醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)翻譯與寫(xiě)作：ch1 A General Introduction to Medical English Translation

1、醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)翻譯與寫(xiě)作Medical English Translation and writingChapter 1A General Introduction to Medical English TranslationA General IntroductionThe Concept of Translation The Criteria of TranslationThe Process of TranslationThe Importance of Medical Translation The Qualifications for Medical English Translators

2、Considerations on the History of Western Medical TranslationThe Concept of Translation Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor/target language the closest natural equivalent of the source language, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. Eugene Nida ( American translati

3、on theorist)The Concept of TranslationTranslation is a kind of linguistic activity, which can express the ideas of the first language accurately and completely with the second languageTranslation is both an art and a science.Medical Translation in ChinaTranslation in China can be traced back about t

4、wo thousand years ago. The earliest record of medical translation is that of introduction of ancient Indian medicine accompanied with Buddhist Scriptures in Eastern Han Dynasty, which was of worthy influence on Chinese traditional medicine. At the end of Qing Dynasty, foreign missionaries came into

5、China and carried out their policy of mission through spreading of science. A host of books were translated under the cooperation between missionary doctors and Chinese doctors as well as other EST translators. Nothing can be accomplished without norms or standardsThe Criteria of TranslationYan fu (

6、嚴(yán)復(fù)）： Faithfulness/ Accuracy Expressiveness/Smoothness Elegance/Popularity Today we still think highly of what Yan Fu said and follow the criteria. The Criteria of Translation The translation should be a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. The style and manner of writing should be

7、of the same character with that of the original. The translation should have all the ease of original composition. Alexander F. Tytler Essay on the Principles of Translation The Importance of Medical Translation sense by insight explain in words Amitabha Buddha (梵文英譯）Qualifications for Medical Engli

8、sh TranslatorsBe Proficient in EnglishBe Proficient in ChineseBe equipped with the skills and knowledge in medicineThe Qualifications for Medical English TranslatorsExercises in class:Medicine is a branch of medical science that treats patients solely with the use of drugs, or non-surgically.Medicin

9、e is not only a branch of applied biology, however. It also subsumed many aspects of psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics.Considerations on the History of Western Medical TranslationIntroduction of medicine from the Western Regions (the Northern and Southern Dynasties) :mainly through

10、translation of Buddhist Scriptures Introduction of western medicine (the Ming and Qing Dynasties): mainly through medical literature translation Unification of Medical terms: contributions of western missionaries and Chinese scholars Considerations on the History of Western Medical Translation gland 腺hydrocarbon hydroxide 烴 羥反切是中國(guó)古代的一種漢字注音方法，也是對(duì)漢字