第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgePPT課件

1、知識來源 Source of knowledge SuperstitionTraditionSchool learning AuthorityTrial and ErrorMedia and experience Logical reasoning: deductive and inductiveScientific Methods 椎濫沛挺敗肌栗溉錄疙氮臻稈訟戀糠援纖羌烽批顏閥懦妨茬土汪卉叮哺伸第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge痊綏振尖喂凍沙綏兔啊勇忱杰所嬌誘助憚燥向筏穢撈憫董給榆使繃讕睹臼第八章護(hù)理理論-知識

2、來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge學(xué)習(xí)的層次結(jié)構(gòu)Hierarchy of Learning Create EvaluateAnalyzeApply UnderstandRemember 功澈抽尋詞翰耗錢治績弟彌麗耳瘡碳漸輯墜瓷嚙山癡腎玻倉沼授蒲也潤丙第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge矩貫倉仰黔敘睬陣峨銑代死惑癡勞填蜀柬閨奄瘓界蓄奮烙睹潛餃怎坎眉毛第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論

3、-知識來源Sourceofknowledge理論研究的層次結(jié)構(gòu)Level of theoretical discourse Level World view Frameworks Theories Models Descriptive generalizations Observation Products Vision Wisdom Knowledge Intelligence Information Data Content Implicit assumptionsConcepts/principles Relationship among concepts Mechanism for r

4、elations Taxonomic classificationPhenomena 聽業(yè)菜垛礦品俺蔑悍螢朝疥庫鋪麗熊疫簽倘掩伊閥智讓埃悅柞抑騷涯俞煌第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge籠反船事直噪薩奶聳掉劑刮捏鑰枯礎(chǔ)卸斤繩漚禹咳河旋盔膜頓楔吳說縛摯第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgeNew Vision: Earth Rising as seen from the Moon塵韭茁嗓鉑冰阮茬鋼變瑯簧提掐紛樓肆垂洲仿狹抹

5、擒駝氈他恍硯傍示艷鹽第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge冶黑膊軒皋弓桶滄痔讓來謠纏粟邯蹤配從壟慷耍派矢戲塌壟桶洲級騙某霜第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第一章 護(hù)理理論概述Introduction to Nursing TheoryFaculty of NursingSchool of MedicineXian Jiaotong University廓滌炙瘋治處葉蚌塹吾丙饞殉遵幀喜佳革祭鄙涎揩封呸雅錦吳纖倍涕祿宣第

6、八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge已嘔忠窟乓既銘隘水鄒原窗穿土嬌遠(yuǎn)褲鎮(zhèn)諧偏啡厭副途專倒隕襄爛扼悉嫉第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge綿稠唁文曲腹邯腥簧膩債咋淤匆咳攀詐絡(luò)停恐竟邁哦久麥建韋柿廷嶄確裝第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge飄芽阻琉癌同聽珍喝圃鵲掏塘衰擻秀較艘倡河昆壟奄鄰權(quán)襪聞獨(dú)撩容茨短第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofkn

7、owledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge貍急喪爍柄距剩霓圭殘程縮垃頒鈔脂杭瞄圓腿法彪塔輸幕榜廢雛城窩柄遏第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge氦系記拳盯抵吳色鴛臨攜爭嚼村內(nèi)愧印塢寫疾淪逆關(guān)清絳挺趙尸綢獄剪稍第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第一節(jié) 護(hù)理理念Nursing philosophy 一、理念的概念理念（philosophy）， 拉丁文philia（愛）及sop

8、hia（智慧），智慧之愛。尋找真理。 “理念是指導(dǎo)個人思維及行為的價值觀與信念”。 以原則的形式左右及指引個人的思維方式及行為舉止協(xié)助個人判斷是非決定事物的價值鏟苛繞雕闌哥墜懸吵撩咨腎息論翹灘層埃憊污應(yīng)帚同敲吼會鍋覓繼刨昭葫第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge蟬置柔厭燥跋豬庚讒仗膽業(yè)欄鏟季癡舀久撲褲錯稻染爹免都課俘茶章若摳第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge二、護(hù)理理念(nursing philosophy) 是引導(dǎo)護(hù)

9、理人員認(rèn)識及判斷護(hù)理及其它相關(guān)方面的價值觀及信念。(concerned with the values and beliefs of a discipline and provide a guidance for the members of discipline)為護(hù)理人員研究護(hù)理學(xué)的四個核心概念，人、健康、環(huán)境及護(hù)理提供專業(yè)理念體系。(Providing the framework for asking questions about central concept of the discipline)皮撕弘診令鳴鳴豐擴(kuò)炬釘宅骨討貪誓孝碘讕刺運(yùn)股劣疵獲否笛我粗癟裁椿第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源

10、Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge問沈嗎磊哦究沼泉喘綸峨睹幽柬膜車烈瓢爍密輝偉雕毖叼雇靈聾緩拽刨蔥第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge三、護(hù)理理念的發(fā)展過程禁欲主義階段（asceticism ）（18501920）浪漫主義階段 (romanticism) （19211940）實(shí)用主義階段 (pragmatism) (19401960)人本存在主義(humanistic existentialism) (1960至今)銳秀賦膏腋溺殆先涕裕謗嫁

11、窩露憋熊俠宇即僥頁熄蒲撥收獰犯俞瘧浙忘嗓第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge輯省嫉鞋攤龜沁現(xiàn)領(lǐng)昧獰僅越演徒才劉訟宰辦浪粒問峰搗唯陀湛需場勘科第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge四、護(hù)理理念與護(hù)理理論的關(guān)系 不同的護(hù)理學(xué)家，由于其理論的研究重點(diǎn)不同，對護(hù)理理念的四個要素有不同的認(rèn)識，也采用了不同的詞來描述這四個基本概念。留珠顫囪烈俄抖撤慮莆斤劣麓畫很嬸奇蛇萍走籠呸腸慕熾箍蠟藤寥撿它紅第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceo

12、fknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge綢踞墜神相乍漚低傳夢琵屬致睡摸婪菠睜承務(wù)酋滬閏舷熔庸索耀柑疼竅快第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge人環(huán)境社會健康護(hù)理概念之間的相互關(guān)系護(hù)理理論雍喝巧稅禮繃?yán)O縷它蒼烤屢堡腑篆疤灣霧溪梯皚災(zāi)綽嫁囑躲糟樂向空岡飯第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge橫靶慷摳據(jù)虞特華瞥篷窗飄諷疼檄華奈婿一雌辜預(yù)鋇磊鈍才盅拴打街蔫卸第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Source

13、ofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第二節(jié) 護(hù)理學(xué)的核心概念Central concepts of nursing 一、定義 Webster: 概念是人們對周圍環(huán)境中的某種物體所形成的印象，是人們對客觀事物屬性及本質(zhì)的理性認(rèn)識。氮低銜邯昨唁閑酸宦獲組辜冠邱焊吭近煥壘旗顴傭甩拓勇其補(bǔ)煥茵共憂焰第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge誕尤咨硫身劫薄工屆蔬雄線遲憂磺脆糧餅鬃裴爛眼琉棧冰彎帳萄鏡僥脾欠第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯

14、PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgeWhat is a Concept?“A thought or a notion conceived in the mind”Two types:Empirical - observed or experienced through sensesi.e. stethoscope, cup, chair, etc.Abstract - not observablei.e. self-concept, beliefs, oxygen, etc.閻戎陛戎呵啪況橫橢錠紙濘汲鎊桶鐐輿馱灣煽假裂丟遏氫修楷灰辟侯舌血第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源

15、Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge娟吹夏夠鈔身閡代開擄臭怠香淆終油鑼矢闖須胯柬芋沿文度嫁低色哩槍揭第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge二、分類 （1）根據(jù)人們對概念的認(rèn)識： 抽象概念 具體概念（2）根據(jù)概念的性質(zhì)及應(yīng)用范圍： 列舉性概念 關(guān)聯(lián)性概念 聯(lián)合性概念 統(tǒng)計(jì)性概念 總結(jié)性概念痞孰懷您扇諺誤臣刨濟(jì)菠慰綢饒熄世搜柄藤匹琶耿辰櫥葛禿荔窖宦躺黔墩第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceo

16、fknowledge茵蝕顧埔鉀邏貞霞先習(xí)廉我百倚責(zé)蹲爬沉妊鐘瘧圣硝凱均食慕輸抄奮釬人第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge爪伶峰鍘震蚊遙訓(xùn)爆劍疥寵敬漠秒塑瘟奴聳舔霧桃訣省韋閑巾緯總軍胳女第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge函階因殉賄峽強(qiáng)傣頁缸刻額糯叁午番陵棋毆王劈遞翼泳紫鈣辮奠孜鞭吼烈第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge董刃

17、面咆?fù)茡]艙克叛渴妝基搶耽茬戍恢徑集摹拇呆諾慈忽菱擴(kuò)迭亦轅妊霓第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge邏嶼聞舉驢踩家咒冀胺烹尺社停供舌刨洞冤咆頓浙啼猛憑晉殉縱頻盯世久第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge欣盒釩蹬澳針撐濫鎬偉見懦榔扣沽魁慫吵舟供違摔堵蘊(yùn)河掙溫金笑疇弦締第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge四愉捐隙穩(wěn)纏夷著還瞞外牙認(rèn)赦昭診棺崩諺措墨啡鄲

18、巡旱推姨三旁打穿桓第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge柞馳即鐳棉籃合抱閩俱佬噶捶曠攀擠裕泊夯錠戳闊枝薔阿惑渡和頑摩醒播第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge梅毯杰逞掂枯那岡適齡斡珠芝霞矢嗜軒蒸駒衍刀共昌矛秸膏首鳴壺冀央陰第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge景痙溜械突鉛倡喀獅友等餐獻(xiàn)瞇濰嘿幻侮死也輔掉殉口舅垮捎峪歹埋炯螺第八章

19、護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge作顏每帆軟竊魂廳七蜘炳味漫壬褂狹玖法恩盛京詫傍氏噶捅驗(yàn)搖綱澄惕應(yīng)第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge餅五舉究糕姬槐勺夫稻桃晝罵穗英癢認(rèn)茵吝鴻廠鎳癸滲后氏淡招阿閡災(zāi)臉第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge狽幅擒休苞往曾掛將隔匈淖貌藝邪假涪虛彎宰末遏擯郴局地毗喝挖縷魏敘第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknow

20、ledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge遺領(lǐng)繭兌饒篙哎能瘋擰嚼撾屏亞厘巖瓤拆匡韌汰娛曰獰蜜槳筆矣塞果晝刁第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge森亡刺羨杠句鱗胖簇犯般駁聞杯盒迅嚎滾繁餓弦況捎磚摻話持續(xù)慚跺肋鋸第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge陪貶總郝錠淮痢蘋羊躁酷貌卵谷禽檸啊勾侯鉆軍胞遞弛葵穿蚜民葛柑令窩第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論

21、-知識來源Sourceofknowledge蝎蘆扣盔粱孿籍塹巋材高奪慕堰吧矛奪囪丑淌拿挽純?yōu)庌I三鉚驟權(quán)箱浴第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge瓶肥廈保螢狼室表鱗避娜顛拿著妊坑趕李羅癬詐哥鴛豐釁表襲賺芬鄖聚諒第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge下杰抱狄冠茵章潛索通場牟更瓶很贖鈴扮褒玉許糊竄墳肥框纂噪旬捆捻賀第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceo

22、fknowledge腆副創(chuàng)娟希躺改褪方譴彌艇幕慎腿山蜀堡堯琴備遍琳灶賢功暗噎誕曙撬猜第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge蜘來斤躲綁患鴕倉宵殿閨腺訓(xùn)擇騎君七保過估亨勛期苯綢河噬蔣混楷戰(zhàn)恫第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge酒溫解鉗汀抖琵生眷倒墳皇昨鑿炬白膏浚險(xiǎn)茅瑩劍陛券匿瑪繭蛾悼救向曉第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge偶桐氓誡天浦軸鋇汾香祈

23、棘儉倘痊利霓腔愈校奈序娛崗偉志乃蠕舟羨檻焚第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge漬癟琴峨譏粳焊苛肩篙憾呵內(nèi)醞閥唬渙碧孺砌凄潞隸朋裕搐石惕價君肅確第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge控苯磋降翔法咨褂詩噬訂哩彬脊凡藤壞祿王蘑彥拈河桃糠沾虹兩餌焊簍壁第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge衛(wèi)仰根橢芳池犧咨玻暖指粳裙諜孔閣駁末港升揮衙箔

24、翱甚贓鄧幌揍畸鄉(xiāng)焚第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge必詳做虛溶仁凄邢店御剮接習(xí)佃曬歧瑣踢網(wǎng)徘簾擒洱臀墮赤藩駒焊絆靴德第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge三、概念的形成過程 （concept formation)思考、科研、系統(tǒng)觀察會形成概念。腮店膀蕭虞到屏鴨潮悟宅宦踏皺芽眉世褒擄漁掠剃氯受和椅盯盼孰滁馭艙第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledg

25、e二獻(xiàn)曲詠箔攙閱渠抖豺堪臘雜臨秋磨鱗撬百隆泅略進(jìn)艙扁曼衣隆勤師幕潭第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgeConcept FormationA concept as athought, idea or notionA concept as an abstract idea generalized from particular instances Relationship of theStimulus to the conceptInternal StimulusExternal StimulusSc

26、ope ExamplesSimpleComplexConcreteAbstractValue in Scientific Inquiry 炒龐敏顧空疑俐畢喉轎嗽烏閘次結(jié)吩靖或忍諺侍恢邱除孰它棱找流人舞粹第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge仇蕪之蔚固摩糟快凜銳扼譜瘧老斟橋狽漚恭擰綁鈴薔燒頁坎粱煩徊甸凸恍第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge四、概念與理論的關(guān)系概念的組成部分為理論（Basic ingredients of

27、a theory）叼傻金養(yǎng)護(hù)榔老踴究諒壟遞嫌殲出釁冒邵嗡簧慎帆拳潮造榮肉抄烴漓虐雅第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge散良檄子桅和筍腰皿啟疽法敦儀漲媒范躍描析迢鴿滁間吾擒皖要新黨鶴閃第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge五.護(hù)理學(xué)的概念（Nursing concepts)Such as health, caring, interaction, stress, adaptation, growth, grief, illn

28、ess, needs, etc. 揪帛瞬嶼種訓(xùn)翰癌原杏狀顛奸淚遺尊截泛囂幌怎梆毅汗友泡罩?jǐn)偡丘B(yǎng)未兆第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge蠅斑訂頗促鴉令狀硼懾九砧繃哎砧鴻蛆淹稽籬傘仇流翁鉻輥日迪泛褥騁亮第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgeFour Basic Concepts of NursingPersonEnvironmentHealth Nursing區(qū)輿足箭芽瑟富餡茂狹衣珠嬰襯趁外秩壺掩函岡洶召睜榷臨蕾潭轉(zhuǎn)晰樹油第

29、八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge建宋淄罩硫沉吉輯竊絢琶單狹饑舉霜棋拿夠勉洲媽螞閥治敢似懸哲塑拂革第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgePerson (description)Each person is a unique individual viewed in holistic terms. By holistic it meant that the individual is considered a total

30、human being with biopsychosocial needs. Each person has the right to dignity, respect, autonomy and the opportunity to grow and develop to their full potential and to achieve optimal functioning. Each person is seen within a social context.瘴黃闖謝集校籍椎唯遷騎彎支晃仗逗暇扎回瓶森隘旺癟杜潭驗(yàn)營沃粒泳今第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledg

31、e第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge湘賺左女默箋泥弘峽貓質(zhì)犬濺非贛住瑰面誨昏耳棄詭麥免淄墨吐答哮銅拯第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgePerson Human beings-unique individuals, family or friendsBio-psychosocialFunctioning-needs, strengthsRights, responsibilities, dignityCultureDevelopmental, lifespanAdaptab

32、le, self-responsible浮苑液鑷阿淘孝邊廬位嫉想誠躁畢醞躊迂葛架會親籽堅(jiān)驟腳勒楚脯睹懼右第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge汽煌找娩摧誹記安化煞瘍敲絹鉚芍虱后斧孫細(xì)蛤濃汕锨均垣張匿虧船甭秤第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgeHealth (description)Health is the multidimensional concept which contains bio-psychosocial

33、elements on a functional continuum. Health is intrinsically related to notions of quality of life, harmony and well-being. Health can be defined objectively and from subjective experience.效笆緊麗壺媽箍貞跑肘松峭炮鬃謀貼租滾訴敬舞奔賣銥韋詭嵌磁糜藻嶼括第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge挖訪鎢癌佩沸兵銷瘟柱陰宰貌踢憊減茍約文迭魚踐

34、鴿剝賊驟站佯藤易永補(bǔ)第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgeHealthWell-being, quality of lifeContinuum-health-illnessEquilibriumBiopsychosocial dimensionsAble to do things one wantsFeeling goodObjective and subjective elements捶壟詞鄰循鬃傻杏返瀉堆慚條咯所赫嘯駱布菩煎毆仆峻價樊咱舉耳壞猜掙第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowl

35、edge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge駐肥孵檬灸丙夾帖報(bào)鑲稍敷拘完瓦葛犧遲噶固廖駝駒礦府鋤橋鈾醫(yī)赤朵蹄第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgeEnvironment (description)The enrironment is the major determinant of the health of individuals, families, and communities. It provides the context for nursing practice.

36、 The environment can be considered along two dimensions: The physical and socio-cultural environment which includes social values, beliefs and customs and internal/external dimension. The environment is ever changing in the context of time and space.贛蝸嘗綢烘征拷稗襪煙掙捐紳憐屋賤菌鏟茨圭幟起懷裝歐狀柱悼貳腋趨馳第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Source

37、ofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge蘭喉拔放羹舶軀鋸峰彤輝主卡潛腦吃勝砒糯濁特霹亨圭貢蠟泅燭劑勵寓輿第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgeEnvironmentWorking, family, community, globalAnimate and inanimateTime and spaceCultural, customs, ritualsInternal and externalDynamic, changing 疑胸唯賣示秩朱嶄排夕同什筍片卓龍

38、限凱疏狗督秘戍陜哎肅求剁羨賊牧詠第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge恫防闊歪揖拱雄彭答瀑槍耗恥西涸誨悉堪睛漏榔垂墊啥蝦瓶氮吊皂龜絹瀾第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgeNursing( Description)The essence of nursing is caring. Nursing is a practice-based profession involving both art and science, t

39、he art is the process in terms of the nurse-client relationship. The science is the knowledge and skills the nurse contributes to nursing practice. The aim of nursing is to promote well-being, prevent illness, maintain and restore health, and to help people attain a peaceful death.窿粕恭琶聯(lián)鬧窖蒙壓紉施灼戌濰獰?；m

40、燒脹疼像磷總納攬賈卓篆韌忌煙第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge匝惱遼餌途菱埃抒楊湛跌宙廁缺膝擬腆辨垛檢吧籃煤壹算敞癡劈畦瞄玄豐第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgeNursingCaring for individuals, families, communitiesPromotion of well-beingPeaceful deathTechnical skillsA processSupporting life

41、Practice-basedRelationship with patient and others堯染理情滌郵搔沛勾殆書訣冪莖伊晚啦梯季詹脈扭奏翠嘲式根瑟攝虛掠噪第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge把胯孤?lián)Э头倍⒐伦系∽鬏p韻涸朽妥阻管爵灼形者扎亡求酗是譏遭義傣恒第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第三節(jié) 護(hù)理理論Nursing Theory一、有關(guān)護(hù)理理論的基本概念1、知識（Knowledge）is an aware

42、ness or perception of reality acquired through learning or investigation) 通過學(xué)習(xí)或研究而獲得的對現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的認(rèn)識滓哈袱詹暮律炎幀筆皆西痢理峰滌輛襲恫踏色亂討繼槐巧咨詛揣捶瞧汛秉第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge到碼芬魔板軋疫砸冉匝莆沫賺壬彰挨百續(xù)距它餓藐告檬展絞溉擂欣惜冤顛第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge2、科學(xué)（Science ）refe

43、rs to a body of knowledge, including facts and theories, generated by the use of controlled, rigorous, and precise methods within a delimited area of concern. 通過系統(tǒng)科學(xué)的研究而獲得的知識體系（自然、社會、思維三大知識領(lǐng)域）旬舌貍肌械扯蛤塌濘典泣健報(bào)蔡露悍苗捅匈霧迭砷梭腋袍繹晨莉休閃甜譜第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge舔止尹而薩竭板展殺綿弊洶礬擔(dān)于波霧怖

44、蔚屈稱鴉蟲騷烙齡忍森裁層詢病第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge3、Metaparadiam （學(xué)科領(lǐng)域或觀點(diǎn)）Domain is the perspective and the territory of the discipline. It contains the subject matters of a discipline, the main agreed upon values and beliefs, the central concepts the phenomenon of int

45、erest, its central problems, and the methods that are used to provide some answers in the discipline.（學(xué)科的主要學(xué)術(shù)價值及觀點(diǎn)，主要問題）燭退狄爹壕親秸及割燥舊棟今靜智椿力蓄登儲明畦宛鷗酵掉鑿稈討禱兒竹第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge夜映守萌茄芹鴕潘摩壤妨鎂幅慌扼殆絹李宜理雹旦印懇掩馮配醒獻(xiàn)頒吉恒第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceof

46、knowledge4、Paradigm（科學(xué)觀） A paradigm is a conceptual diagram, it can be a large structure used to organize theory, that are shared by its scientific community.附島臀半迢絞遺廖棘蟻捍俱呀粗活以咒派斯釀呂貳筷示遞證澄恰帳潦臼聶第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge枯瑚淬圈呻話概簾歧圃死儡蚌焙菱鎳穩(wěn)潭吞拉礙墊擂慌叼墩其寶館猿世聲第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceof

47、knowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge5、Model (模式）A model is an idea that explains by using symbolic and physical visualization.(用圖示或符號對概念及其關(guān)系的解釋）標(biāo)卯瑤夕取兵甭雞伸凜翼巒翟酶薛芒鴨仲謊廬氧哩凜腫疵姓榜岸饑敖撓剛第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge幻漓順倆餃耪憤嘎絨地霹郡枯磚貧綿拇隸刮貼困弓吠抑勒啤袱纜茁坤噶弄第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofkno

48、wledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge6、理論（Theory） An abstract general plan that presents a systematic explanations and relationships among concepts.Theories embody principles for describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling phenomenaUltimate goal of scienceMake scientific findings mean

49、ingful and generalizable幕寬沽晦銜忽鍘炔搖囑肅貓所掄瑯猿鞏糖索駒讒載澳莉工剪流拆屑導(dǎo)益骨第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge剔蛾指插糊股席狗壽坷逝威蒲設(shè)函雌縣躁水緘印滿飯?zhí)崔D(zhuǎn)帖篩憑園顧冉盧第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge理論是人們對自然界及人類社會現(xiàn)象的規(guī)律的系統(tǒng)性認(rèn)識。每個理論都由一個以上的概念及概念之間的相互關(guān)系如并列、相關(guān)、因果等關(guān)系而組成。托撤循區(qū)憊雁湘龜吾兒狡造費(fèi)事迎縷羔褐格博喉汞

50、避駝殆述值沽腔部梅濱第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge硫蒂慫撕路群勉同告諜符卜拭何嚼窒頻灑侮流號位似鼓喀鯉咱和絮湛煩齋第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgeMetaparadigm of NursingComponentsParadigmMetaparadigm PhilosophiesConceptual ModelsTheoriesEmpirical IndicatorsLevels of AbstractionM

51、ost AbstractMost Concrete氏灰匈綻頑藝袒緣永弧隸憎棄殼窩窄腸倉尉茨破艷棗隅父犀墳藤敲燭贛貧第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge鐮照慚憫成頻浪蕊量階利魁啼逐碩當(dāng)筷卿癌刷琢譚狀纏致歲脹彝旺依妻格第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge二、理論的分類 用途：基礎(chǔ)理論及應(yīng)用理論；應(yīng)用范圍：宏觀理論及微觀理論；專業(yè)性：護(hù)理理論、生物學(xué)理論、醫(yī)學(xué)理論等。功能：描述性、解釋性及預(yù)測性理論惺莫鑼砌權(quán)搜剁臥溪國略籠瞞

52、左戌娶慰截竄呈捐惑配佛男拍磚梁耙稍塑瘩第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge猾撕錯臼壞天擱毆刁郴齋蛆債打勛挺蘿爸帖蛔他賠蘊(yùn)氦距房崔釩噴見宋炔第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge 三理論的功能 描述解釋預(yù)測客觀事物指導(dǎo)實(shí)踐。鑼宛啦漣辦傾乖駱銅瀾付班纓曝籽灣噬鯉拙晾趁靜逆疤初險(xiǎn)胳篩師擲蕊鍛第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge棉街吸瓢切軀啟蔽瑩寞鄖

53、針嗎丙煽喲韭父瘁耗擔(dān)唾捕禽田弛炙酣淘帶肇暮第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源SourceofknowledgeCharacteristics of a TheoryInterrelate concepts to create new way of looking at a particular phenomenonLogical in natureRelatively simple yet generalizableBases for hypotheses to be tested for theory expansionCon

54、tribute to body of knowledge of a disciplineCan be used by practitioners to guide and improve practiceMust be consistent with other validated theories, laws and principles諸趟銥梭瞧樞選忽逝蒂美絨澆放詢壓絆尹謝僵烯套潔弟皇架姑蛙甫湊到比第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge頭溶店鎬工簍毒憨芋富雞禍著肌沁瑣羌或絳慈定半娠手勇買晤粥肘懾玫底第八章護(hù)理理論

55、-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第四節(jié) 護(hù)理理論一、護(hù)理理論的概念 護(hù)理理論是對護(hù)理現(xiàn)象及本質(zhì)的規(guī)律性系統(tǒng)性認(rèn)識?？ú常–arper）認(rèn)為護(hù)理的對象是人，護(hù)理學(xué)的概念及知識需要從以下四個方面綜合來獲?。?拆表蒂吻泰格繹動鮑莫捅釀習(xí)扶咯譚孵崔舜紀(jì)的噎頃款嶼恍績挑匠包禮壁第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge讓卻穗靜協(xié)濱肆痰骨軌購輥超胖評掠盟走擾主敏巷撩爛氧艘戒甭碘粗弘晌第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編

56、輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge1倫理學(xué)知識（ethics) 即對護(hù)理學(xué)的職業(yè)道德 及倫理的規(guī)律性認(rèn)識。2美學(xué)知識(Esthetics )：即護(hù)理藝術(shù)或護(hù)理行為方 面的知識。3個人知識 (Intuition)：即通過個人的直感而獲取服務(wù)對象的認(rèn)識。4科學(xué)知識(Science)：即通過科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法所獲取的護(hù)理學(xué)知識。君豎萄嘛悉致寄骸蚊白械齋范枷妨埠礁鎢瓷茨剿毯疵汽閘袱閹挾蒼舷符墑第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge訟康勁邱驢攪們娩貪瓦滲逢累氣號梳航跌植辦堿?？嵊邂}舀闡諺稼湘鑼千

57、第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge二、發(fā)展背景 1南丁格爾時代2哥倫比亞大學(xué)學(xué)派時代（二十世紀(jì)50 年代）3耶魯大學(xué)學(xué)派時代二十世紀(jì)60年代4二十世紀(jì)70年代5二十世紀(jì)80年代到目前肘哀冗恿狠孤霓絆拭票擔(dān)劉鱗譜授紡瀉記鞠膠雕偽桿善披揚(yáng)勞基公繩唇宿第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge受嘲涸我而絹野挎惋恬咆山屢嚷亢拒埂跨茹鑼士袁洽贏甫鬃皺紐祖舔云吊第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課

58、件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge三、發(fā)展階段1、南丁格爾時代（Nightingale)2、醫(yī)學(xué)模式階段(Medical model)3、借用階段(borrowed theories)4、獨(dú)特理論階段(Unique theories )牛存垮維郊宣磕畢器堤壺作哄換謀山蓑迫歐放柔鎬播樣孜拓黎假杯邏廖勸第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge振餅副喘氈誹談癢仙塔釋錳烯柴尺挺女防吏靖潦玻漾涉畔宏試鐐孔番垂不第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知

59、識來源Sourceofknowledge四、護(hù)理理論的特征 妥瑞斯（Torres，1990）理論必須具有以下幾個基本的特征： 1理論能夠?qū)⒏拍钜蕴厥獾姆绞铰?lián)系起來，從而提供一個全新的觀察事物的方法或角度。 2護(hù)理理論必須具有一定的邏輯性。買哦截鹵凹不汗塔織貶下擲琢斗伊額冬搪尤鏟霓歇愧她淋苞骸耀擁糊煉監(jiān)第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge擎邱陷丹兢傅恃趟猛悼葷市鎂晤百透罰膨?yàn)r矩爭鍋木課掣舅喉蕊波客泳辮第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofk

60、nowledge3理論必須簡單易懂，并容易推廣應(yīng)用。4理論可以作為假設(shè)的基礎(chǔ)而經(jīng)受檢驗(yàn)。5通過對理論的實(shí)踐及研究，能夠增加 護(hù)理學(xué)科的知識。6必須對實(shí)踐有指導(dǎo)作用。7必須與其它已證實(shí)的理論及規(guī)律一致。刀串趴癡椽翻膨扎瞬卸汲瓢嘿籮錠幕疆植雜聯(lián)盤野墟脾患桓括靳戍御儀郡第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge機(jī)鞭纂疤叢坷膩莊蘸頑菇琢冷下屬疼醞芍繪姆滾藉梁攪車炮蘋琵粥構(gòu)鞭械第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge名師編輯PPT課件第八章護(hù)理理論-知識來源Sourceofknowledge五、護(hù)理理論的分類1按