M2U1Grammar--現(xiàn)在完成時

1、1.Present Perfect Tense2.Present Perfect Continuous TenseM2U1 、現(xiàn)在完成時 1.現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成 2.現(xiàn)在完成時的用法、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時 1.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成 2.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的用法、現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的比較learning objects1.現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成：主動式:have/has done被動式:have/has been done1. Present Perfect Tense 現(xiàn)在完成時The boy _(catch)a bird. He is very happy.has caughtLook, the wi

2、ndow is open. Eric _(open) the window.has opened現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生或已完成的動作，或某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間副詞just, already, before, yet, never, ever, lately, recently等狀語連用。小結(jié)：現(xiàn)在完成時用法1-已完成、影響性用法 already:用于肯定句;yet:用于否定和疑問句Ex:A:Have you_ been to New York?B: No, I havent been to New York_. But I will go to New Y

3、ork this summer.A:Im sure youll like it.Hey, do you know that my family have owned a plane_1920.B:I dont believe your family have had a plane_ over 80 years.A:In fact, you have seen it in the sitting room_.B:Yes,I have_ noticed it.But I have seen it many times.Its only a model.eversinceforalreadyyet

4、justonce/twice/three times/ yet, ever, recently/lately, since, for, already, just現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還會持續(xù)下去的動作或狀態(tài)?？梢院捅硎緩倪^去某一時刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)）的一段時間的狀語連用。如： for和since， so far, up to now, today, until/till, this week (month, year) during /over /in the past few years (weeks, months) 現(xiàn)在完成時用法2-未完成用法小結(jié)：Fil

5、l in the blanks:. a. She has learnt English 3 years.b. She has learnt English 3 years ago.c. They have lived here _1990.forsincesince I (see) her so far. What _ (happen) to the USA in the past 35 years?havent seen has happened他死了3年了。He has been dead for 3 years /since 3 years ago.帶for和since的陳述句，肯定不能

6、用瞬間動詞，但是否定可以I havent buy anything for a long time.For +一段時間Since+ 時間點他吸煙有3年了。He has smoked for 3 years.It is /has been 3 years since he began to smoke.since + 瞬間動詞 本意 延續(xù)性動詞 反義It is /has been 3 years since he smoked.自從他不吸煙已經(jīng)3年了。Eric _ the door just now.I _ the film.I _ the film last week.openedhave s

7、eensawTip1:現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語都是表示時間不明確或不重要的詞有明確時間，用一般過去時 I went to Egypt in 1986. I went to Egypt in 2004. I _ (be) to Egypt twice. have beenTip2: 去過某地have/has been to去了某地have/has gone to現(xiàn)在完成時可過去發(fā)生過一次或多次的情況，也可以說是一種經(jīng)歷。現(xiàn)在完成時用法3-經(jīng)驗性用法I havent seen anything so beautiful in my life.小結(jié)：1)是第幾次做This (That/It) is th

8、e first (second) time + that-clause This is the first time that I _ (see) pandas2 ) 是唯一的This (That/It) is the only time + that-clause It is the only time that I_ (travel )abroad.3)是最的This (That/It) is the best/ finest /most interesting + that-clause. It is the most delicious food that I _(taste)have

9、 seenhave traveledhave tasted現(xiàn)在完成時句型4)自從有多長時間了It is/has been +時間段+since+ 一般過去時Its 10 years since Tom left.5) 在時間/條件狀語從句中，強調(diào)動作先完成Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.I cant go to bed until I have finished the homework.Present Perfect Continuous Tense現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時1現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成have/has been doing 無被動形式現(xiàn)在完

10、成進(jìn)行時用法1現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時表示過去的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并仍在繼續(xù)之中.CCTV has been broadcasting English programs since 1984. 1984futurenowbroadcastbroadcast小結(jié)： The boy started having dinner five minutes ago. He is still having dinner now. The boy _ (have) dinner since five minutes ago. has been havingThe man started working in the fi

11、eld half an hour ago. He is still working now.The man _ (work) in the field for half an hour. has been working現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時用法2:現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時表示過去的動作持續(xù)到說話時剛結(jié)束，并在某種情況下與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)聯(lián).Mavis started waiting .Kelly arrives.Kelly: Sorry， Im late. Have you been waiting long?Mavis: Yes. Ive been waiting for an hour. an hour agof

12、uturenowwait小結(jié)：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時用法3: （見講義2）現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的比較Tom _ (read) a book about Stonehenge. (She finished reading the book.表示事件或動作剛結(jié)束)Tom _ (read) a book about Stonehenge. (She is still reading the book.強調(diào)動作仍在進(jìn)行) has read has been reading比較一：（無時間狀語時）I _(travel) to Beijing three times.I _(travel) in Beiji

13、ng for 3 days. have travelled比較二： have been travelling_have you been swimming in the lake?_have you swum in the lake?A. How longB. How many timesAB現(xiàn)在完成時可表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作,提問時一般用 how many times.而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時則表示持續(xù)的,不間斷的動作,提問時用 how long.I have worked here for 10 years.How long have you worked here?1.She has had the

14、 pen for 2 years.2.She has written many compositions withthis pen.3.She has been writing compositions with this pen.state verbaction verbaction verb比較三：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時則只能用表示動作的動詞(action verb)做謂語其余區(qū)別看錦繡前程P8和講義 ( ) 1.I have never visited America. ( ) 2.I have already been to America ( ) 3.I have never been visitin