牛津高中英語模塊一-unit2-Language-points-語言點(diǎn)

1、英語課件牛津版高一模塊一Unit 2Unit 2 Reading: Home aloneLanguage points1. Act one (line 1)act 作名詞，有以下幾種含義： 戲、幕 e.g. Act 5 Scene 2 第五幕第二景 行為,舉動(dòng) e.g. a foolish act 愚蠢的舉動(dòng), a brave act 勇敢的行為act 也可作動(dòng)詞，表示“扮演, 表演，行動(dòng)”He acted his part well.他扮演的那個(gè)角色很成功。Many children act in TV shows. 有許多孩子在電視節(jié)目中進(jìn)行表演。 Think before you act

2、! 三思而后行！ You should act according to your conscience. 你要憑良心辦事。The manager acted on the decision of the director board. 經(jīng)理根據(jù)董事會(huì)的決定行事。2. Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected. (line 2)vacation n. (AmE.) 休假，假期e.g. I worked in a small beachside restaurant during the college v

3、acation. 學(xué)院假期期間我在一家小的海濱餐館打工。She has gone to Canada on vacation.她到加拿大去度假。(= holiday)3. Yes, I cant wait to surprise the boys! (line 5) cant wait to do sth 迫不及待地要做某事e.g. I am tired after all that walking and I cant wait to get between the sheets. 走了那么遠(yuǎn)的路我累了, 我要馬上睡覺了。 I cant wait to meet you and your f

4、riend. 我迫不及待的想見到你和你的朋友。surprise 在此作動(dòng)詞，“使驚奇,使驚愕”e.g. They surprised us with a visit. 他們突然來訪使我們大感意外。It surprised me to see so many people there.在那里看到那么多人使我感到意外。He was surprised at us.他對(duì)我們的舉動(dòng)感到詫異。surprise 也可作名詞，“驚奇, 驚愕, 意外”e.g. Dont tell him about the present its a surprise. 不要告訴他禮物的事，這是件意想不到的禮物。I look

5、ed at him in surprise I didnt expect to see him again. 我驚奇地看他，沒想到又見到他了。 作不可數(shù)名詞常與to 連用，構(gòu)成固定短語: to ones surprise 使某人驚訝的是To the teachers surprise, he failed in the exam again. (= To the surprise of sb. )其形容詞是: surprising 令人驚訝的 surprised 感到驚訝的e.g. He was extremely surprised at the surprising news!詞組拓展：c

6、ome as a surprise 意料之外give sb. a surprise 使某人感到詫異take sb. / sth. by surprise 使大吃一驚in surprise 吃驚地4. You werent supposed to come home until tomorrow! (lines 9-10) be supposed to應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng) e.g. The sports meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we had to postpone it due to the bad weather. You a

7、re supposed to be there.5. What did you do with the cash we left? (line 14) do with 處理，處置，常與what連用e.g. What do you do with this machine?拓展：deal with 處理， 常與how連用e.g. What will you do with this matter? How will you deal with this matter?拓展： have something to do with 和有關(guān)系 have nothing to do with 和沒有關(guān)系e

8、.g. Her diligence must have something to do with her success. 她的勤勉和她的成功一定有某種關(guān)系。 I have nothing to do with this incident. 我和那件事毫無牽連。 It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows_.what to do with it how to deal with what to do with how to be dealt with6. Mom, Dad, I can ex

9、plain (line17)explain vt./ vi. 說明；闡明常用結(jié)構(gòu)：explain sth to sb explain to sb sth/explain thate.g. Will you please explain the third paragraph again for us? 請(qǐng)您把第三段給我們?cè)俳忉屢幌潞脝?解釋；辯解e.g. Can you explain why you were late? 你能解釋一下你為什么遲到嗎? You neednt explain any more. 你不必再解釋了。explain的名詞形式為：explanatione.g. His

10、explanations are always difficult to believe. 他說的總是讓人難以相信。Note:explain后不能直接跟人作賓語，表示“向某人解釋”要用to sb.，即explain sth. to sb.或explain to sb. sth. 7. The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and . (lines 18-19) in a mess 混亂；雜亂；骯臟e.g. Your room is in a mess. Please tidy it. 你的房間雜亂不堪，請(qǐng)把它打掃干凈。 You

11、r books and magazines are almost in a mess; go and put them in order. 你的書和雜志簡(jiǎn)直是亂七八糟，去把 它們整理一下。 結(jié)構(gòu)：with +O.(賓語)+ O.C. (賓語補(bǔ)足語) with+ O.+ prep. e.g. The teacher came into the classroom with a book in his hand. We human beings could not survive without all the plants and animals around us. with+ O.+ adv

12、. e.g. The family went out for a walk with the lights on. with +O + adj. e.g. It is bad manners to talk with your mouth full. He often sleeps with the door open. with +O. + v-ing With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge o

13、f English. 有這么多的人每天用英語交流，精通英語將變得越來越重要。In parts of Asia, you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person. 在亞洲某些地方，你不可以坐著把腳翹起指著別人。 with +O + p.p. e.g. All the afternoon, he worked with the door locked. 整個(gè)下午，他都鎖著門工作。 with +O + noun. e.g. Lu Xun fought against the enemy with a pen his only we

14、apon. 魯迅用他唯一的武器筆同敵人作斗爭(zhēng)。 with +O + to doe.g. With two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. 由于有兩門考試擔(dān)心通不過，這個(gè)周 末我得真的用功了。 With too much work to do, the mother has no time to take care of her son. 由于有很多工作要做，這個(gè)母親沒有 時(shí)間照顧孩子。 8. We left you in charge! (lines 22-23)leave 使處于某種狀態(tài)，聽任常用結(jié)

15、構(gòu)：leave + O + OC. 其中賓補(bǔ)可以為adj. /prep, / v-ing / n. /p.p.e.g. Leave the door open, please. Dont leave him waiting outside in the rain. Just leave me alone!charge 在句中為名詞，“ 掌管，照管”常用結(jié)構(gòu)有: in charge of . 負(fù)責(zé) in the charge of 由某人負(fù)責(zé) in ones charge 由某人負(fù)責(zé) take charge of 負(fù)責(zé) e.g. -Who is in charge of the factory?

16、 -Mr. Li will take charge of the project.= The project is in his charge. The Department stores are in the charge of Mr. Li. charge 作動(dòng)詞，可表示“索價(jià)，要價(jià)”e.g. The barber charges ten dollars for a haircut. 理一次發(fā)要價(jià)十美元。還可表示“責(zé)令；公開指責(zé)；控訴”， 常與with連用e.g. He was charged with stealing a car. 他被指控偷了一輛汽車。9. We thought yo

17、u could act like an adult, but look at the mess! (lines 23-24)adult C/n. 成年人 an adult e.g. The adults teach them these skills. 大人們教他們這些技術(shù)。 adj. 成年的，成熟的 e.g. We should do our best to develop the adult education. 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)努力發(fā)展成人教育。10. We wont tolerate such behavior in our house! (lines 27-28) tolerate v. 容

18、許，容忍 e.g. This sort of behavior will not be tolerated.I dont know how you tolerate that noise!There is a limit to what one person can tolerate. 人的容忍是有限度的。11. Im still a teenager! (line 29) teenager n. 青少年e.g. He is managing a club for teenagers. 他在經(jīng)營(yíng)一家青少年俱樂部。拓展：teenage adj. 青少年的 e.g. He gave a talk

19、on the theme of teenage unemployment. 他就青少年失業(yè)的主題作了一次報(bào)告。12. Why is everything always my fault? (lines 29-30) fault n. 過錯(cuò)，過失 e.g. I dont know whose fault it is. 我不知道這是誰的過失。find fault with sb. / sth. 挑毛病, 吹毛求疵e.g. Will you stop finding fault with me? I can not bear it anymore. fault 作名詞還能表示“缺點(diǎn), 故障”e.g.

20、 There is a fault in this machine. 這臺(tái)機(jī)器出了故障。His greatest fault is that he talks too much.他最大的缺點(diǎn)是說得太多。13. Mom and Dad look at each other as lights go out. (lines 31-32) go out 熄滅e.g. The fire had gone out when the fire- fighters arrived. 過時(shí); 變得不流行，不時(shí)髦e.g. Short skirt went out a few years ago, but the

21、yve come back again.詞組拓展：go across 走過，經(jīng)過 go against 違背，不利于go back 回到，回憶起 go by 過去，逝去go down 平靜，下降go out / put out用法區(qū)別：go out作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示自行”熄滅”，后面不能接賓語。put out作及物動(dòng)詞，表示”熄滅，撲滅火”。The firefighters put out the fire within half an hour.消防員在半小時(shí)內(nèi)撲滅了火。Its terribly smoky in here Im just going out for a breath of

22、fresh air.這里烏煙瘴氣我只是出去呼吸一下新鮮空氣。14. Act two, Scene one (line 34) scene n. 有以下幾種含義： (戲劇)場(chǎng)景，布景 e.g. This play is divided into three acts, and each act has three scenes. 這個(gè)劇分為三幕，每一幕有三個(gè)場(chǎng)景。 景色，風(fēng)景 e.g. The scene is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east. 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，出事地點(diǎn) e.g. The murder suspe

23、ct couldnt explain away his fingerprints at the scene.區(qū)分：scenery 自然景物，天然風(fēng)光，舞臺(tái)布景e.g. The grassland scenery of Tibet is unrivalled.西藏的草原風(fēng)景是無與倫比的。The scenery for the play must have cost too much.那出戲的舞臺(tái)布景一定很費(fèi)錢。sight 既可以指眼前看到的景觀，又可以指名勝、風(fēng)景。在表達(dá)后者的含義是必須用復(fù)數(shù)。view 常指從遠(yuǎn)處或高處看到的景色，有時(shí)可與scene互換。(1)The first time I

24、toured the Great Wall, I was deeply impressed with the beautiful _. A. view B. sign C. scene D. scenery(2)The _ of the story is Russia during World War . A. view B. sign C. scene D. scenery15. They never even gave me a chance to defend myself. (line 37) defend v. 辯解，辯護(hù) 常用結(jié)構(gòu)：defend sb/ oneself/ sth(

25、from/against sb/sth)e.g. How can you defend such behavior?She defended herself successfully in court.她在法庭上成功地為自己進(jìn)行了辯護(hù)。16. Then they wont be mad any more. (line 40)not any more= no more 不再notanymore,其中not用在系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后, anymore位于句末。 e.g. Now she wasnt afraid any more. Time or opportunity lost will

26、return no more. 機(jī)不可失，時(shí)不再來。辨析：no longer = not any longer 也可表示“不再”，用法與no more, notany more類似，但側(cè)重點(diǎn)有所區(qū)別。no more著重表示數(shù)量或程度的減少，動(dòng)作發(fā)的次數(shù)、頻率不再延續(xù)。常用于將來時(shí)，過去時(shí)，常跟瞬間性動(dòng)詞連用，一般置于行為動(dòng)詞后。no longer 一般用來修飾表示狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞, 著重表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)或時(shí)間的不再延續(xù)，意為“如今不再”。當(dāng)修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí), no longer通常置于be或行為動(dòng)詞前,指與過去比不再，常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。e.g. I dont like here any longer.She

27、 could not keep up with him any longer.17. Anyhow, they didnt trust me. (line 41) anyhow adv. 反正，不管怎樣e.g. He told me not to buy it, but I bought it anyhow. 他告訴我不要買它, 但不管怎樣, 我還 是買了。18. They dont deserve an explanation. (line 42) deserve v. 值得，應(yīng)得，應(yīng)受e.g. He deserves a reward for his efforts. 他積極努力，值得獎(jiǎng)賞

28、。 What have I done to deserve this? 我做了什么事讓我應(yīng)該得到這呢？ They didnt deserve to win.Do you think these proposals deserve _?To be considered considering consideration all the above19. Do you think we were too hard on Daniel? (line 51) be hard on 對(duì)苛刻/嚴(yán)厲 =be strict with sb. / in sth. e.g. She was very hard o

29、n me. Professor Li is hard on his students, he is strict in his research work as well. 20. Perhaps there is a reason why the house is a mess (lines 51-52)the reason why 的原因/理由e.g. I want to know the reason why he failed the exams.我想知道他沒考好的原因。The reason why he was late for work was that he had to sen

30、d his son to school.他上班遲到的原因是他要送孩子上學(xué)。區(qū)分：the reason why/ the reason forthe reason why后接定語從句，而the reason for 后接一個(gè)名詞性的結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g. That was the reason for his being late for school. 這就是他上學(xué)遲到的原因。相當(dāng)于：That was the reason why he was late for school.Please tell me the reason for your absence. 請(qǐng)說明你缺席的原因。The reaso

31、n for his coming late was that he got up late. 他遲到的原因是他起床遲了。The reason that he explained to us was not reasonable.他解釋給我們的原因不合理。拓展：for no reason 沒有理由，無緣無故e.g. Yue Fei was killed for no good reason. 岳飛以莫須有的罪名被處死。for some reason 由于某種原因e.g. The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could n

32、ot be used then. 21. Maybe, but now that he has been so rude to us, I feel like we have to punish him or he wont respect us. (lines 54-55) now that 既然 e.g. Now that you have known the matter, I think it unnecessary to discuss it again. 既然你知道這件事，就沒必要再討論了。難句分析1) Eric runs in after it, following by a b

33、ig dog又如： There is a loud noise following a sudden burst of light. The soldier found him followed by a spy.v-ing 表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系v-ed表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系對(duì)比：The doctor came into the room, followed by several nurses.Several nurses came into the room, following the doctor.2) Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier

34、 than expected. than expected 比預(yù)期的，比預(yù)料的。 是一種省略結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g. You did better in the exam than (you had been) expected. The project was finished later than expected.拓展：Do you expect it will rain?Yes, I expect so. /No, I expect not.expect 期待，預(yù)料，指望常用結(jié)構(gòu)：expect + n./pron./to do sth/that The expected to finish th

35、e work by Friday. 也常用于復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) expect sb. to do sth. / there to bee.g. We cant expect one to change the habit of lifetime in a short time. They expected there to be some chances. 3. The money with which you were to buy dog food is gone此處were to 表示一種義務(wù)、責(zé)任。表示“必須、應(yīng)該”。意思接近于should, must, ought to, have to。如：

36、You were to finish the project before Sunday but you didnt.No one is to leave the building. 誰也不得離開這樓房。 You are not to smoke in this room. =You are not supposed to smoke in this room. You are to be back by 10 oclock. 此外， be to +動(dòng)詞不定式 還可以表示 “計(jì)劃”、“安排”、“可能”、“命運(yùn)”等。e.g. He is to have a holiday. The commit

37、tee is to meet today. 表示將來表示計(jì)劃、安排Not a single sound was to be heard. They said goodbye, little knowing they were never to meet again.表示命中注定的事表示可能性4. Daniel and Erics bedroom, .who has his arms crossed and looks angry.此處是 have something done的結(jié)構(gòu)，表使處于狀態(tài)。=get something done。 有某種遭遇或經(jīng)歷The lady had her wal

38、let stolen/picked at the cinema last night.請(qǐng)/讓做某事She had her long hair cut short yesterday.完成I must have my work finished by Sunday.拓展：“讓某人做某事”有幾種表達(dá)方法： have sb do sth make sb to sth let sb do sth get sb to go sth e.g. Ill get your father to help you. PracticeComplete the following sentencesNo one go

39、es to the school during the v_.2. Youre in a nice m_ now because youve been caught stealing.3. The hotel c_ me $50 for a room for the night the other day.acationessharged4. I dont mean to praise myself because I have my f_.5. His feet left dirty m_ all over the floor.6. I was very u_ to see how hurt she was.7. The first s_ in the second act contains a very long speech.aultsarkspsetcene8. How many points did he s_ in that basketball game?9. The books tit