2022年初中定語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載Unit6-7 初中定語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)一定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面兩句中的 man 和 everything是定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞， 叫先行詞， 定語(yǔ)從句放在先行詞的后面。 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞that, which, who(賓格 who, 所有格 whose)和關(guān)系副詞 where, when、why 關(guān)系詞常有三個(gè)作用： 1、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句2、代替先行詞3、在定語(yǔ)

2、從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分二、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.who 指人，在從句中做主語(yǔ) (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，?？墒÷?。(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：關(guān)系代詞 whom在 口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用 who 代替，可省略。(3) The man who/whom you met just now i

3、s my friend. 3. which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主語(yǔ) ) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做賓語(yǔ) ) 4. that 指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于 who 或者 whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于 which。在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。(5) The people that/who come to visit the city are al

4、l here. ( 在句子中做主語(yǔ) ) (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做賓語(yǔ) ) 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ) (若指物， 它還可以同 of which互換，指人的時(shí)候也可以用 of whom 代替）(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替 =The classroom the door of which

5、 is broken will soon be repaired. （3)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 定 語(yǔ) 從 句 練 習(xí)附練習(xí)（一）練習(xí)(一) 請(qǐng)分析一下定語(yǔ)從句： ( 請(qǐng)劃出定語(yǔ)從句，并標(biāo)出先行詞) 1. Check the ways you study for an English test. 2. Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar.

6、3. You couldn t unders tand people who talked fast. 4. I have some ideas that may help. 5. They said something you didnt like. 6. Can you think of any problems you have had recently? 8. He would always take pride in everything good I do. 9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in sch

7、ool. 學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載10. What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey? 12.If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 13. Standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries. 14. If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them. 15. All

8、 I ever wanted to do was traveling. 二、用關(guān)系代詞填空： that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose 1.This is the man _ wants to see you. 2. The student _ answered the question is Zhang Hua. 3. The man _ you went to see has come. 4. The man _I met yesterday lent me some money. 5. The woman _ you saw is our geography teach

9、er. 6. The runner _ you are asking about is over there. 7. The person _ you should write to is Mr. Ball. 8. The man _was passing by saw what happened. 9. Here is the pen _ you lost the day before yesterday. 10.These books _ you lent me were very useful. 11. The storybook _ I have just read cannot be

10、 forgotten. 12. A clock is a machine _ tells people the time. 13. This is shirt _I bought yesterday. 14. A dictionary is a book _ gives the meaning to the word. 15. The book _ is on the table is mine. 16. The film _ they are talking about is very interesting. 17. I will never forget the people and t

11、he places _I have visited. 18. Is there anyone _ family is in Beijing? 19. Show me the boy _ mother is a well-known singer. 20. The boy_ father is a teacher is good at English. 三、單項(xiàng)選擇( ) 1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose ( ) 2. Whats the

12、 name of the program_.A. which are listening C. to that you are listening B. you are listening to D. that you are listening ( ( ( ( ( )3. The students were all interested _ you told them yesterday. A. in which B. in that this C. all that D. in everything ) 4. He was the only person in his office_ wa

13、s invited. A. whom B. whose C. that D. which ) 5. This is the museum_ we visited last year. A. where B. in which C. which D. in that ) 6. Charlie told his mother all_ had happened. A. that B. what C. which D. who ) 7. Do you know the student_? A. whom I often talk B. with who I often talk C. I often

14、 talk with D. that I often talk ( 學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載) 8. I like the house_ windows face south. A. whose B. whos C. its D. its( ) 9. Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _? A. what I need B.I need C. which I need it D. that I need it ( )10.The young woman_ I spoke just now is a young doctor. A. who B.

15、 to whom C. whom D. that 三）關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞：在句中作狀語(yǔ) why=for which 關(guān)系副詞 =介詞 +關(guān)系代詞where=in/ at/ . which ( 介詞同先行詞搭配 ) when=during/ on/ in/ . which ( 介詞同先行詞搭配 ) 1. where 是關(guān)系副詞，用來(lái)表示地點(diǎn)的定語(yǔ)從句。2. when 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句表示時(shí)間 注 值得一提的是，表示時(shí)間“time 一詞的定語(yǔ)從句只用 when 引導(dǎo)，有時(shí)不用任何關(guān)系代詞，當(dāng)然也不用 that 引導(dǎo)。練習(xí)二1）. Is this the factory _ you visited the

16、 other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 2 Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 3） Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4）Do you still remember the day _ we first met? A. that B. whe

17、n C. what D. on that 5）October 1,1949 is the day _ well never forget.A. when B. that C. where D. in which 6) October 1,1949 was the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded. A. which B. when C. where D. in which 7). This is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting. A. in which B. with which C

18、. that D. for which 四 . 非 限制性定語(yǔ)從句 的作用是對(duì)所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，通常是引導(dǎo)詞和先行詞之間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立 . 1. which 引學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句作用是說(shuō)明前面整個(gè)句子的情況或主句的某一部分Unit8 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解A)動(dòng)詞 + 介詞(of,after,for,about,at) 名詞，代詞須放后面。常見(jiàn)的有 ：agree with 同意.的意見(jiàn) (想法);符合 belong to 屬于wait for/ 等候 come from 來(lái)自get to 到達(dá) . fall off ( 從.) 掉下knock at

19、/on 敲(門(mén)、窗 ) laugh at 嘲笑look after 照顧 ,照看 look at 看;觀看look for 尋找 look like 看起來(lái)像listen to 聽(tīng). talk about 說(shuō)話 ;談話 ;談?wù)損ay for (sth.) 付錢(qián) ;支付 talk with 與.交談think about 考慮 ask for 請(qǐng)求 ;詢(xún)問(wèn)B) 動(dòng)詞 + 副詞 (up,down,away,out,off) 詞須放中間。常見(jiàn)的有：名詞可前可后，代put on 穿上;戴上;(戲劇等 )上演; cut down 砍倒clean up清除;收拾干凈 come out 出來(lái) ;出現(xiàn) ;(花

20、)開(kāi);發(fā)(芽) come down下來(lái);落 come over 過(guò)來(lái) ;順便來(lái)訪drop off 放下 (某物 );下車(chē) eat up 吃光 ;吃完fall down 跌倒;從.落下find out 查出(真相) get back 回來(lái);取回 give up 放棄go over 過(guò)一遍 ;仔細(xì)檢 hand in 交上來(lái)shut down 把.關(guān)上 hurry up 趕快look out 留神 ;注意 look up 向上看 ;抬頭看 pick up 拾起;撿起look over ( 仔細(xì) )檢查 pass on 傳遞;轉(zhuǎn)移到 . put away 放好 ;把. 收起來(lái)put down 把(某物

21、)放下來(lái) put up 掛起;舉起try on 試穿 (衣服、鞋等 );試戴 (帽子等 ) turn down 關(guān)小 ;調(diào)低 turn off 關(guān)(電燈、收音機(jī)、煤氣、wake up 醒來(lái)try out 試驗(yàn);嘗試 turn on 打開(kāi) (電燈、煤氣、自來(lái)等 ) turn over ( 使)翻過(guò)來(lái) wear out 把.穿舊;磨壞work out 算出;制訂出 write down 寫(xiě)下run away 流失 ;逃跑 ;逃走 send up 發(fā)射 ;把.往上送C) be + 形容詞 + 介詞set off 出發(fā);動(dòng)身;啟程 trip over ( 被.) 絆倒be angry with 對(duì)(某

22、人 )發(fā)脾學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載be angry with 對(duì)(某人)發(fā)脾be angry with 對(duì)(某人)發(fā)脾be angry with 對(duì)(某人)發(fā)脾ake off 脫掉(衣服) take out 取出 . 氣throw about 亂丟 ;拋撒be interested in 對(duì).感興趣 be able to 能;會(huì) be afraid of 害怕 be amazed at 對(duì). 感到驚訝 be excited about 對(duì).感到興奮be filled with 用.充滿(mǎn) be full of 充滿(mǎn) .的be good at (= do well in ) be late for 遲到

23、在.方面做得好 ;善于be made in 在.生產(chǎn)或制造 be made of 由.組成 ;由.構(gòu)成 be pleased with 對(duì).感到滿(mǎn)意 be proud of 以.自豪 (高興 ) be used for 用于D)動(dòng)詞 + 名詞 / 代詞 beg ones pardon 請(qǐng)?jiān)?;對(duì)不起 do morning exercises 做早操 do ones homework 做作業(yè)enjoy oneself (= have a good time) give a concert 開(kāi)音樂(lè)會(huì) go boating 去劃船 go fishing 去釣魚(yú) go hiking 去徒步旅行 go skating 去滑冰 go shopping ( 去)買(mǎi)東西 have a cold ( 患)感冒 have a cough ( 患)咳嗽 have a headache ( 患)頭痛 have a try 嘗試 ;努力 have a look 看一看 have a rest 休息過(guò)得快樂(lè) ;玩得愉快學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載have a seat (= take a seat ) 就坐 ;坐下 have sports 進(jìn)行體育活動(dòng) have supper 吃晚餐 hear of 聽(tīng)說(shuō) hold a sports meeting 舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì) make a decision 作出決定 ma