強(qiáng)化 D. 病人角色消退 33糖尿病酮癥酸中毒患者，會(huì)出現(xiàn)： A惡臭味 B氨味 C蒜味 D爛蘋(píng)果味34下列有關(guān)超聲檢查的敘述錯(cuò)誤的是 A. 常規(guī)肝、膽、胰B超檢查要求空腹, 膽道檢查的準(zhǔn)備要求禁食8hr,且檢查前一天晚清淡飲食 B. 肝硬化聲像圖顯示肝表面“鋸齒狀”或凸凹狀,肝實(shí)質(zhì)回聲不均勻增強(qiáng)C. 超聲檢查是診斷膽囊結(jié)石最簡(jiǎn)便、最準(zhǔn)確的方法、準(zhǔn)確率95%D. 膽囊結(jié)石B超顯示為強(qiáng)回聲光團(tuán),后伴聲影,且不隨體位變動(dòng)而移動(dòng) 35對(duì)疾病預(yù)防的描述，下列陳述錯(cuò)誤的是 A. 一級(jí)預(yù)防是在疾病發(fā)生的早期針對(duì)病因采取的措施。B. 一級(jí)預(yù)防

24、包括健康促進(jìn)與健康保護(hù)兩個(gè)方面。C. 二級(jí)預(yù)防主要是在疾病的潛伏期的預(yù)防措施，為阻止或延緩疾病發(fā)展而采取的措施D三級(jí)預(yù)防主要包括對(duì)癥治療和康復(fù)治療36傷寒、副傷寒時(shí)出現(xiàn)的特征性皮疹是： A斑丘疹 B蜘蛛痣 C蕁麻疹 D玫瑰疹 37下列各種疾病中，是由于甲狀腺素分泌不足引起的是A. 侏儒癥 B. Addisons 病 C. 呆小癥 D. 卵巢(luncho)多囊癥38瞳孔縮小(suxio)見(jiàn)于： A阿托品中毒(zhng d) B有機(jī)磷中毒 C可卡因藥物反應(yīng)D視神經(jīng)萎縮 39正常成人胸廓前后徑與橫徑之比為： A1:1 B1:1.5 C1:2 D1:2.5 40“三凹征”是哪一種呼吸困難的特征表現(xiàn)？

25、 A呼氣性呼吸困難 B吸氣性呼吸困難 C心源性呼吸困難D精神性呼吸困難 41哮鳴音可出現(xiàn)在： A肺淤血 B肺結(jié)核空洞 C支氣管肺炎 D阻塞性肺氣腫 42男，18歲右側(cè)胸痛2周，伴呼吸困難。體檢發(fā)現(xiàn)：氣管左偏，右側(cè)胸廓飽滿，叩診濁音；右側(cè)呼吸音及語(yǔ)音震顫均減弱。最有可能的診斷是：A右側(cè)大葉性肺炎 B右側(cè)氣胸 C右側(cè)肺不張 D右側(cè)胸腔積液 43心包積液的心濁音界特征為：A心濁音界向左下增大 B心濁音界向右增大 C 梨形心 D心界向兩側(cè)增大，并隨體位而改變 44毛細(xì)血管搏動(dòng)征、槍擊音，見(jiàn)于脈壓增大的疾病，此時(shí)脈搏可出現(xiàn)： A無(wú)脈 B細(xì)脈 C奇脈 D水沖脈 45以下哪一項(xiàng)不一定說(shuō)明心臟有器質(zhì)性病變？

26、A舒張期雜音 B心包摩檫音 C奔馬律 D心律不齊46腹部檢查，最主要和常用的檢查方法是： A視診 B聽(tīng)診 C叩診 D觸診 47關(guān)于腹部反跳痛不正確的是： A檢查時(shí)腹部出現(xiàn)壓痛后手指于原處稍停片刻，見(jiàn)于急慢性腹膜炎 B檢查時(shí)腹部出現(xiàn)壓痛后迅速抬手 C當(dāng)突然抬手時(shí)腹膜被牽拉引起疼痛 D陽(yáng)性說(shuō)明腹膜壁層已受累及 48露齒時(shí)鼻唇溝變淺，腦神經(jīng)受損是指：A三叉神經(jīng) B面神經(jīng) C位聽(tīng)神經(jīng) D舌下神經(jīng) 49指鼻試驗(yàn)用于檢查： A不隨意運(yùn)動(dòng) B肌張力 C共濟(jì)運(yùn)動(dòng) D復(fù)合感覺(jué) 50屬于淺反射的是： A提睪反射 B肱二頭肌反射 C膝腱反射 DOppenheim征 51男性，66歲，昏迷，皮膚黏膜呈櫻紅色，提示可能

27、存在：A亞硝酸鹽中毒 B酮癥酸中毒 C巴比妥類中毒 D一氧化碳中毒52關(guān)于家庭的敘述，不正確的是：A家庭至少應(yīng)包含2個(gè)成員，可以是基于婚姻關(guān)系而形成的社會(huì)共同體B家庭可以是基于血緣關(guān)系而形成的社會(huì)共同體C家庭可以是基于收養(yǎng)關(guān)系而形成的社會(huì)共同體D家庭的功能不包括社會(huì)化功能53在美國(guó)，通常將罹患癌癥的信息直接告訴患者(hunzh)，而在我國(guó)告訴患者時(shí)比較謹(jǐn)慎。這主要是因?yàn)椋?A宗教信仰不同(b tn) B種族背景(bijng)不同 C價(jià)值觀不同拜 D道德和法律不同 54甲狀腺吸碘率測(cè)定前，應(yīng)告訴患者停用含碘量高的食物，主要是： A牛、羊肉 B蚌、魚(yú)、蝦、蟹 C豆及豆制品新鮮蔬菜 D海帶、紫菜、海

28、蟄、苔條55因搶救危重病人未能及時(shí)書(shū)寫(xiě)的記錄，應(yīng)在多少時(shí)間內(nèi)據(jù)實(shí)補(bǔ)記，并注明“補(bǔ)記”？ A6小時(shí)內(nèi) B12小時(shí)內(nèi) C24小時(shí)內(nèi) D36小時(shí)內(nèi) 三、成人護(hù)理學(xué)（45%）：A型題（在一組備選答案中，選擇一個(gè)最佳答案）：56肺癌的早期癥狀是： A咳嗽，痰中帶血 B咳膿痰 C大咯血 D聲音嘶啞 57支氣管擴(kuò)張大咯血窒息患者，應(yīng)采取的正確臥位是： A頭低位 B俯臥位 C平臥位 D端坐臥位 58治療支氣管哮喘時(shí)，快速靜脈注射氨茶堿的主要副作用為：A口干和皮疹 B心律失常和低血壓 C腹痛和腹瀉 D耳鳴和高血壓 59急性呼吸衰竭是指動(dòng)脈血氧分壓（PaO2）：A 3.65 kPa B 4.65 kPa C 5.

29、65 kPa D 6.65 kPa 60慢性肺源性心臟病主要死亡原因是( )A. 肺性腦病 B.心力衰竭 C.肝衰竭 D. 心律失常 61急性心肌梗死發(fā)病后24小時(shí)內(nèi)致死的最常見(jiàn)原因是（ ）A.心源性休克 B. 急性房顫 C.急性左心衰竭 D.室性心律失常 62下列屬于度房室傳導(dǎo)阻滯心電圖表現(xiàn)的是：APR間期進(jìn)行性延長(zhǎng)，直至QRS波群脫落 BPR間期超過(guò)0.20秒，無(wú)QRS波群脫落CPP間隔相等，RR間隔相等 DP 波頻率大于QRS波頻率6312.心絞痛發(fā)作時(shí)首要的處理措施為 A.立即進(jìn)行心電監(jiān)護(hù) B.舌下含化硝酸甘油 C. 讓病人立即停止活動(dòng)，坐下休息 D. 舌下含化硝酸異山梨酯 64高血壓

30、患者最常受累的臟器為：A腎臟 B腦 C眼底 D心臟 65不能采用介入治療方法的為：A冠心病心絞痛 B二尖瓣狹窄 C陣發(fā)性室性心動(dòng)過(guò)速 D肥厚性梗阻型心臟病 66上消化道嘔出大量鮮紅色血液，且不易控制的常見(jiàn)病為：A消化性潰瘍(kuyng)出血 B應(yīng)激性潰瘍出血(ch xi) C食管(shgun)胃底靜脈曲張破裂出血 D急性出血性胃炎出血 67門(mén)靜脈高壓最危急的并發(fā)癥是：A食管、胃底靜脈曲張破裂 B肝性腦病 C脾功能亢進(jìn)D嚴(yán)重頑固性腹水 68肝硬化失代償期的檢查結(jié)果不正確的為： A凝血因子減少，血紅蛋白減低 B雄激素減少 C腎上腺糖皮質(zhì)激素減少 D雌激素減少 69肝昏迷病人昏迷期的檢查結(jié)果不包括：

31、A肌張力降低，各種反射消失 B抽搐 C腦電圖異常 D撲翼樣震顫70確診胃癌最可靠的方法為：A消化道鋇餐 B大便潛血陽(yáng)性 C胃B超 D纖維胃鏡 71提示上消化道出血停止的臨床表現(xiàn)是：A腸鳴音亢進(jìn) B黑便次數(shù)增加 C脈壓變小 D末梢循環(huán)改善 72引起急性腎炎水腫的機(jī)制是：A大量蛋白尿?qū)е碌偷鞍籽Y B腎小球?yàn)V過(guò)率下降 C血漿膠體滲透壓降低 D毛細(xì)血管通透性增高 73慢性腎衰竭患者需嚴(yán)格記錄出入液量是因?yàn)榛颊哂校篈脫水 B水腫 C脫水或水腫 D低鉀血癥 74護(hù)理少尿與無(wú)尿患者，最重要的措施是：A臥床休息，預(yù)防感染 B限制蛋白質(zhì)的攝入 C保證飲食總熱量 D嚴(yán)格控制水、鈉攝入75急性白血病患者出現(xiàn)頭痛、

32、惡心、嘔吐、頸項(xiàng)強(qiáng)直等癥狀常提示： A顱內(nèi)出血 B敗血癥 C上消化道出血 D腦膜白血病 76Hodgin（霍奇金）病最常見(jiàn)的首發(fā)癥狀為： A頸部和鎖骨上淋巴結(jié)腫大 B皮膚瘙癢 C持續(xù)性周期性發(fā)熱 D出血傾向，肝脾腫大77長(zhǎng)期使用哪一類降糖藥最可能出現(xiàn)乳酸性酸中毒的嚴(yán)重不良反應(yīng)？A磺脲類，噻唑烷二酮類 B諾和龍、那格列萘 C雙胍類 D 葡萄糖苷酶抑制劑 78為了抑制甲狀腺素的釋放，減少甲狀腺血供，術(shù)前常用的藥物為：A普萘洛爾 B苯巴比妥 C甲狀腺素 D復(fù)方碘化鉀 E硫氧嘧啶 79術(shù)后并發(fā)甲狀腺危象的主要原因是：A術(shù)前準(zhǔn)備不充分 B術(shù)中出血過(guò)多 C術(shù)后未服碘劑D甲狀腺切除過(guò)少 80對(duì)腰麻后頭痛的預(yù)防措施是：A給予預(yù)防性止痛藥 B給予鎮(zhèn)靜劑 C靜脈輸液 D麻醉后去枕平臥68小時(shí) 81低滲性脫水的常見(jiàn)原因是：A急性(jxng)腸梗阻 B慢性(mn xng)十二指腸瘺 C肺炎(fi