漢語文化教學(xué)-說課之中國扇子

1、漢語文化教學(xué)-說課之中國扇子扇子，在中國已經(jīng)有了四、五千年的歷史了，是中華民族文化的代表產(chǎn)物。Fan in China ，with a long history of four or five thousand years, is a product representative of Chinese national culture. 鐵扇公主濟(jì)公一、扇子的歷史（History）扇子最早出現(xiàn)在商代，用五光十色的野雞毛制成，稱之為“障扇”。當(dāng)時，扇子是作為帝王外出巡視時遮陽擋風(fēng)避沙之用。The fan first appeared in the Shang Dynasty, made the

2、resplendent with variegated coloration pheasant feather, called disabled. 一、扇子的歷史（History）戰(zhàn)國晚期開始，扇子開始在民間流行。當(dāng)時扇子多為禽類羽毛制成，故稱“羽扇”，多在貴族階層中使用。The late warring states period, the fan started in folk pop. When the fan for more poultry feathers, therefore calls feather fan, used in the aristocracy. 一、扇子的歷史（

3、History）東漢過后出現(xiàn)了很多種扇子，許多扇子因?yàn)樾∏墒艿疆?dāng)時仕女的喜愛。After the eastern han dynasty appeared a lot of kinds of fans, many fans won ladies love for their delicate size.一、扇子的歷史（History）隨著時間的變化，扇子除了用來扇風(fēng)，更多的是用作一種裝飾，充滿了藝術(shù)的風(fēng)味。Fan as time changes, in addition to the wind, more is used as a decoration, full of art flavor.

4、 二、扇子的結(jié)構(gòu)（Structure）折扇的主要構(gòu)成：扇面(sector) 扇骨(Fan rib )扇骨：是支撐、保護(hù)扇面的部件(Support and protect )扇釘：是固定扇骨的軸，用來控制扇子的開合(fixed)扇面：位于扇骨上，主要特色在扇面呈現(xiàn)團(tuán)扇三、扇子的種類（classification）檀香扇折扇編織扇團(tuán)扇 Circular fan團(tuán)扇又稱宮扇、紈扇。因形似圓月，且宮中多用之，故稱。是一種圓形有柄的扇子，也是中國漢族傳統(tǒng)工藝品及藝術(shù)品。團(tuán)扇的扇面近似圓形，扇柄不長。邊框及柄以竹制，扇面用潔白的絲娟，上畫山水、花鳥等。團(tuán)扇簡介 Fan profileThe fan is

5、also called the palace fan, silk fan. For the shape of Moon Palace, and the use of, hence the name. Is a round handle of the fan, but also Chinese traditional crafts and art of Han nationality.團(tuán)扇的分類 Fan classification團(tuán)扇根據(jù)扇面裝飾材質(zhì)可分為書畫團(tuán)扇和刺繡團(tuán)扇，其中又包括日月，山水，人物，花鳥等圖案。書畫團(tuán)扇Calligraphy and painting fan刺繡團(tuán)扇Embr

6、oidery fan團(tuán)扇與中國書畫 在中國書畫的門類中，歷代書畫家大都喜歡在扇面上繪畫或書寫以抒情達(dá)意，或?yàn)樗耸詹鼗蛸浻讶艘栽娏裟?。Fan and Chinese calligraphy and paintingIn China painting and calligraphy classes, Chinese Calligraphers and painters in the sector most like painting or writing to express ones thoughts and feelings, or for others collection or with

7、 friends in poetry as a souvenir. 書畫團(tuán)扇欣賞Fan appreciation團(tuán)扇與中國刺繡 Fan and China embroideryDuring the Qin and Han Dynasties, embroidery technology in our country has a very developed, but the embroidery fan was produced in the “embroidered paintings” popular in the Tang dynasty.秦漢時期，我國的刺繡工藝已非常發(fā)達(dá)，但刺繡團(tuán)扇卻

8、產(chǎn)生于“畫繡”流行的唐代。中國絲織品的種類很多，制作團(tuán)扇大多采用質(zhì)地輕薄的材料，如紗、絹等。刺繡團(tuán)扇欣賞Fan appreciation檀香扇 Sandalwood fan 檀香簡介（pro Sandalwood ）檀香源于印度，廣泛用于佛教，被稱為佛樹；檀香木有招財避邪之用，被譽(yù)為“招財之樹”，是金錢的招財寶樹Sandalwood from India, is widely used in Buddhism, known as the Buddha tree; Sandalwood is lucky ward off evil spirits, and is known as lucky t

9、ree, is the fortune of money tree 檀香扇作為漢族特色手工藝品 ，蘇州一大特產(chǎn) Sandalwood fan as han Chinese characteristics handicrafts, a specialty in suzhou 制作精細(xì)，扇面繪有精美圖案，題材廣泛，色彩優(yōu)雅，是賞心悅目的藝術(shù)品。Made careful, sector with exquisite design, is a feast for the eyes of art 檀香扇的代表類型（Typical fan） 分為團(tuán)扇和折扇兩種團(tuán)扇雅而不俗 裝飾性強(qiáng) 多數(shù)作為裝飾品折扇種類

10、豐富 名稱雅致具有美觀大方，攜帶方便的特點(diǎn)扇風(fēng)送涼breezing to cool 驅(qū)趕蚊蟲preventing mosquitoes 情侶定情信物，愛情的象征Both couples a token, a symbol of love 檀香扇的功能 Function檀香扇與雕刻藝術(shù)以雕刻人物、山水為主，也有雕刻花鳥、魚蟲的，栩栩如生，令人驚嘆不已。With carved figures, landscape is given priority to, also have carved flowers and birds, and worms, lifelike, amazing.雕刻藝術(shù)花鳥

11、題材人物山水檀香扇欣賞Fan appreciation折扇Folding Fan折扇簡介 profile一般說來，折扇是一種日用品，主要的原材料是竹、紙等。折扇攜帶方便，出入懷袖，扇面書畫，是文人雅士的最愛。Generally speaking, folding fan is a kind of commodity, the main raw material is bamboo, paper, etc. Folding fan, easy to carry out his sleeve, sector calligraphy and painting, is a favorite of li

12、terati. 折扇的代表類型（Typical fan） 扇面以其本身材料，加工和裝飾來分，有紙扇面和絹扇面兩大類。 紙扇 （paper fan） 絹扇 （silk fan） 折扇 與 書畫藝術(shù) 古往今來，許多文人騷客在扇面上留下的題詩、書法和繪畫，備受人們的珍愛和收藏，由此而繁衍出來的另一種傳統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)形式扇面書畫。 Through the ages ,many men of literature and writing had been living poetry、calligraphy and traditional chinese painting in the fans.Therefo

13、re,the phenomenon can develop into a genre of colorful fan-art. 扇面畫常用的題材有仕女、山水、花鳥魚蟲以及詩詞書法藝術(shù)等。扇面 之 花鳥蟲魚 (flower and painting)扇面之 山水仕女(landscapes and meticulous ladies )扇面之 人物故事(the charaters and the story)扇面之 詩詞書法(poetry and calligraphy)編織扇 Braided fan 一、蒲葵扇 二、四川竹絲扇 三、新會織扇 四、浦江麥稈扇 種類（classification）

14、蒲葵扇 四川竹絲扇新會織扇浦江麥稈扇蒲葵扇(Palmetto Fan)用蒲葵葉制成的扇。俗稱蒲扇，亦稱“葵扇”“芭蕉扇”。這種扇輕便風(fēng)大，價格低廉，從古到今人們都喜歡用它。This fan portable wind is big, the price is low, from ancient people like to use it. 四、扇子的制作（making）檀香扇折扇團(tuán)扇團(tuán)扇制作準(zhǔn)備工具：工藝鐵絲、絲布、剪刀、針線、筆（鉛筆、毛筆）、顏料。Prepare tools: craft wire, wire cloth, scissors, sewing, pen (pencil, Ma

15、o Bi), pigment.The fan of the productionThe first step, the process of wire into a circle,then The excess wire loop handle into a handle.第一步：用工藝鐵絲彎出一個圓，把剩余鐵絲紐成一個手柄。第二步：用絲布剪成比鐵絲的圓更大一點(diǎn)的圓。注意是雙面的。The second step: use cloth cut into the wire round than a larger circle. Attention is two-sided.第三步：用棉線把雙面絲布

16、縫在鐵絲邊框上。The third step: the double-sided cloth sewn with cotton thread in wire frame.第四步：選定好花樣之后，用鉛筆描摹線稿。也可以打印出稿子在襯在下面描摹。The fourth step: after the selected pattern, use a pencil to depict the line draft. Can also print the manuscript in the lining in the following description.第五步：線稿描摹完成后，用細(xì)小的毛筆按畫稿上

17、色。The fifth step: line draft description is completed, with a small brush to color sketch.第六步：涂色完成后，將扇面懸掛晾干。再配以吊墜等小飾品即可。The sixth step: the painting is completed, will fan hang dry. With pendants and other small accessories can be.折扇制作1、扇面:將彩色紙片剪成扇形Cut the colorfulpaper into the fan2、扇骨：細(xì)線穿過竹片Put th

18、eline through thebamboo3、整合：將扇面用膠水貼在做好的扇骨上Mix themby using the glue 折紙扇DIY檀香扇制作第一步：選題材（Choose subject ）檀香扇題材廣泛，可以是花鳥魚蟲，山水人物，也可以是詩詞歌賦要考慮圖案的單獨(dú)性和完整性Sandalwood fan theme is extensive, can be a flower, landscape character, also can be verses to consider the design of single sex and integrity 第二步：選料 定型（material）選擇優(yōu)等檀木作為原料修整，打磨，然后定好扇頭和扇尾，串聯(lián)起來。第三步：拉花材料是鋼條線鋸。打孔后，開始拉花，不僅需要技術(shù)高超，還要有耐心。Material is steel wire saw. After punching, began to garland, not only need skill, to be patient. 第四步：燙花工具是電筆，在扇骨上燙