M2U1Grammar--現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1、1.Present Perfect Tense2.Present Perfect Continuous TenseM2U1 、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成 2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 1.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成 2.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較learning objects1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：主動(dòng)式:have/has done被動(dòng)式:have/has been done1. Present Perfect Tense 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)The boy _(catch)a bird. He is very happy.has caughtLook, the wi

2、ndow is open. Eric _(open) the window.has opened現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已完成的動(dòng)作，或某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞just, already, before, yet, never, ever, lately, recently等狀語(yǔ)連用。小結(jié)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法1-已完成、影響性用法 already:用于肯定句;yet:用于否定和疑問(wèn)句Ex:A:Have you_ been to New York?B: No, I havent been to New York_. But I will go to New Y

3、ork this summer.A:Im sure youll like it.Hey, do you know that my family have owned a plane_1920.B:I dont believe your family have had a plane_ over 80 years.A:In fact, you have seen it in the sitting room_.B:Yes,I have_ noticed it.But I have seen it many times.Its only a model.eversinceforalreadyyet

4、justonce/twice/three times/ yet, ever, recently/lately, since, for, already, just現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)?？梢院捅硎緩倪^(guò)去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)）的一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。如： for和since， so far, up to now, today, until/till, this week (month, year) during /over /in the past few years (weeks, months) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法2-未完成用法小結(jié)：Fil

5、l in the blanks:. a. She has learnt English 3 years.b. She has learnt English 3 years ago.c. They have lived here _1990.forsincesince I (see) her so far. What _ (happen) to the USA in the past 35 years?havent seen has happened他死了3年了。He has been dead for 3 years /since 3 years ago.帶for和since的陳述句，肯定不能

6、用瞬間動(dòng)詞，但是否定可以I havent buy anything for a long time.For +一段時(shí)間Since+ 時(shí)間點(diǎn)他吸煙有3年了。He has smoked for 3 years.It is /has been 3 years since he began to smoke.since + 瞬間動(dòng)詞 本意 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 反義It is /has been 3 years since he smoked.自從他不吸煙已經(jīng)3年了。Eric _ the door just now.I _ the film.I _ the film last week.openedhave s

7、eensawTip1:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都是表示時(shí)間不明確或不重要的詞有明確時(shí)間，用一般過(guò)去時(shí) I went to Egypt in 1986. I went to Egypt in 2004. I _ (be) to Egypt twice. have beenTip2: 去過(guò)某地have/has been to去了某地have/has gone to現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可過(guò)去發(fā)生過(guò)一次或多次的情況，也可以說(shuō)是一種經(jīng)歷?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法3-經(jīng)驗(yàn)性用法I havent seen anything so beautiful in my life.小結(jié)：1)是第幾次做This (That/It) is th

8、e first (second) time + that-clause This is the first time that I _ (see) pandas2 ) 是唯一的This (That/It) is the only time + that-clause It is the only time that I_ (travel )abroad.3)是最的This (That/It) is the best/ finest /most interesting + that-clause. It is the most delicious food that I _(taste)have

9、 seenhave traveledhave tasted現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句型4)自從有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了It is/has been +時(shí)間段+since+ 一般過(guò)去時(shí)Its 10 years since Tom left.5) 在時(shí)間/條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作先完成Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.I cant go to bed until I have finished the homework.Present Perfect Continuous Tense現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)1現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成have/has been doing 無(wú)被動(dòng)形式現(xiàn)在完

10、成進(jìn)行時(shí)用法1現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并仍在繼續(xù)之中.CCTV has been broadcasting English programs since 1984. 1984futurenowbroadcastbroadcast小結(jié)： The boy started having dinner five minutes ago. He is still having dinner now. The boy _ (have) dinner since five minutes ago. has been havingThe man started working in the fi

11、eld half an hour ago. He is still working now.The man _ (work) in the field for half an hour. has been working現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)用法2:現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)剛結(jié)束，并在某種情況下與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)聯(lián).Mavis started waiting .Kelly arrives.Kelly: Sorry， Im late. Have you been waiting long?Mavis: Yes. Ive been waiting for an hour. an hour agof

12、uturenowwait小結(jié)：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)用法3: （見(jiàn)講義2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較Tom _ (read) a book about Stonehenge. (She finished reading the book.表示事件或動(dòng)作剛結(jié)束)Tom _ (read) a book about Stonehenge. (She is still reading the book.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作仍在進(jìn)行) has read has been reading比較一：（無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)）I _(travel) to Beijing three times.I _(travel) in Beiji

13、ng for 3 days. have travelled比較二： have been travelling_have you been swimming in the lake?_have you swum in the lake?A. How longB. How many timesAB現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,提問(wèn)時(shí)一般用 how many times.而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示持續(xù)的,不間斷的動(dòng)作,提問(wèn)時(shí)用 how long.I have worked here for 10 years.How long have you worked here?1.She has had the

14、 pen for 2 years.2.She has written many compositions withthis pen.3.She has been writing compositions with this pen.state verbaction verbaction verb比較三：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)則只能用表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞(action verb)做謂語(yǔ)其余區(qū)別看錦繡前程P8和講義 ( ) 1.I have never visited America. ( ) 2.I have already been to America ( ) 3.I have never been visitin