最牛英語口語培訓(xùn)模式作文試題答案

1、-. z.最牛英語口語培訓(xùn)模式：躺在家里練口語，全程外教一對一，三個月暢談無阻！ 洛基英語，免費體驗全部在線一對一課程： .englishvip./wenk*d.htm（報名網(wǎng)址）Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a position on the topic Choosing an Occupation. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in

2、Chinese:1. 選擇職業(yè)是一個人要面對的眾多難題之一。2. 需要花時間去選擇職業(yè)。3. 選擇職業(yè)時可以向多人尋求建議和幫助。Choosing an Occupation-【寫作思路】本文是一篇關(guān)于擇業(yè)的議論文。短文需要說明慎重?fù)駱I(yè)相當(dāng)重要，并提出多種指導(dǎo)擇業(yè)的方法?！緟⒖嘉摹緾hoosing an OccupationOne of the most important problems a young person faces is deciding what to do. There are some people, of course, who from the time are s

3、i* years old know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem.Choosing an occupation takes time, and there are a lot of things you have

4、to think about as you try to decide what you would like to do. You may find that you will have to take special courses to qualify for a particular kind of work, or you may find out that you will need to get actual work e*perience to gain enough knowledge to qualify for a particular job.Fortunately,

5、there are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. At most schools, there are teachers who are professionally qualified to give you detailed information about job qualifications. And you can talk over your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready

6、 to listen and to offer suggestions.Part II Reading prehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices markedA,B,Cand

7、 D. For questions 8-10,plete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Will We Run Out of WaterPicture a ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up to*ic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and

8、spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world For people living near the Aral Sea in Central Asia, its all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate (provide water for)farmland. A

9、s a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and bee polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, acco

10、rding to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fi*. Why People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the ne*t century.

11、Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one-third of the worlds projected 8

12、.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.Where Water GoesOnly 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Twothirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers

13、and ice caps. In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation(rain or snow).Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some bees groundwater, wate

14、r that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live. In fact, the worlds population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwaterabout the amount of water in Lake Superior. And people use half

15、 of this amount already. If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment.”Close to HomeWater woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages

16、, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers, layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.)Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and c

17、ities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish it. In northwest Te*as, for e*ample, over pumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally

18、 safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptospori

19、dium, a microbe that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting.The SourceWhere do contaminants e from In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne diseases.In

20、developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical pounds to make a wide range of products. To*ic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain pounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.)But almost everyone contri

21、butes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.Farmer

22、s have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but that pollute water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogenrich fertilizer that help plants grow but that can wreak havoc on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lak

23、es and seas. Too many nitrates over enrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of o*ygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.Whats the SolutionWater

24、e*pert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water-related problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building small-scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea.More than 1 billion people worldwide dont have access to basic c

25、lean drinking water,” says Gleick. There has to be a strong push on the part of everyonegovernments and ordinary peopleto make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”1.What caused the Aral Sea to shrinkAThe rivers flowing into it have been diverted.BFarmers used its water to irrigate their

26、farmland.CGovernment planners overpumped its water.DHigh temperature made its water badly evaporate.2.The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects .Adoes more good than harmBsolves more problems than what they createdCdoes more harm than goodDbrings more water to people than e*pected3.Th

27、e chief causes of water shortage include .Apopulation growth and water wasteBwater pollution and dry weatherCwater waste and pollutionDpopulation growth and water pollution4.Americans could suffer from greatly serious water shortagesAliving in rich areasBliving in big cities but poor conditionCdepen

28、ding on groundwaterDbearing high standards of safe drinking water in mind5.What is the main pollutant in developed countriesAUntreated to*ic chemicals from manufacturers.BRaw sewage into rivers and streams.CHerbicides and pesticides used by farmers.DHousehold cleaners poured down the drain.6.How doe

29、s algae make threats to life of a body of waterABy covering the whole surface of the water.BBy petitively using o*ygen life in water needs.CBy living more rapidly than other life in water .DBy releasing hazardous chemicals into water.7.According to Gleick, who should be responsible for solving water

30、-related problemsAgovernment and housewives.Bfarmers and manufacturers.233.考試就上考試大Cordinary people and manufacturers.Dgovernment and every person.8. According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the worlds people will suffer from water shortages.9.Two thirds of the freshwater on Eart

31、h is locked in .10.In developed countries, before to*ic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid .【全文翻譯】我們會陷入水資源枯竭的困境嗎想象一只幽靈船”沉入了沙土中，任其留在干旱的沙土中腐爛掉。再想象沙塵暴從干旱的海床上席卷起有毒的殺蟲劑和化肥，呼嘯著穿過城鎮(zhèn)和村莊。看起來像關(guān)于世界末日的電影中的一個場景對于居住在中亞咸海附近的居民而言，這一切都是真實的。30年前，為了灌溉(提供水)農(nóng)田，政府部門的規(guī)劃專

32、家們改道了引水入海的河流。結(jié)果，咸海縮小為原來的一半，船只也擱淺在干旱的沙土上。海水受到污染，其鹽含量增到了三倍，導(dǎo)致24種土生土長的魚類滅絕。根據(jù)眾多環(huán)保組織的調(diào)查，世界其他地方與此類似的大規(guī)模的改道努力也是以生態(tài)危機(jī)而告終的。盡管建造大壩和灌溉系統(tǒng)創(chuàng)造的問題要比它們解決的問題多，但是許多國家仍然繼續(xù)這樣的項目。為什么呢世界許多地方的人都非常需要水;而且，隨著人口的增長，下個世紀(jì)將有更多的人需要更多的水。來自于太平洋發(fā)展、環(huán)境和安全研究所(the Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security)的

33、環(huán)境科學(xué)家Peter H. Gleick說，不斷增長的人口將會進(jìn)一步惡化缺水問題”。該研究所是位于加利福尼亞的一個研究機(jī)構(gòu)。他擔(dān)心，到2025年，在83億世界預(yù)計人口中，將有三分之一的人口面臨缺水問題。水去了哪里來自位于馬塞諸塞州阿默斯特的全球水政策項目的Sandra Postel主任認(rèn)為，地球上只有2.5%的水是適合飲用和種植食物的淡水，其中的三分之一屬于冰川和冰蓋。事實上，只有極小比例的淡水是水循環(huán)的一部分。在水循環(huán)中，水蒸發(fā)后上升到大氣中，然后凝結(jié)并以降水的形式(雨或雪)回落到地球上。一些降水流經(jīng)陸地進(jìn)入湖泊和海洋，另一些滲入地球變成地下水。大部分這樣的再生淡水最后積聚在諸如巴西亞馬遜河

34、流域這樣很少有人居住的偏遠(yuǎn)地方。事實上，世界人口能獲得的淡水僅有12，500立方千米相當(dāng)于Superior湖的湖水量，其一半已為人類所使用。Postel 說，如果水的需求量不斷快速攀升，水資源將嚴(yán)重短缺，水環(huán)境將受到極大破壞。”問題就在家門口對于生活在像美國這樣富裕國家的人來說，水危機(jī)似乎很遙遠(yuǎn)。但是美國人可能面臨嚴(yán)重的缺水問題，尤其是那些依賴地下水的區(qū)域。地下水儲存于地下含水層和位于泥土和巖床之間的沙石層中。(地球上的地表水與地下水的水量之比大約為190。) 雖然美國富有含水層，農(nóng)民、農(nóng)場主和城市居民的用水速度超過了自然界水資源的再生速度。例如，根據(jù)Postel的調(diào)查，在西北部的得克薩斯州，

35、超量的抽取使得地下水供應(yīng)減少了25%。美國人可能會面臨更緊迫的污染問題。在美國，飲用水普遍安全，符合高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。不過，據(jù)環(huán)境保護(hù)署的調(diào)查，每天有五分之一的美國人在不知不覺中飲用受到細(xì)菌和化學(xué)廢物污染的自來水。1993年，密爾沃基有40萬人因飲用受到隱孢子蟲污染的自來水而患病。隱孢子蟲是一種可引起高燒、腹瀉和嘔吐的微生物。污染源這些污染物從何而來呢在發(fā)展中國家，人們把污水倒入他們從中獲取飲用和烹飪水的同一小溪和河流中，每年大約有250萬人感染水傳播疾病。在發(fā)達(dá)國家，制造商使用100,000種化合物來制造更多種類的產(chǎn)品。未經(jīng)處理就被釋放入河流和湖泊中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)使水受到污染。(*些化合物，如多氯聯(lián)苯

36、，即PCBs，在美國已被禁用。)但是，水污染幾乎與每個人都有關(guān)。人們常常將清潔用品、汽車防凍劑、油漆稀釋劑倒入下水道中，而所有這些用品都含有有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。1996年，科學(xué)家們對舊金山海灣的水進(jìn)行了研究，他們說，百分之七十的污染物可以追溯到家居廢物。除草劑和殺蟲劑既可以殺死雜草和昆蟲，也會污染水源，因此農(nóng)民們一直因過量使用除草劑和殺蟲劑而備受批評。農(nóng)民們還使用可以促進(jìn)植物生長的硝酸鹽和富含氮的化肥，但是它們也會嚴(yán)重破壞環(huán)境。硝酸鹽類物質(zhì)會被地表徑流沖刷入湖泊和海洋之中。過多的硝酸鹽使得水域超級富有”，從而造成水藻或水面微小植物的大量繁殖。藻類剝奪了魚生存所必需的氧氣，有時候會令整個水域中的生命

37、窒息而亡。解決的方法是什么呢請訪問考試大.233.水資源專家Gleick提倡保護(hù)水資源，通過因地制宜的方法來解決與水相關(guān)的問題。例如，政府最好建筑小規(guī)模的水壩，而不是像毀掉咸海那樣具有破壞性的大水壩。全世界有超過10億的人口缺乏基本的清潔飲用水，”Gleick說，每個人政府人員和普通人都要付諸努力，確保我們有一個最基本的生活源泉?！薄敬鸢附馕觥?.【解析】A屬細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干的意思，是什么原因造成咸海海水量的減少呢本文的第二段提到了咸海的具體情況。所以根據(jù)題干中的核心詞Aral Sea”，并結(jié)合第二段的具體容，可以將答案定位在該段的第二、三句話.government planners di

38、verted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide water for)farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size,.”，這與AThe rivers flowing into it have been diverted”表示的流入其的河流被改道”的意思相吻合。所以正確答案是A項。答案B和C均屬于斷章取義，偷換了句子中的部分容，是迷惑項。答案D的容按照常理來說，具有一定正確性，但文章并未提及，也是干擾項。2.【解析】C

39、屬同義轉(zhuǎn)換題。題干要求回答有關(guān)大壩建設(shè)和灌溉工程的情況，其中的massive dams and irrigation”是核心詞，定位于文章第三段。該段中的第二句話.many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fi*”。這與C項意思壞處多于好處”一致。所以正確答案是C。答案A和B的意思與原文相反;答案D在文中未提及，屬于故意干擾項。3.【解析】D屬段落大意理解題。對于此類主旨大意題

40、，可以先看題支中各個選項的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系，然后結(jié)合自己對文章的理解來予以選擇或者排除。本題要求回答缺水的主要原因是什么。對比四個選項，其中共有四種情況的不同組合：人口增長、水資源污染、水資源浪費和氣候干燥。其中的人口增長”在第三段結(jié)尾和第四段開頭Growing population will worsen problems with water”中提到過，屬于缺水的主要原因之一;水資源污染”在小標(biāo)題the source”下面分別從發(fā)展中國家、發(fā)達(dá)國家、個人和農(nóng)民的角度作出重要說明，也是造成缺水的主要原因之一;水資源浪費和氣候干燥”在文中均未提及，所以正確答案是D。4.【解析】C屬同義轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)題干中關(guān)鍵詞Americans”，可以定位在小標(biāo)題Close to home”下第一段的第二句話，Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater”，表明美國人，特別是依賴地下水的居民可能面臨缺水問題，這與答案C的de