2022年山東師范大學(xué)歷山學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年山東師范大學(xué)歷山學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【概括大意】The modem ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes, fewer child

2、ren will be given the label low IQ which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if not societys eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people.The main idea of this paragraph is _. A、Im

3、pact on School Education B、A Changed View of Intelligence C、Main Results of Recent Researches D、Effect of Environment on Intelligence【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題使用了同義詞替換的選擇技巧，段落中主要講述的是智力本質(zhì)的現(xiàn)代簡潔必定會對學(xué)校教育產(chǎn)生影響（bound to have some effect on our school system.），選項A中只是將名詞effect 換為impact。第2題【單選題】【2008.04】It has been foun

4、d that a strong _ help overcome the effects of distraction. A、interruption B、motivation C、evaluation D、destination【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分。 A. 打擾、中；斷 B. 動機、誘因； C. 評估、評價； D. 目的地、終點。整句話的意思是：人們發(fā)現(xiàn)一個很強的動機可以幫助克服干擾物的影響。第3題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many stre

5、ets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題的意思是：救援車輛費了很大勁才把人救出

6、來。此句的意思在最后一句提到了，故選A。第4題【單選題】【2009.10】The room was quiet, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、in case B、except for C、by far D、instead of【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查介詞短語意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】 這個房間很安靜，除了偶爾從我喉嚨里發(fā)出的咳嗽聲以外。 A 以免、以防萬一 B 除了以外 C 到目前為止 D 代替、而不是第5題【單選題】【填句補文】The author says that interpersonal relations should

7、be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. _. That is at least as important as how much we know. A、Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends. B、He keeps looking over the other persons sh

8、oulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room. C、Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes. D、In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.【正確答案】D【答案解析】后句中的代詞we在D中才

9、有呼應(yīng)的代詞，而且在文章最后出現(xiàn)觀點句是通常論述文的發(fā)展特點，因此判斷D正確。第6題【單選題】【2008.10】It took a few seconds for her eyes to _ to the darkness. A、allocate B、adopt C、apply D、adjust【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查動詞詞義辨析。【譯文】她花了幾秒鐘時間使眼睛適應(yīng)黑暗。【詳細(xì)解答】A 分配，撥出 B 收養(yǎng)，過繼 C 應(yīng)用，申請 D 調(diào)整，使適合第7題【單選題】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are

10、people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Importance of learni

11、ng from failure B、Never a successful man gives up C、It is important to fail for a successful man D、EdisonS comment on failure【正確答案】D【答案解析】通過應(yīng)用部分可以看出這段文字的主題是愛迪生對失敗的評論。因此選擇D。第8題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later tha

12、n whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks? A、Unequal access to medical care. B、Greater probability of having other diseases. C、Differences in the biology of the cancer. D、Early diagnosis.【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段指出blacks ar

13、e usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites，與D項內(nèi)容是相反的，因此選D。第9題【單選題】【2008.04】The government finally _ all the documents relating to the war. A、released B、specialized C、realized D、supposed【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查動詞意義區(qū)分。A “公開發(fā)表、公布或發(fā)布（新聞）” B 專門從事、專攻 C 意識到、領(lǐng)悟 D 假定、猜想。整句話的意思是：政府最終公布了與這場戰(zhàn)爭有關(guān)的全部文件。第10題【單選題】【

14、閱讀選擇】In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks? A、Unequal access to medical care. B、Greater probabi

15、lity of having other diseases. C、Differences in the biology of the cancer. D、Early diagnosis.【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段指出blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites，與D項內(nèi)容是相反的，因此選D。第11題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】I dont claim there isnt a force which guides us, which takes care of us, but the main element that he

16、lps us build up our future is our way of being. Our personality, our character, our way of perceiving（感知）reality and everything that surrounds us are the elements which may bring us to the top, or on the contrary, make us miserable. The author thinks that our future is decided mainly by _. A、a super

17、ior force like God B、our way of being, such as our character C、things and persons that surround us D、others choice and responsibility【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。雖然作者也聲明自己并不否認(rèn)世界上存在任何一種具有超自然力量的東西，但是根據(jù)文章本段的but the main element that helps us build up our future is our way of being可知，作者認(rèn)為影響我們未來的最主要的因素還是我們自己的所作所為，答

18、案為B項。第12題【單選題】【概括大意】The VLT （Very Large Telescope） is the worlds largest telescope （望遠(yuǎn)鏡） and is taking astronomers （天文學(xué)家） further back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible. Located 2,600 metres up in the Chilean Andes, it has four huge mirrors, each about the size of a London bus. The VLT

19、 is so powerful it can spot a burning match 10,000 kilometres away.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Biggest telescope B、Power of the telescope C、Fuctions of VLT D、Birth of the new telescope【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段文字主要介紹了世界上最大的望遠(yuǎn)鏡。第13題【單選題】【2008.10】Country life is better than city life _ it offers fresh

20、 air and noiseless environment. A、in that B、as that C、as for D、in which【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查復(fù)合句。句意為：鄉(xiāng)村生活好過城市生活，因為它空氣新鮮且環(huán)境無噪音。in that 是復(fù)合連接詞，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作一個固定詞組。A 在于，原因是，在方面；C. 關(guān)于，至于，舉例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature. 我更喜歡鄉(xiāng)村，因為它更接近自然。第14題【單選題】【2009.7】He would _ that all the c

21、lassified data should be kept safe when in office. A、assure B、ensure C、insure D、secure【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查動詞意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】他保證在辦公室里的所有機密數(shù)據(jù)處于安全狀態(tài)?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 使確信，使有信心；B 確保（某事）發(fā)生，擔(dān)保；C 為投保，給保險；D 安全的，沒有危險的第15題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant where they were going to

22、 have lunch after her appointment. She called to see if he was there. She said, “My husband has Alzheimers（老年癡呆）and he shouldnt be driving without me.” Numerous thoughts ran through my head. Call the police, call her family, and notify（通知）the doctors office she had just come from! But at first, I of

23、fered to drive to the local restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her there.The elderly woman cried in the lobby when she was talking to _. A、her husband with Alzheimers B、the nurse in the doctors office C、a local restaurant D、one of her family members【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。根據(jù)文章本段中She told me her name

24、was Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant可知答案為C項。Helen由于擔(dān)心自己丈夫安危，但又找不到人，情急之下先打電話到倆人約好即將要去的餐廳詢問情況。第16題【單選題】【2009.04】We _ go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home. A、occasionally B、relatively C、continually D、absolutely【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查副詞意義辨析。譯文：我們偶爾外出去餐館吃飯，但通常是在家吃飯。詳細(xì)解答：A 偶爾地、偶然地、不經(jīng)常

25、；B 相對地、比較地；C 持續(xù)地、不間斷地；D 完全地。第17題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned(拋棄) many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900,

26、 Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that _. A、they developed accurate system measuring time. B、they knew how to build pyramids with stones. C、they deserted their cities and moved to

27、new ones. D、they built cities which they never lived in.【正確答案】C【答案解析】對應(yīng)點為What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是對原文語意進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)化，最高級代替了比較級。第18題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid. He certainly d

28、oes, replied Jill. After hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Id ever thought about getting a hearing aid. No way, I said. It would make me look 20 years older. No, no, she replied. This is entirely different. Its Crystal Ear!Initially the writer did not

29、 want to buy a hearing aid because_. A、it would make him look old. B、it would make him nervous. C、it was too expensive. D、it was old-styled.【正確答案】A【答案解析】當(dāng)被妻子問及是否愿意得到一個助聽器時，作者因為擔(dān)心顯得老氣而拒絕。所以答案是A。第19題【單選題】【2009.10】The profit-sharing plan is designed to _ the staff to work hard. A、calculate B、demonstrat

30、e C、speculate D、motivate【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞語辨析?！咀g文】利潤共享計劃目的是激發(fā)員工努力工作。A 計算、估算 B 證實、論證、演示 C思索、推測 D 激勵、激發(fā)第20題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone（天然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle（長柄勺）. Placed on a stone board with a smooth

31、 surface, the lodestone would move round until the handle of the ladle pointed south while the bulk（主體）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from about 80. Other ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade（玉石）

32、finders played an important role in the invention of the ladle. They travelled great distances to look for jade. In order not to lose directions, they would take a ladle with them.When did the Chinese invent the compass? A、In 1492. B、In the thirteen century A.D. C、In A.D. 80. D、At least 2000 years a

33、go.【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段中Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass.直接告訴我們中國發(fā)明指南針的時間。第21題【單選題】【2008.04】New drivers are far more _ to have accidents than experienced drivers. A、possible B、likely C、probable D、unlikely【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查形容詞辨析。句子翻譯：新司機比起有經(jīng)驗的老司機出交通事故的可能性要大得多。 A. 可

34、能（發(fā)生、存在）的; B. 有可能 be likely to ; C. 大概的、可能的; D不可能的 應(yīng)用舉例：Ill do everything possible to help you. 我會盡一切可能幫助你。He is likely to arrive a bit late. 他有可能會晚到一會兒。第22題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Do you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades? Think again. Getting some exercise may help, too. New resea

35、rch with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didnt exercise.Walking regularly helps elderly people_. A、lose weight B、become happier C、concentrate better D、look younger【正確答案】C【答案解析】同義詞替換有題干替換、選項替換。第23題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The other side of a state legal

36、apparatus is a state military apparatus. While the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to sett

37、le disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. The word “allegiance is closest in meaning to _. A、loyalty B、objective C、survival D、motive【正確答案】A【答案解析】解本題可用同類詞關(guān)系進(jìn)行判斷。在“allegiance”前后的兩

38、個詞分別是commitment和 sacrifice，應(yīng)能判斷出這三個詞相對于國家而言是同一類詞，再利用排除法，不難選出正確答案A。第24題【單選題】【2010.04】Even after decades of _ the two brothers recognized each other immediately. A、separation B、cooperation C、correspondence D、communication【正確答案】A【答案解析】【譯文】盡管已經(jīng)分別了幾十年，這兩兄弟都是立刻認(rèn)出了對方。【試題分析】詞匯題。【詳細(xì)解答】名詞的詞義選取。第25題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】

39、Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of her life. It may seem like an ordinary end to a humble life, but there was something quite exceptional about this woman. In the su

40、mmer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life，to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money was to help other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would return from school

41、to clean and iron for money which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired the world because _. A、she had managed to save so much money B、she gave her money to African Americans C、she gave her life savings to help others through university D、she only spent money on cheap things【正確答案】C【答案解

42、析】答案選C。only是絕對詞，在選項D中出現(xiàn)，根據(jù)經(jīng)驗排除D；對照原文第一自然段最后一句話there was something quite exceptional about this woman說她有些特別的地方，接著第二自然段就講In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life，to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分積攢的錢捐獻(xiàn)給了家鄉(xiāng)的大學(xué)，A和B表達(dá)

43、都不全面，答案是C。第26題【單選題】【2008.04】The government finally _ all the documents relating to the war. A、released B、specialized C、realized D、supposed【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查動詞意義區(qū)分。A “公開發(fā)表、公布或發(fā)布（新聞）” B 專門從事、專攻 C 意識到、領(lǐng)悟 D 假定、猜想。整句話的意思是：政府最終公布了與這場戰(zhàn)爭有關(guān)的全部文件。第27題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I

44、 advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. You will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Q: Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth wil

45、l not coordinate properly. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題的關(guān)鍵句為：but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. 因此本題答案為A。第28題【單選題】【2008.10】It took a few seconds for her eyes to _ to the darkness. A、allocate B、adopt C、apply D、adjust【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查動詞詞義辨析?！咀g文】她花了幾秒

46、鐘時間使眼睛適應(yīng)黑暗。【詳細(xì)解答】A 分配，撥出 B 收養(yǎng)，過繼 C 應(yīng)用，申請 D 調(diào)整，使適合第29題【單選題】【填句補文】Arms. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet. If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. _. If some

47、one upsets you, just cross your arms to show youre unhappy! A、Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep them close to their bodies. B、If you ale feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards. C、However, it will probably still b

48、e noticed, and people will know youre not pleased. D、If you are pleased, you usually open your eyes wide and people can notice this.【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題可以采用線索詞來定位?？崭裉幍那昂髢蓚€句子都是對arms在具體情況下具體動作的描述。那么用以補充的句子也應(yīng)是如此，即選項A開朗的人和沉默寡言的人手臂的動作，符合條件。第30題【單選題】【2009.04】When you _ know Bob better, you will like him. A、go

49、to B、got to C、went to D、get to【正確答案】D【答案解析】譯文：當(dāng)你更加了解鮑勃時，你將會喜歡他的。試題分析：本題考查主將從現(xiàn)。詳細(xì)解答：根據(jù)主將從現(xiàn)的原則，主句用了一般將來時，時間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。 第31題【單選題】【概括大意】The VLT （Very Large Telescope） is the worlds largest telescope （望遠(yuǎn)鏡） and is taking astronomers （天文學(xué)家） further back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible.

50、 Located 2,600 metres up in the Chilean Andes, it has four huge mirrors, each about the size of a London bus. The VLT is so powerful it can spot a burning match 10,000 kilometres away.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Biggest telescope B、Power of the telescope C、Fuctions of VLT D、Birth of the n

51、ew telescope【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段文字主要介紹了世界上最大的望遠(yuǎn)鏡。第32題【單選題】【2008.04】It has been found that a strong _ help overcome the effects of distraction. A、interruption B、motivation C、evaluation D、destination【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分。 A. 打擾、中；斷 B. 動機、誘因； C. 評估、評價； D. 目的地、終點。整句話的意思是：人們發(fā)現(xiàn)一個很強的動機可以幫助克服干擾物的影響。第33題【單選題】【完

52、成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages.Book written by J. Verne are_. A、science fictions with a recurr

53、ent theme B、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the future C、read worldwide D、political implications【正確答案】C【答案解析】這段文字講到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所寫的書已經(jīng)譯成了許多種語言，因此C選項是正確答案。第34題【單選題】【概括大意】The Second World War is perhaps the most catastrophic （災(zāi)難性的） event that mankind has ever suffered. The war

54、 affected 80 per cent of the worlds people at that time, from 61 countries, and claimed 55 million lives.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Gloomy World B、Worlds Worst Disaster C、The Origin of The Second World War D、The Time of The Second World War【正確答案】B【答案解析】disaster 是catastrophic （災(zāi)難性的） event

55、的另一種表達(dá)。第35題【單選題】【2010.04】The student _ described the beautiful mountains and rivers in his home town. A、artificially B、vividly C、critically D、viciously【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查副詞的詞義辨析。這個學(xué)生生動地描述了他的家鄉(xiāng)美麗的山河。第36題【單選題】【2008.04】That proposal is essentially irrelevant _ the issue at hand. A、with B、from C、in D、to【正

56、確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查介詞的固定搭配。句子翻譯：那個提案與手頭上的問題根本無關(guān)。irrelevant to 表示：與無關(guān)。第37題【單選題】【2009.10】The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes, _ caused me to arrive late. A、it B、that C、what D、which【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查非限制性定語從句。整句話的意思是：交通阻塞30多分鐘，這使得我到達(dá)晚了。第38題【單選題】【2007.04】The central theatre has a seating _ of

57、 more than 3, 000 people. A、capability B、capacity C、ability D、facility【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。ability主要指天賦的能力或應(yīng)用知識的才能，應(yīng)該是屬于那種已經(jīng)具備并發(fā)展較快的能力。如“He has unusual ability in science“。capability與ability不同的是，它不僅能用于人，也可用于物，如：Electronic refinements, however, have greatly extended the uses and capabilities of some

58、 of the older electrical devicescapacity指容納或吸收事物的能力，可用于人和物。如“The hall has a seating capacity of 500”。根據(jù)句意，本題應(yīng)該選capacity。 第39題【單選題】【2008.04】The cloth had a natural look which perfectly _ the image Laura sought. A、turned out B、set down C、thought over D、coincided with【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查短語意義辨析。這塊布料看起來很自然，

59、與勞拉尋找的樣式完全相符。A. 關(guān)閉； B.制定、放下； D. 與相同、與相符。第40題【單選題】【2009.04】Ive got the order from the boss that the work _ finished before 5 p.m. today. A、would be B、be C、will have been D、could be【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查名詞從句中的虛擬語氣。譯文：我已經(jīng)從老板那得到指令，這項工作在今天下午五點鐘之前要完成。詳細(xì)解答：that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，說明order的內(nèi)容。同時從句要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語用should+動詞原形的形式，s

60、hould 可以省略。第41題【單選題】【2009.10】Scientists doubt whether its _ to regulate ones biological clock by drinking. A、feasible B、incredible C、fashionable D、valuable【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查形容詞詞義區(qū)分。科學(xué)家懷疑通過喝酒來調(diào)整人體生物鐘是否可行。A 可行的、可能且合理的 B 不可相信的、難以置信的C 時髦的、時尚的 D 貴重的、寶貴的第42題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The ideal battery will store a lot of